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The 1875 City of Auckland West by-elections were necessitated by the vacancies created by the resignation of one Member of Parliament and the death of another.
Answer: False
Explanation: The initial statement is partially incorrect. While one Member of Parliament resigned, the second vacancy was caused by the death of the other incumbent, not a resignation.
John Williamson, the second Member of Parliament for City of Auckland West in 1875, died in March 1875.
Answer: False
Explanation: John Williamson died on February 16, 1875, not in March. This date is crucial for the timeline of the by-elections.
The 1875 City of Auckland West by-elections constituted two separate electoral contests held within the same electorate.
Answer: True
Explanation: The term 'by-elections' in this context refers to two distinct electoral events occurring sequentially within the City of Auckland West electorate during 1875.
What were the 1875 City of Auckland West by-elections?
Answer: Two separate electoral contests for the City of Auckland West seat during the 4th New Zealand Parliament.
Explanation: The 1875 City of Auckland West by-elections comprised two distinct electoral events held within the same parliamentary term (the 4th New Zealand Parliament) to fill vacancies.
Why were the 1875 City of Auckland West by-elections primarily held?
Answer: One Member resigned, and another Member died, creating two vacancies.
Explanation: The two by-elections in 1875 for the City of Auckland West seat were necessitated by the resignation of one incumbent and the death of the other.
What event led to the second vacancy in the City of Auckland West seat in 1875?
Answer: The death of John Williamson.
Explanation: The second vacancy in the City of Auckland West seat during 1875 was caused by the death of the incumbent Member of Parliament, John Williamson.
Thomas Gillies resigned his parliamentary seat due to his appointment as a judge of the Supreme Court.
Answer: True
Explanation: The records indicate that Thomas Gillies resigned his parliamentary seat specifically because he was appointed to a judgeship on the Supreme Court.
George Grey was officially declared the elected representative for Thomas Gillies' former seat on March 27, 1875, following an uncontested election.
Answer: True
Explanation: George Grey was indeed declared the winner unopposed on March 27, 1875, succeeding Thomas Gillies in the City of Auckland West electorate.
Patrick Dignan succeeded John Williamson in the City of Auckland West electorate.
Answer: True
Explanation: Following the death of John Williamson, Patrick Dignan was elected to represent the City of Auckland West electorate.
During the April 1875 by-election, both Patrick Dignan and Joseph Dargaville stood as Independent candidates, rather than representing established political parties.
Answer: True
Explanation: The political affiliations of the candidates in the April 1875 by-election were noted as Independent for both Patrick Dignan and Joseph Dargaville.
Patrick Dignan, the victor of the April 1875 by-election, was Catholic, whereas his opponent, Joseph Dargaville, was associated with the Protestant Orange Order.
Answer: True
Explanation: The religious and organizational affiliations of the candidates were indeed as stated: Dignan was Catholic, and Dargaville was associated with the Protestant Orange Order.
The Orange Order is a political party that Joseph Dargaville belonged to.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Orange Order is described as a fraternal organization, not a political party, although Joseph Dargaville was associated with it.
How was the vacancy caused by Thomas Gillies' resignation filled?
Answer: Through an uncontested by-election with George Grey declared the winner.
Explanation: The vacancy created by Thomas Gillies' resignation was filled via an uncontested by-election, resulting in George Grey's unopposed return.
When did George Grey become the Member of Parliament for City of Auckland West following Thomas Gillies' resignation?
Answer: March 27, 1875
Explanation: George Grey was officially declared the elected representative on March 27, 1875, following the uncontested by-election.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the candidates in the contested April 1875 by-election?
Answer: Patrick Dignan (Catholic) ran against Joseph Dargaville (Orange Order/Protestant).
Explanation: In the contested April 1875 by-election, Patrick Dignan, who was Catholic, competed against Joseph Dargaville, who was associated with the Protestant Orange Order.
Who was the Member of Parliament replaced by Patrick Dignan?
Answer: John Williamson
Explanation: Patrick Dignan was elected to the seat previously held by John Williamson, following Williamson's death.
What was the primary reason for the vacancy filled by George Grey?
Answer: Resignation due to appointment as a judge.
Explanation: George Grey filled the vacancy created when Thomas Gillies resigned his seat upon being appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court.
The by-election held to replace Thomas Gillies was a contested election.
Answer: False
Explanation: The by-election that followed Thomas Gillies' resignation was uncontested, with George Grey being returned unopposed.
The by-election held to replace John Williamson was uncontested.
Answer: False
Explanation: Contrary to the statement, the by-election to replace John Williamson was contested, with Patrick Dignan facing Joseph Dargaville.
Patrick Dignan won the April 1875 by-election against Joseph Dargaville.
Answer: True
Explanation: The election records confirm that Patrick Dignan emerged victorious in the April 1875 by-election, defeating Joseph Dargaville.
Patrick Dignan secured 59.41% of the vote in the April 1875 City of Auckland West by-election.
Answer: True
Explanation: Analysis of the vote percentages confirms that Patrick Dignan obtained 59.41% of the total votes cast in the April 1875 by-election.
Joseph Dargaville received 565 votes in the contested by-election.
Answer: False
Explanation: Joseph Dargaville received 386 votes, not 565. The figure of 565 votes corresponds to Patrick Dignan's total.
The total number of voters participating in the April 1875 by-election was 951.
Answer: True
Explanation: The records confirm that a total of 951 voters participated in the April 1875 City of Auckland West by-election.
Patrick Dignan's majority over Joseph Dargaville was approximately 18.82% of the total votes.
Answer: True
Explanation: The calculated percentage majority for Patrick Dignan over Joseph Dargaville was indeed approximately 18.82% of the total votes cast.
Patrick Dignan won the April 1875 by-election with a majority of 179 votes.
Answer: True
Explanation: The vote difference between Patrick Dignan and Joseph Dargaville was 179 votes, constituting Dignan's majority in the April 1875 by-election.
The article suggests that the 1875 City of Auckland West by-election had a low voter turnout.
Answer: False
Explanation: The total turnout of 951 voters does not inherently suggest a low turnout; the data does not provide context for comparison to deem it low.
Who won the by-election held on April 14, 1875, for the City of Auckland West seat?
Answer: Patrick Dignan
Explanation: Patrick Dignan was the successful candidate in the contested by-election held on April 14, 1875, for the City of Auckland West seat.
What was the vote count for Patrick Dignan in the April 1875 City of Auckland West by-election?
Answer: 565 votes
Explanation: Patrick Dignan received a total of 565 votes in the April 1875 by-election for the City of Auckland West.
How many votes did Joseph Dargaville receive in the April 1875 by-election?
Answer: 386 votes
Explanation: Joseph Dargaville garnered 386 votes in the contested April 1875 by-election for the City of Auckland West.
What was the total number of votes cast in the April 1875 City of Auckland West by-election?
Answer: 951
Explanation: The aggregate number of votes cast during the April 1875 City of Auckland West by-election was 951.
What was Patrick Dignan's majority in terms of votes in the April 1875 by-election?
Answer: 179 votes
Explanation: Patrick Dignan achieved a majority of 179 votes over his opponent, Joseph Dargaville, in the April 1875 by-election.
What was the percentage of the vote secured by Joseph Dargaville in the April 1875 by-election?
Answer: 40.59%
Explanation: Joseph Dargaville secured 40.59% of the total votes cast in the April 1875 City of Auckland West by-election.
A by-election is a distinct electoral process held to fill a vacancy in a legislative seat that arises between general elections, not during them, and not exclusively for newly created seats.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement accurately defines a by-election as a special election to fill a vacancy occurring between general elections, irrespective of whether the seat is newly created.
An 'Independent politician' is defined as an individual who is not formally affiliated with any political party, contrary to being always aligned with the largest party.
Answer: True
Explanation: The term 'Independent politician' signifies a lack of formal party affiliation, not an alignment with any specific party, including the largest one.
In the context of parliamentary representation, what is a 'by-election'?
Answer: A special election to fill a seat vacated between general elections.
Explanation: A by-election is specifically defined as an election convened to fill a vacancy in a legislative seat that occurs between scheduled general elections.
What does it mean for a candidate to stand as an 'Independent'?
Answer: They are not formally associated with any political party.
Explanation: An 'Independent' candidate or politician is one who does not belong to or represent any established political party.