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1946 United States House of Representatives elections Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge

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Study Guide: The 1946 United States House of Representatives Elections: Analysis and Outcomes

Cheat Sheet:
The 1946 United States House of Representatives Elections: Analysis and Outcomes Study Guide

Election Overview and Pre-Election Dynamics

The 1946 United States House of Representatives elections were primarily held to elect members for the 80th United States Congress, a standard biennial process.

Answer: True

Explanation: The 1946 elections were indeed held to elect members for the 80th United States Congress, as part of the regular biennial electoral cycle.

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All 435 seats in the House of Representatives were contested in the 1946 elections, and a party needed 218 seats to achieve a majority.

Answer: True

Explanation: All 435 House seats were contested in 1946, and 218 seats were required for a party to secure a majority.

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Before the 1946 elections, the Republican Party had maintained control of the House of Representatives for 16 consecutive years.

Answer: False

Explanation: Prior to the 1946 elections, it was the Democratic Party, not the Republican Party, that had controlled the House of Representatives for 16 consecutive years.

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What was the primary purpose of the 1946 United States House of Representatives elections?

Answer: To elect members who would serve in the 80th United States Congress.

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When did the majority of the 1946 House of Representatives elections take place?

Answer: November 5, 1946

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How many consecutive years had the Democratic Party controlled the House of Representatives before the 1946 elections?

Answer: 16 years

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What was the required number of seats for a party to achieve a majority in the House of Representatives in 1946?

Answer: 218 seats

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Who was the Speaker of the House and leader of the majority party before the 1946 elections?

Answer: Sam Rayburn

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National Results: Vote Share and Seat Distribution

Joseph Martin, a Republican from Massachusetts, became the Speaker of the House after the 1946 elections, while Sam Rayburn became the Minority Leader.

Answer: True

Explanation: Following the Republican victory in 1946, Joseph Martin assumed the Speakership, and the former Speaker, Sam Rayburn, became the Minority Leader.

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The Republican majority gained in the 1946 House elections proved to be long-lasting, extending for several decades.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Republican majority gained in 1946 was short-lived, as the Democratic Party regained control just two years later, and Republicans would not retake the House for another 48 years.

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The Republican Party secured 53.5% of the total popular vote in the 1946 House elections.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Republican Party did secure 53.5% of the total popular vote in the 1946 House elections.

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The Democratic Party won 246 seats in the 1946 House elections, achieving a seat percentage of 56.5%.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Democratic Party won 188 seats (43.2%), while the Republican Party won 246 seats (56.5%) in the 1946 House elections.

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The Republican Party experienced a positive swing of 6.4 percentage points in the popular vote during the 1946 elections.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Republican Party indeed saw a positive swing of 6.4 percentage points in the popular vote during the 1946 elections.

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The Democratic Party experienced a positive swing of 6.8 percentage points in the popular vote during the 1946 elections.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Democratic Party experienced a negative swing of 6.8 percentage points in the popular vote during the 1946 elections, not a positive one.

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A total of 34,410,324 votes were cast in the 1946 United States House of Representatives elections.

Answer: True

Explanation: A total of 34,410,324 votes were indeed cast in the 1946 United States House of Representatives elections.

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What was the outcome of the 1946 elections in terms of party control of the House?

Answer: Republicans gained 55 seats to achieve majority control.

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Who became the new Speaker of the House after the Republican victory in the 1946 elections?

Answer: Joseph Martin

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What was the long-term impact of the Republican majority gained in the 1946 House elections?

Answer: The Democratic Party regained control just two years later.

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What percentage of the total popular vote did the Republican Party secure in the 1946 House elections?

Answer: 53.5%

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How many seats did the Republican Party win in the 1946 House elections?

Answer: 246 seats

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What was the seat change for the Democratic Party in the 1946 elections compared to the previous election?

Answer: A decrease of 54 seats

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What was the overall swing in popular vote percentage for the Republican Party in the 1946 elections?

Answer: A positive swing of 6.4 percentage points.

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Causal Factors for the Democratic Reversal

The Democratic defeat in the 1946 House elections was the largest loss for the party since the 1932 elections.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Democratic defeat in 1946 was the largest loss for the party since the 1928 pro-Republican wave, not the 1932 elections.

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President Harry S. Truman's approval rating was at its peak during the 1946 elections, indicating strong public support for his administration.

Answer: False

Explanation: President Truman's approval rating had fallen to 32 percent by the time of the 1946 elections, indicating a low point in public support for his administration.

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Public dissatisfaction with President Truman's handling of post-war labor strikes and the debate over ending wartime price controls contributed significantly to the Democratic defeat in 1946.

Answer: True

Explanation: Public dissatisfaction regarding President Truman's management of post-war labor strikes and the contentious debate over wartime price controls were indeed primary factors contributing to the Democratic defeat in 1946.

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The Democratic defeat in 1946 was the largest loss for the party since which historical event?

Answer: The 1928 pro-Republican wave

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What was President Harry S. Truman's approval rating at the time of the 1946 elections?

Answer: 32 percent

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Which of the following was NOT cited as a primary reason for President Truman's low approval rating and the Democratic defeat in 1946?

Answer: His decision to enter World War II.

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Key Outcomes in Specific Congressional Districts

A special election in Oregon's 1st congressional district in January 1946 resulted in a Democratic gain.

Answer: False

Explanation: The special election in Oregon's 1st congressional district in January 1946 resulted in a Republican hold, with A. Walter Norblad (Republican) winning the seat.

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Carl Henry Hoffman, a Republican, won Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district in a special election in May 1946, marking a Republican gain.

Answer: True

Explanation: Carl Henry Hoffman, a Republican, won the special election in Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district in May 1946, which was indeed a Republican gain.

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Richard Nixon, a Democrat, gained California's 12th congressional district in 1946 by defeating the Republican incumbent.

Answer: False

Explanation: Richard Nixon, a Republican, gained California's 12th congressional district in 1946 by defeating the Democratic incumbent Jerry Voorhis.

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In Colorado's 1st congressional district, the Republican incumbent Dean M. Gillespie was re-elected in 1946.

Answer: False

Explanation: In Colorado's 1st congressional district, the Republican incumbent Dean M. Gillespie lost his re-election bid in 1946, resulting in a Democratic gain.

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All three Democratic incumbents in Connecticut's 1st, 2nd, and 3rd districts lost their re-election bids in 1946, resulting in Republican gains.

Answer: True

Explanation: Democratic incumbents in Connecticut's 1st, 2nd, and 3rd districts all lost their re-election bids in 1946, leading to Republican gains in those districts.

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J. Caleb Boggs, a Democrat, won Delaware's at-large congressional district in 1946, maintaining Democratic control.

Answer: False

Explanation: J. Caleb Boggs, a Republican, won Delaware's at-large congressional district in 1946, defeating the Democratic incumbent and marking a Republican gain.

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In Florida's 4th congressional district, the incumbent Pat Cannon lost renomination, but the seat remained a Democratic hold with George Smathers winning the general election.

Answer: True

Explanation: Pat Cannon, the Democratic incumbent in Florida's 4th congressional district, lost renomination, but the seat was retained by the Democratic Party with George Smathers winning the general election.

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Abe Goff, a Republican, gained Idaho's 1st congressional district in 1946 by defeating the Democratic incumbent Compton I. White.

Answer: True

Explanation: Abe Goff, a Republican, successfully gained Idaho's 1st congressional district in 1946 by defeating the Democratic incumbent Compton I. White.

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John F. Kennedy, a Republican, was elected in Massachusetts's 11th congressional district in 1946.

Answer: False

Explanation: John F. Kennedy, a Democrat, was elected in Massachusetts's 11th congressional district in 1946, not a Republican.

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In Ohio's 3rd congressional district, the Democratic incumbent Edward J. Gardner lost his re-election, resulting in a Republican gain.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Democratic incumbent Edward J. Gardner lost his re-election in Ohio's 3rd congressional district, leading to a Republican gain.

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B. Carroll Reece, a Republican incumbent in Tennessee's 1st congressional district, retired in 1946, and the seat was subsequently gained by the Democratic Party.

Answer: False

Explanation: B. Carroll Reece, a Republican incumbent, retired in Tennessee's 1st congressional district in 1946, but the seat remained a Republican hold, not a Democratic gain.

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Sam Rayburn, a long-serving Democratic incumbent, was re-elected in Texas's 4th congressional district with 93.7% of the vote in 1946.

Answer: True

Explanation: Sam Rayburn, a prominent Democratic incumbent, was indeed re-elected in Texas's 4th congressional district in 1946 with a substantial 93.7% of the vote.

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In Utah's 2nd congressional district, the Democratic incumbent J. W. Robinson was re-elected in 1946.

Answer: False

Explanation: In Utah's 2nd congressional district, the Democratic incumbent J. W. Robinson lost his re-election in 1946, resulting in a Republican gain.

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In Missouri's 5th congressional district, the Democratic incumbent Roger C. Slaughter lost renomination, leading to a Republican gain in the general election.

Answer: True

Explanation: Roger C. Slaughter, the Democratic incumbent in Missouri's 5th congressional district, lost renomination, and the seat was subsequently gained by a Republican in the general election.

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Jessie Sumner, a Republican incumbent in Illinois's 18th congressional district, retired in 1946, and the seat was subsequently gained by the Democratic Party.

Answer: False

Explanation: Jessie Sumner, a Republican incumbent, retired in Illinois's 18th congressional district in 1946, but the seat remained a Republican hold, not a Democratic gain.

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In New York's 5th congressional district, the Democratic incumbent James A. Roe retired, and the seat was gained by a Republican.

Answer: True

Explanation: James A. Roe, the Democratic incumbent in New York's 5th congressional district, retired, and the seat was subsequently gained by a Republican.

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Carl Henry Hoffman, who won a special election in Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district, ran for and won the full term in the general election of 1946.

Answer: False

Explanation: Carl Henry Hoffman, who won the special election in Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district, did not run for the subsequent full term.

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In Oklahoma's 4th congressional district, the Democratic incumbent Lyle Boren lost his renomination, but the seat remained a Democratic hold.

Answer: True

Explanation: Lyle Boren, the Democratic incumbent in Oklahoma's 4th congressional district, lost renomination, but the seat was retained by the Democratic Party.

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Who won the special election in Oregon's 1st congressional district in January 1946, maintaining the Republican hold?

Answer: A. Walter Norblad

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In which congressional district did Richard Nixon, a Republican, defeat the Democratic incumbent Jerry Voorhis in 1946?

Answer: California's 12th congressional district

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Who was the Democratic candidate elected in Massachusetts's 11th congressional district in 1946, following the incumbent's retirement?

Answer: John F. Kennedy

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Which Democratic incumbent in Missouri's 5th congressional district lost renomination, leading to a Republican gain in the general election?

Answer: Roger C. Slaughter

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Which Democratic incumbent in Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district lost re-election in 1946 to Republican Hugh Scott?

Answer: Herbert J. McGlinchey

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Who won the open seat in Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district in the general election of 1946, after the special election winner retired?

Answer: William J. Crow

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Which Democratic incumbent in Oklahoma's 6th congressional district lost renomination in 1946, leading to Toby Morris winning the general election?

Answer: Jed Johnson

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Who was the Democratic incumbent for Virginia's 6th congressional district who resigned in December 1945, leading to a special election?

Answer: Clifton A. Woodrum

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Who was elected in the special election for Puerto Rico's at-large congressional district in September 1946, maintaining a Popular Democratic hold?

Answer: Antonio Fernós Isern

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Which Republican incumbent in Connecticut's 4th congressional district retired in 1946, and was succeeded by John Davis Lodge?

Answer: Clare Boothe Luce

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In Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district, who was the Republican who narrowly defeated the Democratic incumbent John E. Sheridan in 1946?

Answer: Franklin J. Maloney

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Minor Party Participation and Impact

The American Labor Party won 3 seats in the 1946 House elections.

Answer: False

Explanation: The American Labor Party won only 1 seat in the 1946 House elections, specifically in New York's 18th congressional district.

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Vito Marcantonio, an American Labor Party incumbent, was re-elected in New York's 18th congressional district in 1946.

Answer: True

Explanation: Vito Marcantonio, the American Labor Party incumbent, was indeed re-elected in New York's 18th congressional district in 1946.

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Which third party won a seat in the 1946 House elections?

Answer: American Labor Party

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Who was the American Labor Party incumbent re-elected in New York's 18th congressional district in 1946?

Answer: Vito Marcantonio

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