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Aleutian Islands Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge

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Study Guide: The Aleutian Islands: Geography, History, and Culture

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The Aleutian Islands: Geography, History, and Culture Study Guide

Aleutian Islands: Geography and Geology

Prior to 1867, the Aleutian Islands were known by what name?

Answer: True

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The Aleutian chain comprises approximately 14 major volcanic islands and 55 smaller ones.

Answer: True

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The Aleutian Islands serve as a natural geographical boundary between the Bering Sea and the Pacific Ocean.

Answer: True

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The Aleutian Islands are situated within the Pacific Ring of Fire, a region characterized by significant seismic and volcanic activity.

Answer: True

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The geological basement of the Aleutian Islands consists of three distinct stratigraphic units: Eocene volcanic rock, Oligocene-Miocene marine sedimentary rock, and Pliocene-Quaternary sedimentary and igneous rock.

Answer: True

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Unimak Island is the largest island in the Aleutian chain, and Unalaska Island is the only other island exceeding 1,000 square miles.

Answer: True

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The geological orientation of the Aleutian archipelago shifts to a northwestward trend beginning around Tanaga Island.

Answer: True

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The Russian Aleutians are administratively organized as the Aleutsky District within Russia's Kamchatka Krai.

Answer: True

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The Aleutian chain consists of over 100 main islands and numerous smaller ones.

Answer: False

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The United States controls all of the Aleutian Islands, including the westernmost Commander Islands.

Answer: False

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The Aleutian Islands form a natural border between the Bering Sea and the Arctic Ocean.

Answer: False

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The Aleutian Islands are located along the 180th meridian, placing them entirely within the Eastern Hemisphere.

Answer: False

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Physiographically, the Aleutian Islands are classified as a section of the Great Plains province of North America.

Answer: False

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The Aleutian island arc was formed by the subduction of the North American Plate under the Pacific Plate, beginning in the late Cretaceous period.

Answer: False

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The basement underlying the Aleutian Islands consists of only one stratigraphic unit of volcanic rock.

Answer: False

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Unimak Island is the largest island by area in the Aleutian chain, followed by Attu Island.

Answer: False

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The Commander Islands, part of the Russian Aleutians, include only Bering Island and Medny Island.

Answer: False

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Which nation controls the westernmost islands of the Aleutian chain?

Answer: Russia

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Physiographically, the Aleutian Islands are classified as a section of which larger division?

Answer: The Pacific Mountain System

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What geological feature are the Aleutian Islands a part of, known for seismic and volcanic activity?

Answer: The Pacific Ring of Fire

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The formation of the Aleutian island arc began approximately how many million years ago?

Answer: 55-50 million

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Which of the following is NOT a recognized group of islands within the Aleutian chain?

Answer: Aleutian Islands

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Aleutian Islands: Climate and Environment

The Aleutian Islands experience an oceanic climate characterized by moderate, uniform temperatures, substantial rainfall, and persistent fog.

Answer: True

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Summer temperatures in the Aleutian Islands are notably cooler than those found in Southeast Alaska.

Answer: True

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Unalaska Island and areas southwest of 53.5° N latitude and 167° W longitude are classified under the Köppen 'Subpolar Oceanic Climate' (Cfc).

Answer: True

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The 'Aleutian Low' is a semi-permanent low-pressure system that forms over the Aleutian Islands during the winter season.

Answer: True

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The mean annual temperature in Unalaska is approximately 38°F (3°C), with January averaging around 30°F (-1°C) and August around 52°F (11°C).

Answer: True

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The highest temperature ever recorded in the Aleutian Islands was 78°F (26°C).

Answer: True

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The growing season in the Aleutian Islands lasts approximately 135 days, and potatoes are the sole cultivated crop.

Answer: True

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Sea otters are considered a keystone species in the Aleutian Islands due to their role in maintaining kelp forests by controlling sea urchin populations.

Answer: True

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The climate of the Aleutian Islands is characterized by extreme temperature variations between summer and winter.

Answer: False

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Summer temperatures in the Aleutian Islands are generally warmer than in Southeast Alaska.

Answer: False

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Unalaska Island and areas southwest of 53.5° N latitude and 167° W longitude experience a Subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc).

Answer: False

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The 'Aleutian Low' is a high-pressure system that forms over the Aleutian Islands during the summer months.

Answer: False

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The Aleutian Islands receive an average of about 80 inches (2,000 mm) of rainfall annually, classifying them among the driest regions in the U.S.

Answer: False

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The Aleutian Islands are characterized by dense forests of coniferous trees.

Answer: False

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What is the primary characteristic of the Aleutian Islands' climate?

Answer: Oceanic with moderate temperatures and frequent fog

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How do the summer temperatures of the Aleutian Islands compare to Southeast Alaska?

Answer: Considerably cooler

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What Köppen climate classification applies to Unalaska Island and areas southwest of 53.5° N latitude and 167° W longitude?

Answer: Subpolar Oceanic Climate (Cfc)

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What is the 'Aleutian Low'?

Answer: A semi-permanent low-pressure area that forms in winter

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What is the mean annual temperature in Unalaska?

Answer: 38°F (3°C)

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What is the only crop cultivated in the Aleutian Islands?

Answer: Potatoes

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What role do sea otters play in the Aleutian Islands' ecosystem?

Answer: They control sea urchin populations, helping kelp forests grow.

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Aleutian Islands: People and Culture

The Aleut language is classified as one of the two primary branches of the Eskimo–Aleut language family.

Answer: True

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Many anthropologists hypothesize that the Aleutian Islands served as a migration route for the initial human inhabitants of the Americas.

Answer: True

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The native name for the Aleutian Islands, Unangam Tanangin, translates to 'land of the Russians.'

Answer: False

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The Aleut language is classified as belonging to the Indo-European language family.

Answer: False

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Anthropologists hypothesize that the Aleutian Islands served as a migration route for the first human occupants of Asia.

Answer: False

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What is the native name for the Aleutian Islands, and what does it mean?

Answer: Unangam Tanangin, meaning 'land of the Aleuts'

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The Aleut language is classified as belonging to which language family?

Answer: Eskimo–Aleut

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What is the anthropological hypothesis regarding the Aleutian Islands' role in human migration?

Answer: They served as a migration route for the first human occupants of the Americas.

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What is the potential origin of the name 'Aleutian Islands' according to the source?

Answer: From the Chukchi word 'aliat' meaning 'island'

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Aleutian Islands: Historical Encounters and Administration

During World War II, Japanese forces occupied the Aleutian Islands of Attu and Kiska.

Answer: True

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Russian explorers, traders, and missionaries commenced their arrival in the Aleutian Islands starting in 1741.

Answer: True

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During their administration, the Russians adapted the Cyrillic alphabet for religious texts to aid in the preservation of the Aleut language.

Answer: True

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In 1778, Captain James Cook conducted a survey of the eastern sector of the Aleutian archipelago.

Answer: True

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Iliuliuk, also known as Unalaska, was the oldest settlement in the Aleutian Islands and featured a customs house and a Russian Orthodox church.

Answer: True

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The U.S. Congress extended American citizenship to all Native Americans in 1924.

Answer: True

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The U.S. conducted underground nuclear weapons tests on Amchitka Island, the most significant being the Cannikin event.

Answer: True

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The first Russian Orthodox missionaries arrived in the Aleutian Islands in 1778.

Answer: False

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The oldest settlement in the Aleutian Islands was Iliuliuk, also known as Unalaska, which featured a customs house and a Methodist mission.

Answer: False

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During the Japanese occupation, the U.S. relocated most of the civilian population to camps within the Aleutian Islands themselves for safety.

Answer: False

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The U.S. conducted underground tests of nuclear weapons on Amchitka Island, the largest being 'Starfish Prime'.

Answer: False

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During World War II, which islands in the Aleutian chain were occupied by Japanese forces?

Answer: Attu and Kiska

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When did Russian explorers, traders, and missionaries first begin arriving in the Aleutian Islands?

Answer: 1741

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Who led the Russian voyage of discovery in the Northern Pacific in 1741 that reported the islands were rich in fur-bearing animals?

Answer: Vitus Bering

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Who is revered as Saint Herman of Alaska for his defense of Aleut rights?

Answer: A monk named Herman

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What was the oldest settlement in the Aleutian Islands, and what key facility did it possess?

Answer: Iliuliuk (Unalaska); a Russian Orthodox church

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American citizenship was extended to all Native Americans, including those in Alaska, in what year?

Answer: 1924

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What was the largest underground nuclear explosion conducted by the U.S. on Amchitka Island?

Answer: Cannikin

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What event is commemorated by Dutch Harbor Remembrance Day?

Answer: A Japanese air attack in 1942

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What was the outcome of the U.S. invasion of Kiska in August 1943?

Answer: The Japanese had already evacuated the island undetected.

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What was the significance of Father Veniaminov's work in the Aleutian Islands?

Answer: He was a missionary who later became Bishop Innokentii and is now Saint Innocent of Alaska.

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Aleutian Islands: Modern Development and Economy

Fishing and the presence of the U.S. military constitute the primary economic bases for the Aleutian Islands today.

Answer: True

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The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act was enacted in 1971, and the Ounalashka Corporation issued its first dividend in 1977.

Answer: True

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The Aleutian Islands were designated a UNESCO biosphere reserve in 1976 but were subsequently withdrawn from the program in June 2017.

Answer: True

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The population of the Aleutian Islands increased by over 10% between the 2000 and 2020 U.S. Censuses.

Answer: False

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The Aleutian Islands were designated a UNESCO biosphere reserve in 1976 but were later reinstated into the program in 2017.

Answer: False

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What was the population of the Aleutian Islands according to the 2020 U.S. Census?

Answer: 7,152

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What is the primary economic basis for the Aleutian Islands today?

Answer: Fishing and U.S. military presence

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The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act was enacted in which year?

Answer: 1971

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