Enter a player name to begin or load your saved progress.
Abdastartus was a king of the ancient city of Sidon.
Answer: False
Explanation: The historical record identifies Abdastartus as the King of Tyre, not Sidon. Scholarly sources differentiate him from Abdashtart I, who was a ruler of Sidon.
Abdastartus is estimated to have been born in the city of Sidon.
Answer: False
Explanation: Scholarly estimation places Abdastartus's birth in the city of Tyre, his royal seat, rather than Sidon.
The 'short description' for Abdastartus is 'King of Sidon'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'short description' associated with Abdastartus in the provided context is 'King of Tyre,' distinguishing him from rulers of other Phoenician cities like Sidon.
Who was Abdastartus?
Answer: A king of the ancient Phoenician city of Tyre.
Explanation: Abdastartus held the position of King of Tyre. His reign and lineage are documented within the context of Phoenician history, distinguishing him from rulers of other city-states like Sidon.
What does the 'short description' associated with Abdastartus state?
Answer: King of Tyre
Explanation: The 'short description' provided for Abdastartus identifies him as 'King of Tyre'.
Abdastartus was the son of King Hiram I.
Answer: False
Explanation: Abdastartus was not the son of King Hiram I. He was the son of Baal-Eser I and the grandson of Hiram I, placing him in a subsequent generation of the Tyrian royal lineage.
Abdastartus succeeded his grandfather, Hiram I, directly on the throne of Tyre.
Answer: False
Explanation: Abdastartus did not succeed Hiram I directly. His father, Baal-Eser I, reigned between Hiram I and Abdastartus, indicating a direct succession from father to son, not grandfather to grandson.
Baal-Eser I, Abdastartus's father, reigned immediately before him.
Answer: True
Explanation: The historical chronology confirms that Baal-Eser I, the father of Abdastartus, reigned immediately prior to Abdastartus's own rule as King of Tyre.
Abdastartus belonged to the Dynasty of Abibaal and Hiram I.
Answer: True
Explanation: Abdastartus was indeed a member of the Dynasty of Abibaal and Hiram I, signifying his lineage from prominent rulers of Tyre.
Information regarding Abdastartus's mother is well-documented in the provided text.
Answer: False
Explanation: The available historical texts explicitly state that the identity of Abdastartus's mother is unknown.
Abdastartus's father, Baal-Eser I, reigned for seven years.
Answer: True
Explanation: Historical records indicate that Baal-Eser I, the father of Abdastartus, had a reign duration of seven years.
What is the familial relationship between Abdastartus and Hiram I?
Answer: Abdastartus was the grandson of Hiram I.
Explanation: Abdastartus was the grandson of Hiram I. His father, Baal-Eser I, reigned between Hiram I and Abdastartus.
Which dynasty did Abdastartus belong to?
Answer: The Dynasty of Abibaal and Hiram I
Explanation: Abdastartus was a member of the Dynasty of Abibaal and Hiram I, a significant ruling family in the history of Tyre.
What does the source state about Abdastartus's mother?
Answer: Her identity is unknown.
Explanation: The historical records available do not provide information regarding the identity of Abdastartus's mother.
The reign of Abdastartus's father, Baal-Eser I, lasted for how many years according to the source?
Answer: Seven years
Explanation: The source indicates that Baal-Eser I, the father of Abdastartus, reigned for a period of seven years.
Which of the following is NOT a name associated with Abdastartus's father mentioned in the text?
Answer: Astartus
Explanation: Baal-Eser I, Beleazarus I, and Ba'l-mazzer I are all names or variations referring to Abdastartus's father. Astartus was Abdastartus's successor.
The reign of Abdastartus as King of Tyre lasted for exactly nine years.
Answer: True
Explanation: According to the historical accounts preserved by Menander of Ephesus, Abdastartus reigned as King of Tyre for a duration of nine years.
The reign dates for Abdastartus are definitively recorded as 929 BC to 921 BC.
Answer: True
Explanation: Based on historical sources, particularly Menander of Ephesus as cited by Josephus, the reign of Abdastartus as King of Tyre is established within the period of 929 BC to 921 BC.
Abdastartus lived for approximately 29 years.
Answer: True
Explanation: Based on the estimated birth year of 950 BC and the end of his reign around 921 BC, Abdastartus's lifespan is calculated to be approximately 29 years.
The death year of Abdastartus is definitively known to be 921 BC.
Answer: False
Explanation: While 921 BC is commonly cited as the end of Abdastartus's reign, historical dating for this period often involves estimations. The exact year may be subject to scholarly debate, with some sources suggesting 920 BC as the terminal year.
Abdastartus's reign dates are 946 BC to 930 BC.
Answer: False
Explanation: The established reign dates for Abdastartus are 929 BC to 921 BC. The dates 946 BC to 930 BC correspond to the reign of his father, Baal-Eser I.
What were the years of Abdastartus's reign as King of Tyre?
Answer: 929 BC to 921 BC
Explanation: Historical sources indicate that Abdastartus reigned as King of Tyre during the period from 929 BC to 921 BC.
According to Menander of Ephesus, how long did Abdastartus reign?
Answer: Nine years
Explanation: Menander of Ephesus, as cited by Josephus, states that Abdastartus reigned for a period of nine years.
What was the estimated birth year for Abdastartus?
Answer: 950 BC
Explanation: Scholarly estimation places Abdastartus's birth year at approximately 950 BC.
The lifespan of Abdastartus is stated to be:
Answer: Approximately 29 years
Explanation: Based on his estimated birth year (c. 950 BC) and the end of his reign (c. 921 BC), Abdastartus's lifespan is calculated to be approximately 29 years.
Which of the following is a plausible, but incorrect, reign date for Abdastartus based on the source?
Answer: 930 BC to 921 BC
Explanation: The established reign dates for Abdastartus are 929 BC to 921 BC. The dates 920 BC to 901 BC belong to his successor, Astartus. The dates 946 BC to 930 BC belong to his father, Baal-Eser I. The option 930 BC to 921 BC is incorrect as it overlaps with Baal-Eser I's reign and does not align with the established start date of Abdastartus's rule.
The primary source for information on Abdastartus is the historian Menander of Ephesus.
Answer: True
Explanation: The foundational historical account of Abdastartus originates from the work of Menander of Ephesus, whose writings are preserved and cited within the later work of Josephus, specifically in his treatise *Against Apion*.
Scholars like William H. Barnes have contributed to refining the chronology of Tyrian kings using modern evidence.
Answer: True
Explanation: Modern scholarship, including the work of figures such as William H. Barnes, F. M. Cross, and others, has significantly advanced the understanding and refinement of Tyrian king chronologies by analyzing inscriptional evidence and other contemporary data.
Josephus's work *Against Apion* is important because it preserves earlier writings, including Menander of Ephesus's history of Tyre.
Answer: True
Explanation: The treatise *Against Apion* by Josephus is of significant historical value as it preserves excerpts from earlier, potentially lost, works, notably Menander of Ephesus's history of Tyre, which contains crucial details about Tyrian rulers.
The primary historical account of Abdastartus is preserved in the writings of which ancient author?
Answer: Menander of Ephesus
Explanation: The foundational historical account concerning Abdastartus originates from Menander of Ephesus, whose work is preserved through citations by later historians like Josephus.
What is the function of the 'References' section mentioned in the article?
Answer: To list the academic sources used in the article.
Explanation: The 'References' section enumerates the scholarly works and citations upon which the article's content is based, enabling verification and further research.
Who is cited as the source for the information that Abdastartus reigned for nine years?
Answer: Menander of Ephesus, as cited by Josephus
Explanation: The assertion that Abdastartus reigned for nine years originates from Menander of Ephesus, whose account is preserved within Josephus's work, *Against Apion*.
What role did Josephus play concerning the historical account of Abdastartus?
Answer: He preserved the writings of Menander of Ephesus, which included information on Abdastartus.
Explanation: Josephus, in his work *Against Apion*, preserved crucial information from Menander of Ephesus's history of Tyre, thereby ensuring the survival of details about rulers like Abdastartus.
Astartus, who reigned from 920 BC to 901 BC, was the predecessor of Abdastartus.
Answer: False
Explanation: Astartus was the successor, not the predecessor, of Abdastartus. Astartus began his reign in 920 BC, immediately following the conclusion of Abdastartus's reign.
Abdastartus was murdered by his own children.
Answer: False
Explanation: The historical accounts indicate that Abdastartus was murdered by a conspiracy involving four sons of his nurse, rather than by his own children.
Abdastartus's reign ended due to a conspiracy involving four sons of his nurse.
Answer: True
Explanation: Historical accounts attribute the end of Abdastartus's reign to a conspiracy orchestrated by four sons of his nurse, leading to his murder.
Who was Abdastartus's immediate predecessor on the throne of Tyre?
Answer: Baal-Eser I
Explanation: Abdastartus's immediate predecessor on the throne of Tyre was his father, Baal-Eser I.
Which of the following individuals succeeded Abdastartus as King of Tyre?
Answer: Astartus
Explanation: Astartus succeeded Abdastartus as King of Tyre, reigning from 920 BC to 901 BC.
How did Abdastartus's reign come to an end?
Answer: He was murdered by conspirators associated with his nurse.
Explanation: Abdastartus's reign concluded with his murder, perpetrated by a conspiracy involving four sons of his nurse.
The conspirators who murdered Abdastartus were described as:
Answer: Four sons of his nurse
Explanation: The historical accounts specify that the individuals involved in the conspiracy against Abdastartus were four sons of his nurse.
The synchronism of Baal-Eser II and Shalmaneser III in 841 BC is irrelevant for dating Tyrian rulers.
Answer: False
Explanation: The synchronism between Tyrian rulers, such as Baal-Eser II, and Assyrian kings, like Shalmaneser III in 841 BC, is critically important. It provides a vital chronological anchor for establishing the dating of Tyrian kings and their reigns.
The 'See also' section in the article provides detailed biographical information about Abdastartus.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'See also' section typically directs readers to related articles or topics, such as lists of rulers or historical periods, rather than containing detailed biographical narratives.
The 'References' section contains the primary narrative of Abdastartus's life.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'References' section lists the academic sources and citations used to compile the article. The primary narrative is presented within the main body of the text, supported by these references.
The term 'BC' refers to years counted forward from the birth of Christ.
Answer: False
Explanation: The abbreviation 'BC' stands for 'Before Christ.' It denotes years counted backward from the traditional year 1 AD, establishing a chronological sequence prior to the Common Era.
The term 'synchronism' refers to the process of translating ancient texts.
Answer: False
Explanation: Synchronism in historical chronology refers to the establishment of chronological links between events or timelines that occurred concurrently in different regions or sources. It is a method for correlating historical data, not text translation.
The phrase 'akin to' suggests an exact phonetic match for the transliterated name.
Answer: False
Explanation: The phrase 'akin to' implies a close similarity or approximation, rather than an exact phonetic match. It suggests that the pronunciation is comparable but may not be identical to the original ancient sound.
The term 'inscriptional evidence' refers to information found in ancient inscriptions.
Answer: True
Explanation: Inscriptional evidence comprises historical data derived from texts physically inscribed onto durable materials such as stone, metal, or clay, offering direct contemporary accounts.
The term 'BC' refers to years counted forward from the birth of Christ.
Answer: False
Explanation: The abbreviation 'BC' signifies 'Before Christ,' denoting years counted backward from the traditional year 1 AD, thus preceding the Common Era.
The term 'fn' in the infobox likely refers to the full or formatted name of the subject.
Answer: True
Explanation: Within the structure of an infobox, 'fn' commonly denotes the 'full name' or 'formatted name' of the primary subject, which in this case is Abdastartus.
The 'infobox-subheader' class is used to style the main title of the subject.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'infobox-subheader' class is typically employed to style a secondary descriptive title positioned below the main title within an infobox, often indicating the subject's role or primary identifier.
What is the significance of the synchronism between Baal-Eser II and Shalmaneser III in 841 BC?
Answer: It helps establish a chronological anchor for dating Tyrian rulers.
Explanation: This synchronism provides a crucial chronological reference point, enabling scholars to correlate events in Tyre with the well-documented Assyrian timeline, thereby refining the dating of Tyrian rulers.
What does the term 'transliterated' mean in the context of Phoenician names?
Answer: A phonetic conversion into a different script, like the Latin alphabet.
Explanation: Transliteration involves rendering a name or text from one script to another based on phonetic representation, aiming to approximate the original pronunciation using the target script's characters.
What does the term 'synchronism' help historians achieve regarding different timelines?
Answer: It allows them to establish chronological links between concurrent events.
Explanation: Synchronism is a method used in historical chronology to correlate events occurring simultaneously in different timelines or sources, thereby establishing connections and a more coherent historical framework.