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Comte Louis-Joseph-Alexandre de Laborde was primarily recognized as a military strategist and a staunch monarchist politician.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source identifies Laborde as a prominent French antiquary, a liberal politician, and a prolific writer, not primarily a military strategist or staunch monarchist.
Laborde had two children named Léon and Valentine.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Alexandre de Laborde had two children, Valentine de Laborde and Léon de Laborde.
Which of the following roles does NOT accurately represent a primary professional identity of Comte Louis-Joseph-Alexandre de Laborde?
Answer: A renowned banker
Explanation: The source identifies Laborde as a prominent French antiquary, a liberal politician, and a prolific writer. His father was a renowned banker, but this was not Laborde's primary professional identity.
In which year was Alexandre de Laborde born?
Answer: 1773
Explanation: Alexandre de Laborde was born on September 17, 1773.
Identify the two children of Alexandre de Laborde.
Answer: Valentine and Léon
Explanation: Alexandre de Laborde had two children, Valentine de Laborde and Léon de Laborde.
Following his return to France, Laborde received protection from Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord and subsequently joined the French foreign office.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord protected Laborde upon his return to France, leading to his entry into the French foreign office.
The relationship between Laborde and Napoleon became strained following Laborde's marriage to Napoleon's sister, Pauline Bonaparte.
Answer: False
Explanation: The strain in Laborde's relationship with Napoleon arose when Lucien Bonaparte married Laborde's mistress, Alexandrine Jacob de Bleschamp, not from Laborde marrying Pauline Bonaparte.
Laborde's re-entry into the Napoleonic administration in 1808 was primarily motivated by a desire for increased political power.
Answer: False
Explanation: Laborde re-entered the Napoleonic administration in 1808 due to financial obligations to his family, not primarily a desire for political power.
The position of auditeur to the Conseil d'État, which Laborde held in 1808, was regarded as a senior role commensurate with his established prominence.
Answer: False
Explanation: The role of auditeur to the Conseil d'État was considered an initial training position for bureaucracy, not a high-level position suitable for Laborde's existing prominence.
Napoleon conferred upon Laborde the titles of chevalier of the Legion of Honour in 1809 and comte de l'Empire in 1810.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Napoleon made Laborde a chevalier of the Legion of Honour in 1809 and created him a comte de l'Empire on January 9, 1810.
Laborde's diplomatic mission to propose marriage to Archduchess Marie Louise for Napoleon was facilitated by his fluent command of Italian.
Answer: False
Explanation: Laborde's diplomatic mission was facilitated by his perfect command of German, not Italian.
In recognition of his diplomatic service, Laborde was awarded two diamond-adorned snuff-boxes and the cross of the Order of Saint Stephen by the Habsburg court.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Laborde received two diamond-adorned snuff-boxes and the cross of the Order of Saint Stephen from the Habsburg side for his diplomatic service.
Alexandre de Laborde was inducted into the Institut de France and appointed an officer of the Légion d'honneur in 1813.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Alexandre de Laborde was called to the Institut de France and made an officer of the Légion d'honneur in 1813.
Alexandre de Laborde held the position of mayor of Méréville during the years 1805 to 1814.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Alexandre de Laborde served as the mayor of Méréville from 1805 to 1814.
Upon his return to France, who assumed the role of Alexandre de Laborde's patron and protector?
Answer: Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord
Explanation: Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord took Laborde under his protection upon his return to France.
In which year did Laborde hold the position of attaché in Lucien Bonaparte's embassy to Madrid?
Answer: 1800
Explanation: In 1800, Laborde served as an attaché in Lucien Bonaparte's embassy to Madrid.
Identify the specific event that led to a prolonged estrangement in Laborde's relationship with Napoleon.
Answer: Lucien Bonaparte marrying Laborde's mistress, Alexandrine Jacob de Bleschamp.
Explanation: A long-lasting chill developed in Laborde's relations with Napoleon after Lucien Bonaparte married Laborde's mistress, Alexandrine Jacob de Bleschamp.
What primary factor influenced Alexandre de Laborde's decision to rejoin the Napoleonic administration in 1808?
Answer: To support his family due to financial obligations.
Explanation: Laborde re-entered the Napoleonic administration in 1808 due to financial obligations to his family.
On January 9, 1810, which specific honor did Napoleon confer upon Laborde?
Answer: Comte de l'Empire
Explanation: Napoleon created Laborde a comte de l'Empire on January 9, 1810.
Which language proficiency was instrumental in Laborde's diplomatic mission to arrange the marriage of Archduchess Marie Louise to Napoleon?
Answer: German
Explanation: Laborde's diplomatic mission was facilitated by his perfect command of German.
In which year was Alexandre de Laborde formally inducted into the Institut de France?
Answer: 1813
Explanation: Alexandre de Laborde was called to the Institut de France on January 29, 1813.
From 1805 to 1814, what local political position did Laborde occupy?
Answer: Mayor of Méréville
Explanation: Alexandre de Laborde served as the mayor of Méréville from 1805 to 1814.
During a period of 'enforced leisure,' Laborde authored two comprehensive works on Spain: the *Itinéraire descriptif de l'Espagne* and the *Voyage pittoresque et historique en Espagne*.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that during his 'enforced leisure,' Laborde produced both the *Itinéraire descriptif de l'Espagne* and the *Voyage pittoresque et historique en Espagne*.
The *Voyage pittoresque et historique en Espagne* proved to be a significant financial success for Laborde, owing to its widespread popularity.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the *Voyage pittoresque et historique en Espagne* was a significant financial drain on Laborde, not a success.
Laborde's *Itinéraire descriptif de l'Espagne* unexpectedly proved valuable during Napoleon's military campaign in Spain.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Laborde's *Itinéraire descriptif de l'Espagne* was unexpectedly useful during Napoleon's invasion of Spain.
Laborde's travels through Habsburg territories culminated in the publication of his work *Voyage pittoresque en Autriche* in 1821.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Laborde's tour of Habsburg lands provided the material for his *Voyage pittoresque en Autriche*, published in 1821.
Laborde's archaeological project to inventory France's heritage achieved immediate success and directly resulted in Prosper Mérimée's appointment.
Answer: False
Explanation: Laborde's archaeological initiative was initially fruitless due to official apathy, though it later served as a precedent for Mérimée's appointment.
Laborde gained recognition as the ghostwriter for several romantic works published under the name of Empress Joséphine.
Answer: False
Explanation: Laborde was known as the ghostwriter for several romances that appeared under the name of Queen Hortense, not Empress Joséphine.
The central theme of Laborde's publications concerning Spain was the promotion of a romanticized perspective of the nation.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that the overarching theme of Laborde's publications concerning Spain was to diffuse a realistic view of the picturesque country throughout Europe, often imbued with the interpretations of Romanticism.
Which of Laborde's literary contributions concerning Spain, notable for its approximately nine hundred engravings, incurred substantial financial costs?
Answer: *Voyage pittoresque et historique en Espagne*
Explanation: The *Voyage pittoresque et historique en Espagne*, featuring some nine hundred engravings, proved to be a significant drain on Laborde's finances.
During the Napoleonic era, what unexpected practical application did Laborde's *Itinéraire descriptif de l'Espagne* find?
Answer: It proved unexpectedly useful in Napoleon's invasion of Spain.
Explanation: Laborde's *Itinéraire descriptif de l'Espagne* proved unexpectedly useful in Napoleon's invasion of Spain.
Which significant literary work emerged from Laborde's extensive travels through Habsburg territories?
Answer: *Voyage pittoresque en Autriche*
Explanation: Laborde's tour of Habsburg lands provided the material for his *Voyage pittoresque en Autriche*.
Laborde's archaeological initiative to inventory France's heritage established a precedent for the 1834 appointment of which individual?
Answer: Prosper Mérimée
Explanation: Laborde's archaeological project served as a precedent for the appointment of Prosper Mérimée as inspector-general of historical monuments in 1834.
Laborde is recognized as the ghostwriter for several romantic literary works attributed to which historical figure?
Answer: Queen Hortense
Explanation: Laborde is known as the ghostwriter of several romances that appeared under the name of Queen Hortense.
What was the dominant thematic focus of Laborde's published works pertaining to Spain?
Answer: To promote a realistic, picturesque view of the country, often imbued with Romanticism.
Explanation: The overarching theme of Laborde's publications concerning Spain was to diffuse a realistic view of the picturesque country throughout Europe, often imbued with the interpretations of Romanticism.
From the following options, identify the work that is NOT enumerated as a major publication by Alexandre de Laborde.
Answer: *The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire*
Explanation: The source lists *Description d’un pavé en mosaïque découvert dans l’ancienne ville d’Italica*, *Voyage historique et pittoresque en Espagne*, and *Versailles, ancien et moderne* as major works by Laborde, but not *The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire*.
In his capacity as Maître des requêtes, Laborde was appointed to lead the service of bridges and highways for the département de la Seine in 1812.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that as Maître des requêtes, Laborde was placed at the head of the service of bridges and highways for the département de la Seine in 1812.
Laborde proposed urban enhancements for Paris, including public baths, stone sidewalks, and fire stations, which were subsequently implemented.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Laborde made several suggestions for practical improvements in Paris, including public baths, stone sidewalks, and fire stations, which were later implemented.
In 1812, as Maître des requêtes, Laborde was appointed to lead which specific public service?
Answer: The service of bridges and highways for the département de la Seine
Explanation: As Maître des requêtes, Laborde was placed at the head of the service of bridges and highways for the département de la Seine in 1812.
Among the following, which urban improvements did Laborde propose for the city of Paris?
Answer: Public baths and stone sidewalks
Explanation: Laborde suggested public baths and stone sidewalks as practical improvements for Paris.
During the Hundred Days, Laborde provided active support for Napoleon's reassertion of power.
Answer: False
Explanation: During the Hundred Days, Laborde did not rally to Napoleon but instead spent the time in England.
During the Restoration, Louis XVIII appointed Laborde as colonel d'état-major and conferred upon him the title of chevalier of the Order of Saint-Louis.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Louis XVIII appointed Laborde as colonel d'état-major and chevalier of the Order of Saint-Louis during the Restoration.
Laborde was appointed to the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres in 1820.
Answer: False
Explanation: Laborde was named to the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres on March 21, 1816, not in 1820.
Laborde's opposition to the restoration of Ferdinand VII to the Spanish throne in 1823 resulted in a four-year period of travel.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Laborde notably opposed the reinstallation of Ferdinand VII to the throne of Spain in 1823, and this opposition eventually provided him with the leisure to undertake a four-year tour.
Following his period of political opposition, Laborde embarked on a tour of Italy, Greece, Turkey, Palestine, and Egypt accompanied by his daughter, Valentine.
Answer: False
Explanation: Laborde undertook this tour with his son, Léon de Laborde, not his daughter Valentine.
During the Revolution of 1830, Laborde aligned with Louis Philippe I and assumed various positions, including Préfet of the Seine.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that as a supporter of Louis Philippe I during the Revolution of 1830, Laborde served as Député, Préfet of the Seine, a general in the Garde nationale, and an aide-de-camp to the king.
Louis Philippe I appointed Laborde as an ambassador to England.
Answer: False
Explanation: Louis Philippe I sent Laborde to Spain as an ambassador, not England.
By the conclusion of his life, Alexandre de Laborde had substantially augmented his inherited wealth.
Answer: False
Explanation: By the time of his death, Alexandre de Laborde had spent most of the wealth inherited from his father, leaving him with little money.
Alexandre de Laborde held the position of Grand Master of the Grand Orient de France from 1835 to 1842.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Alexandre Louis Joseph, comte de Laborde, served as Grand Master of the Grand Orient de France from 1835 to 1842.
In his capacity as adjutant-major of the Garde Nationale, Laborde orchestrated the surrender of the Tuileries to the French forces in 1814.
Answer: False
Explanation: As adjutant-major of the Garde Nationale, Laborde arranged the surrender of the Garde Nationale to the Russian encampment, not to French forces.
In 1814, what specific function did Laborde perform concerning the surrender of the Tuileries?
Answer: He arranged the surrender of the Garde Nationale to the Russian encampment.
Explanation: As adjutant-major of the Garde Nationale, Laborde was tasked with arranging the surrender of the Garde Nationale to the Russian encampment on the night of March 31, 1814.
What was Laborde's engagement during the period known as the Hundred Days?
Answer: He spent the time in England.
Explanation: During the Hundred Days, Laborde did not rally to Napoleon but instead spent the time in England.
Under Louis XVIII during the Restoration, which hereditary title did Laborde reclaim?
Answer: Marquis de Laborde
Explanation: During the Restoration, Laborde reassumed the title of Marquis de Laborde.
In which year was Laborde appointed to the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres?
Answer: 1816
Explanation: Laborde was named to the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres on March 21, 1816.
What was the personal consequence for Laborde following his opposition to the restoration of Ferdinand VII to the Spanish throne in 1823?
Answer: A four-year tour of various countries
Explanation: Laborde's opposition to the reinstallation of Ferdinand VII to the throne of Spain in 1823 provided him with the leisure to undertake a four-year tour.
During the Revolution of 1830, Laborde held the position of aide-de-camp to which monarch?
Answer: Louis Philippe I
Explanation: As a supporter of Louis Philippe I during the Revolution of 1830, Laborde served as an aide-de-camp to the king.
Which ambassadorial role was conferred upon Laborde by Louis Philippe I?
Answer: Ambassador to Spain
Explanation: Louis Philippe I sent Laborde to Spain as an ambassador.
At the time of his death, what was the financial condition of Alexandre de Laborde?
Answer: He had spent most of his inherited wealth, leaving him with little money.
Explanation: By the time of his death, Alexandre de Laborde had spent most of the wealth inherited from his father, leaving him with little money.
Alexandre Louis Joseph, comte de Laborde, occupied a significant leadership position within which notable Masonic obedience?
Answer: Grand Orient de France
Explanation: Alexandre Louis Joseph, comte de Laborde, served as a Grand Master of the Grand Orient de France.