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Abdullah al-Harari was born in the city of Harar, situated in modern-day Ethiopia.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms Abdullah al-Harari's birthplace as Harar, Ethiopia.
Abdullah al-Harari passed away in the year 2008 at the age of 102.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source indicates Abdullah al-Harari died in 2008 at the age of 102.
Abdullah al-Harari spent his entire life teaching and residing in his birthplace, Harar, Ethiopia.
Answer: False
Explanation: Although born in Harar, Abdullah al-Harari lived and taught extensively in Beirut, Lebanon.
The Arabic orthography for Abdullah al-Harari's name is provided as 'عَبْدُ اللَّهِ الْحَرِيرِي'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The provided Arabic spelling in the question does not match the correct orthography found in the source material.
Who was Abdullah al-Harari, according to the provided text?
Answer: An Ethiopian scholar (*muhaddith*) and expert in Fiqh who taught in Beirut.
Explanation: The source identifies Abdullah al-Harari as an Ethiopian scholar, a *muhaddith*, an expert in Fiqh, who taught in Beirut.
In which city and country did Abdullah al-Harari primarily live and teach?
Answer: Beirut, Lebanon
Explanation: While born in Harar, Ethiopia, Abdullah al-Harari spent a significant portion of his life teaching and residing in Beirut, Lebanon.
What is the Arabic orthography for Abdullah al-Harari's name as provided in the source?
Answer: عَبْدُ اللَّهِ الْحَرِيرِي
Explanation: The correct Arabic orthography for Abdullah al-Harari's name, as provided in the source, is 'عَبْدُ اللَّهِ الْحَرِيرِي'.
Abdullah al-Harari's life and work were associated with which two main regions?
Answer: The Horn of Africa and the Levant
Explanation: His birthplace is in the Horn of Africa (Ethiopia), and he taught extensively in the Levant (Lebanon).
Abdullah al-Harari was born in 1906 in which city?
Answer: Harar
Explanation: The source states that Abdullah al-Harari was born in Harar in 1906.
How old was Abdullah al-Harari when he passed away?
Answer: 102 years old
Explanation: According to the provided text, Abdullah al-Harari was 102 years old at the time of his death in 2008.
Abdullah al-Harari's primary scholarly renown stemmed from his expertise in Islamic philosophy and astronomy.
Answer: False
Explanation: While a scholar, his primary renown was in theology (Kalam), polemics, Hadith, and jurisprudence (Fiqh), not Islamic philosophy and astronomy.
Abdullah al-Harari's scholarly interests encompassed theology (Kalam), polemics, Hadith studies, and Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh).
Answer: True
Explanation: The source explicitly lists Kalam, polemics, Hadith, and Fiqh as central areas of Abdullah al-Harari's scholarly focus.
The term 'polemics' in al-Harari's interests refers to the study of Hadith transmission.
Answer: False
Explanation: Polemics refers to engaging in controversial debate or argumentation, particularly concerning religious matters, not the study of Hadith transmission.
Which of the following areas was NOT a central scholarly interest of Abdullah al-Harari?
Answer: Islamic philosophy and logic
Explanation: The source lists Kalam, Hadith, Fiqh, and polemics as his interests, but not Islamic philosophy and logic.
What does the term 'polemics' relate to in Abdullah al-Harari's scholarly work?
Answer: Engaging in religious debate and argumentation.
Explanation: In scholarly contexts, 'polemics' refers to the practice of engaging in controversial debate or argumentation, particularly in defense of one's beliefs.
Abdullah al-Harari belonged to the Hanafi school of jurisprudence and followed the Qadiri Sufi order.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates Abdullah al-Harari followed the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence and belonged to the Rifa'iyya Sufi order, not Hanafi and Qadiri.
Abdullah al-Harari adhered to the Ash'ari creed, a prominent school of Sunni Islamic theology.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms Abdullah al-Harari's adherence to the Ash'ari creed, a major theological school within Sunni Islam.
The Rifa'iyya Tariqa is a school of Islamic theology.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Rifa'iyya is a Sufi order (Tariqa), a spiritual path within Islam, not a school of theology.
The Shafi'i school, followed by al-Harari, is one of the major Sunni schools of Islamic law.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Abdullah al-Harari followed the Shafi'i school, which is indeed one of the four principal Sunni schools of jurisprudence.
Abdullah al-Harari was affiliated with which school of jurisprudence?
Answer: Shafi'i
Explanation: The source explicitly states that Abdullah al-Harari followed the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence.
Which Sufi order (Tariqa) did Abdullah al-Harari belong to?
Answer: Rifa'iyya
Explanation: The source indicates that Abdullah al-Harari belonged to the Rifa'iyya Tariqa.
What does the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence emphasize?
Answer: A systematic approach integrating Quran, Sunnah, consensus, and analogy.
Explanation: The Shafi'i school, founded by Imam Al-Shafi'i, is known for its systematic methodology that integrates the Quran, Sunnah, consensus (ijma), and analogical reasoning (qiyas) for deriving legal rulings.
What is the significance of the Ash'ari creed in Sunni Islam?
Answer: It is a major theological school reconciling reason and revelation.
Explanation: The Ash'ari creed represents a major theological school within Sunni Islam that seeks to harmonize rational inquiry with scriptural revelation.
What is a 'Tariqa' in the context of Sufism?
Answer: A specific order or structured path within Sufism.
Explanation: A Tariqa refers to a specific order or structured path within Sufism, guiding adherents towards spiritual realization.
Abdullah al-Harari authored commentaries on significant theological texts, including 'Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya' and 'Sharh al-'Aqida al-Tahawiyya'.
Answer: True
Explanation: These specific titles are attributed to Abdullah al-Harari in the provided source material, indicating his work as a commentator on theological works.
Key scholarly influences on Abdullah al-Harari included Imam Al-Shafi'i and Ahmad al-Rifa'i.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source explicitly mentions Imam Al-Shafi'i and Ahmad al-Rifa'i as significant influences on Abdullah al-Harari.
Abdullah al-Harari was influenced by Abu Mansur al-Maturidi, a founder of a major theological school.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source lists Abu Mansur al-Maturidi as one of the key scholarly influences on Abdullah al-Harari.
Which of the following scholars was listed as an influence on Abdullah al-Harari?
Answer: Abu Mansur al-Maturidi
Explanation: The source explicitly names Abu Mansur al-Maturidi as one of the scholars who influenced Abdullah al-Harari.
Abdullah al-Harari's book criticizing certain companions during the First Fitna is titled:
Answer: 'al-Dalil al-Shar'i 'ala Ithbat man Qaatalahum 'Ali min Sahabi aw Tabi'i'
Explanation: The book in which Abdullah al-Harari expressed his critical views on companions during the First Fitna is titled 'al-Dalil al-Shar'i 'ala Ithbat man Qaatalahum 'Ali min Sahabi aw Tabi'i'.
Who was Jamil Halim al-Husaini in relation to Abdullah al-Harari?
Answer: Someone influenced by Abdullah al-Harari.
Explanation: The source indicates that Jamil Halim al-Husaini was among those influenced by Abdullah al-Harari.
Which of the following works is attributed to Abdullah al-Harari?
Answer: Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya
Explanation: The source attributes the work 'Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya' to Abdullah al-Harari.
Abdullah al-Harari held views asserting that Muawiyah I and Aisha were correct in their opposition to Caliph Ali.
Answer: False
Explanation: Contrary to this statement, Abdullah al-Harari believed Muawiyah I and Aisha were incorrect in their opposition to Caliph Ali during the First Fitna.
Al-Harari articulated his critical perspectives on companions such as Muawiyah and Aisha in his book titled 'al-Dalil al-Shar'i 'ala Ithbat man Qaatalahum 'Ali min Sahabi aw Tabi'i'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Abdullah al-Harari expressed these critical views in the specified book.
The orthodox Sunni perspective generally aligns with Abdullah al-Harari's view that Muawiyah and Aisha were mistaken during the First Fitna.
Answer: False
Explanation: The orthodox Sunni perspective typically emphasizes neutrality and respect for the companions, contrasting with al-Harari's specific critique.
The First Fitna was a period of civil war concerning the succession after the death of the third Caliph, Uthman.
Answer: True
Explanation: The First Fitna is historically defined as the period of civil conflict following the assassination of Caliph Uthman, centered on the issue of succession.
Al-Harari's criticism of Muawiyah I and Aisha during the First Fitna is a view widely shared by mainstream Sunni scholars.
Answer: False
Explanation: This specific critical stance is not widely shared; mainstream Sunni scholarship typically advocates for neutrality and respect towards the companions involved in the First Fitna.
What controversial stance did Abdullah al-Harari take regarding Muawiyah I and Aisha?
Answer: He argued they were incorrect in rebelling against Caliph Ali during the First Fitna.
Explanation: Abdullah al-Harari controversially asserted that Muawiyah I and Aisha were mistaken in their opposition to Caliph Ali during the First Fitna.
The orthodox Sunni perspective on the disputes during the First Fitna, as contrasted with al-Harari's view, emphasizes:
Answer: Neutrality and respect for the companions involved.
Explanation: Mainstream Sunni scholarship typically advocates for neutrality and respect towards the companions, even regarding their disagreements during the First Fitna, which differs from al-Harari's specific critique.
The 'First Fitna' refers to:
Answer: The first major civil war within the early Islamic community.
Explanation: The term 'First Fitna' denotes the initial period of significant civil conflict and political strife within the nascent Islamic community.
Abdullah al-Harari was a key figure in the founding of the Tablighi Jamaat movement.
Answer: False
Explanation: The provided text does not associate Abdullah al-Harari with the founding of the Tablighi Jamaat movement.
The Al-Ahbash movement, also known as the Association of Islamic Charitable Projects (AICP), was founded by Abdullah al-Harari in Beirut in 1983.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Abdullah al-Harari founded the Al-Ahbash movement (AICP) in Beirut in 1983.
Abdullah al-Harari was among the scholars who signed the Amman Message in 2004.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source indicates Abdullah al-Harari was a signatory to the Amman Message issued in 2004.
Abdullah al-Harari received a license as a Shaykh from the University of Cairo.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that Abdullah al-Harari received a license as a Shaykh from the branch of Al-Azhar University located in Lebanon, not from the University of Cairo.
The Amman Message aims to provide a broad foundation for defining Muslim orthodoxy.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Amman Message is described as an initiative to establish a common ground for defining Muslim orthodoxy.
Abdullah al-Harari's website is listed as www.harari.org.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates the website associated with Abdullah al-Harari and his movement is www.harariyy.org, not www.harari.org.
The Association of Islamic Charitable Projects (AICP) is described as an activist expression of Lebanese Sufism.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source characterizes the AICP (Al-Ahbash) as an activist expression of Lebanese Sufism.
Abdullah al-Harari was recognized by which prestigious Islamic institution in Lebanon?
Answer: The branch of Al-Azhar University located in Lebanon
Explanation: Abdullah al-Harari received a license as a Shaykh from the branch of Al-Azhar University situated in Lebanon.
The Al-Ahbash movement, also known as AICP, is described in the source as:
Answer: A Sufi religious movement founded by Abdullah al-Harari.
Explanation: The source identifies the Al-Ahbash movement (AICP) as a Sufi religious movement established by Abdullah al-Harari.
What was the primary purpose of the Amman Message, signed by Abdullah al-Harari?
Answer: To define Muslim orthodoxy and provide a foundation for unity among diverse schools.
Explanation: The Amman Message aimed to establish a broad foundation for defining Muslim orthodoxy and fostering unity among various Islamic schools of thought.
The website associated with Abdullah al-Harari and his movement is:
Answer: www.harariyy.org
Explanation: The source explicitly lists www.harariyy.org as the website associated with Abdullah al-Harari and his movement.
A *muhaddith* is an Islamic scholar specializing in Quranic exegesis.
Answer: False
Explanation: A *muhaddith* is specifically a scholar of Hadith (sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad), not Quranic exegesis (Tafsir).
Fiqh refers to the dialectical discourse on Islamic creed and doctrine.
Answer: False
Explanation: Fiqh pertains to Islamic jurisprudence and legal rulings, whereas Kalam refers to dialectical discourse on creed and doctrine.
Kalam is the field of Islamic jurisprudence concerned with legal rulings.
Answer: False
Explanation: Kalam is concerned with theology and doctrine, while Islamic jurisprudence dealing with legal rulings is known as Fiqh.
The Levant is a historical region primarily encompassing parts of North Africa.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Levant is a region in the Eastern Mediterranean, not primarily North Africa.
What does the term *muhaddith* signify in Islamic scholarship?
Answer: A scholar specializing in Hadith, the sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad.
Explanation: A *muhaddith* is defined as an Islamic scholar dedicated to the field of Hadith, involving its collection, authentication, and interpretation.
What does the term 'Kalam' refer to in Islamic studies?
Answer: Theological or dialectical discourse on Islamic creed and doctrine.
Explanation: Kalam is the field of Islamic theology that involves reasoned discourse and argumentation concerning matters of faith and doctrine.
What is Fiqh?
Answer: The body of law derived from the Quran and Sunnah.
Explanation: Fiqh is the term for Islamic jurisprudence, encompassing the body of law derived from the primary sources of Islam.
Which of the following is a correct description of the Levant?
Answer: A historical area in the Eastern Mediterranean including Lebanon and Syria.
Explanation: The Levant is defined as a historical region situated in the Eastern Mediterranean, encompassing countries such as Lebanon and Syria.
What is the primary role of a *muhaddith*?
Answer: To collect, verify, and interpret Hadith.
Explanation: The primary role of a *muhaddith* is the meticulous collection, authentication, and interpretation of Hadith, the sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad.