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Andermatt is situated within the canton of Valais, Switzerland.
Answer: False
Explanation: Andermatt is located in the canton of Uri, Switzerland, not Valais.
Andermatt is situated at an approximate elevation of 1,437 feet above sea level.
Answer: False
Explanation: Andermatt is located at an elevation of 1,437 meters (4,715 feet) above sea level.
Andermatt serves as a central point for east-west routes but not for north-south traverses across Switzerland.
Answer: False
Explanation: Andermatt is historically significant as a central crossroad for both north-south and east-west traverses across Switzerland.
Andermatt is located approximately 28 kilometers south of Altdorf, the capital of Uri.
Answer: True
Explanation: Andermatt is situated approximately 28 kilometers (17 miles) south of Altdorf, which is the capital of the canton of Uri.
The Reuss river originates in the Urseren valley, where Andermatt is situated.
Answer: True
Explanation: Andermatt is located in the Urseren valley, which is the headwaters of the Reuss river.
Andermatt is surrounded by the Bernese Alps within the Urseren valley.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Urseren valley, where Andermatt is located, is surrounded by the Adula Alps.
The Urseren valley is connected by three major Alpine passes: the Oberalp Pass, the St Gotthard Pass, and the Susten Pass.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Urseren valley is connected by the Oberalp Pass, the St Gotthard Pass, and the Furka Pass, not the Susten Pass.
What is the primary geographical feature that defines Andermatt's location and historical significance?
Answer: A valley at the center of the Saint-Gotthard Massif.
Explanation: Andermatt's location in the Urseren valley, at the heart of the Saint-Gotthard Massif, is central to its geographical significance and historical role as a transport crossroad.
Which river has its headwaters originating in the valley where Andermatt is located?
Answer: The Reuss River
Explanation: The Reuss River originates in the Urseren valley, the same valley where Andermatt is situated.
Andermatt is strategically positioned connecting which two directions of travel across Switzerland?
Answer: North-South and West-East
Explanation: Andermatt's location makes it a crucial crossroads, connecting north-south routes with east-west routes across Switzerland.
Which of the following is NOT one of the three major Alpine passes connecting the Urseren valley?
Answer: Susten Pass
Explanation: The three major Alpine passes connecting the Urseren valley are the Oberalp Pass, the St Gotthard Pass, and the Furka Pass. The Susten Pass is not one of them.
The Schöllenen Gorge, north of Andermatt, has been integral to the Gotthard route since approximately 1300 AD.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Schöllenen Gorge has been part of the Gotthard route since around 1200 AD.
Archaeological evidence indicates that the Urseren valley experienced its initial population settlement around 4000 BC, during the Bronze Age.
Answer: False
Explanation: Archaeological finds suggest the Urseren valley was populated as early as 4000 BC, during the Neolithic period, not the Bronze Age.
Alemannic tribes, specifically the Walsers, are credited with later settlement in the area of modern Andermatt.
Answer: True
Explanation: Later settlement in the area of modern Andermatt is attributed to Alemannic tribes, particularly the Walsers.
The parish of Andermatt received its first mention in historical records in 1103, and its ecclesiastical rights were vested in the Benedictine Einsiedeln Abbey.
Answer: False
Explanation: The parish of Andermatt was first mentioned in 1203 and was under the ecclesiastical rights of the Benedictine Disentis Abbey.
During the Flight of the Earls, Irish earls lost a fortune in gold at the Devil's Bridge on St Patrick's Day in 1608.
Answer: True
Explanation: During the Flight of the Earls, Irish earls lost a fortune in gold at the Devil's Bridge on St Patrick's Day in 1608, an event known as the Lost Treasure of the St Gotthard Pass.
A memorial near the Schöllenen Gorge commemorates the 1799 campaign of the Russian general Alexander Suvorov.
Answer: True
Explanation: A memorial near the Schöllenen Gorge commemorates the 1799 campaign of Russian general Alexander Suvorov.
The improvement of the St Gotthard Pass between 1818 and 1831 led to Andermatt becoming a popular spa town.
Answer: True
Explanation: The improvement of the St Gotthard Pass for stagecoach traffic between 1818 and 1831 significantly boosted Andermatt's economy, transforming it into a popular spa town.
Andermatt has served as a garrison town for the Swiss Federal Army since 1885.
Answer: True
Explanation: Andermatt has functioned as a garrison town for the Swiss Federal Army since 1885.
What historical event is associated with Irish earls losing a fortune near the Devil's Bridge in 1608?
Answer: The Flight of the Earls
Explanation: The loss of fortune by Irish earls at the Devil's Bridge in 1608 is linked to the historical event known as the Flight of the Earls.
The improvement of the St Gotthard Pass between 1818 and 1831 had what effect on Andermatt?
Answer: It made the village a popular spa town due to increased stagecoach traffic.
Explanation: The enhancement of the St Gotthard Pass for stagecoach travel between 1818 and 1831 significantly boosted Andermatt's economy, establishing it as a popular spa town.
Since when has Andermatt been recognized as a garrison town for the Swiss Federal Army?
Answer: 1885
Explanation: Andermatt has served as a garrison town for the Swiss Federal Army since the year 1885.
The Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn (MGB) connects Andermatt to Brig and Visp in Valais.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn (MGB) operates the railway station in Andermatt and connects it to Brig and Visp in Valais, as well as Disentis/Mustér in Grisons.
The opening of the St Gotthard railway tunnel in 1881 benefited Andermatt by increasing stagecoach traffic.
Answer: False
Explanation: The opening of the St Gotthard railway tunnel in 1881 bypassed Andermatt, leading to a decline in stagecoach traffic and negatively impacting the village's economy.
Andermatt is now part of the interconnected Skiarena Andermatt-Sedrun, serviced by the Glacier Express.
Answer: True
Explanation: Andermatt is integrated into the Skiarena Andermatt-Sedrun, an all-season resort area connected by the Glacier Express train.
The Nätschen ski area is located on the southern side of Andermatt.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Nätschen ski area is situated on the northeast side of Andermatt, while Gemsstock is on the southern side.
The Schöllenen Gorge, significant for Andermatt's transport history, is located where relative to the village?
Answer: North of Andermatt
Explanation: The Schöllenen Gorge is located to the north of Andermatt and is a crucial part of the route connecting the village to Göschenen.
Which railway company operates the station in Andermatt, connecting it to regions like Valais and Grisons?
Answer: Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn (MGB)
Explanation: The Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn (MGB) is the railway company operating the station in Andermatt, providing connections to Valais and Grisons.
What major infrastructure project in 1881 negatively impacted Andermatt's economic prosperity?
Answer: The opening of the St Gotthard railway tunnel.
Explanation: The completion of the St Gotthard railway tunnel in 1881 bypassed Andermatt, causing a decline in its previously thriving stagecoach-related economy.
Andermatt is currently part of which interconnected, all-season resort area?
Answer: Andermatt-Sedrun-Disentis
Explanation: Andermatt is now integrated into the Skiarena Andermatt-Sedrun, an interconnected all-season resort area.
Andermatt's mountains are particularly noted for which skiing characteristic?
Answer: Off-piste skiing and deep snow.
Explanation: The mountains surrounding Andermatt are highly regarded for their off-piste skiing opportunities and abundant deep snow conditions.
The Aurora gas station, featured in a James Bond film, is located near which mountain in Andermatt?
Answer: Gemsstock
Explanation: The Aurora gas station, which appeared in the James Bond film Goldfinger, is situated near the Gemsstock mountain.
Agriculture constitutes the largest portion of land use in Andermatt, covering over 50% of its area.
Answer: False
Explanation: Agriculture covers 40.8% of Andermatt's area; the largest portion, 52%, is classified as non-productive land.
In 1946, locals fiercely resisted plans to build reservoirs in the Urseren valley, which were subsequently constructed.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 1946, locals fiercely resisted plans for reservoirs in the Urseren valley, leading to the project's abandonment.
By the 1930s, Andermatt's tourism income had seriously declined, leading to the abandonment of many hotels.
Answer: True
Explanation: By the 1930s, Andermatt's tourism income had experienced a significant decline, resulting in the abandonment or repurposing of numerous hotels.
The tertiary economic sector employed the most people in Andermatt in 2005.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 2005, the tertiary sector was the largest employer in Andermatt, engaging 599 individuals.
Andermatt is exempt from Switzerland's Lex Koller restrictions, which typically require special authorization for foreign real estate purchases.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Andermatt Swiss Alps development project benefits from an exemption to Switzerland's Lex Koller law, allowing foreign nationals to purchase real estate without special authorization.
The Andermatt Swiss Alps development project is led by Urs Kessler and is valued at SFr1.8 billion.
Answer: False
Explanation: The SFr1.8 billion Andermatt Swiss Alps development project is led by Samih Sawiris, not Urs Kessler.
According to the source, what percentage of Andermatt's total area is classified as non-productive land?
Answer: 52.0%
Explanation: Non-productive land accounts for 52.0% of Andermatt's total municipal area.
What was the local reaction in 1946 to plans for building reservoirs in the Urseren valley?
Answer: Fierce resistance from locals.
Explanation: In 1946, the local population expressed fierce resistance to the proposed construction of reservoirs in the Urseren valley, ultimately leading to the project's cancellation.
How did Andermatt's tourism industry fare by the 1930s?
Answer: It experienced a serious decline, leading to abandoned hotels.
Explanation: By the 1930s, Andermatt's tourism sector had suffered a considerable decline, resulting in many hotels falling into disuse or being repurposed.
Which economic sector employed the largest number of people in Andermatt in 2005?
Answer: Tertiary sector (Services, Tourism)
Explanation: The tertiary sector, encompassing services and tourism, was the largest employer in Andermatt in 2005, with 599 individuals employed.
The development project in Andermatt benefits from an exemption related to which Swiss law concerning property ownership?
Answer: Lex Koller
Explanation: The Andermatt Swiss Alps development project is exempt from Switzerland's Lex Koller law, which normally imposes restrictions on foreign real estate purchases.
Who is the primary investor leading the SFr1.8 billion Andermatt Swiss Alps development project?
Answer: Samih Sawiris
Explanation: The SFr1.8 billion Andermatt Swiss Alps development project is spearheaded by investor Samih Sawiris.
Who is Bernhard Russi, mentioned in the source material?
Answer: A ski champion and Winter Olympics gold medalist.
Explanation: Bernhard Russi is identified as a distinguished ski champion and a gold medalist from the Winter Olympics.
What was tested on the hills of Nätschen in Andermatt in a 2012 episode of The Gadget Show?
Answer: Electric bicycles and scooters.
Explanation: In a 2012 episode of 'The Gadget Show,' electric bicycles and scooters were tested on the hills of Nätschen in Andermatt.
The development project in Andermatt allows foreign buyers to purchase real estate without special authorization until what year?
Answer: 2040
Explanation: Foreign buyers can purchase real estate in Andermatt without special authorization under the development project until the year 2040.
What is notable about Andermatt's concert hall?
Answer: It was the first purpose-built arts venue in an Alpine village, funded by Samih Sawiris.
Explanation: Andermatt's concert hall holds the distinction of being the first purpose-built arts venue in an Alpine village, financed by Samih Sawiris.
Avalanches in the winters of 1951 and 1975 caused significant damage and fatalities in Andermatt's residential areas.
Answer: True
Explanation: Several avalanches, notably in the winters of 1951 and 1975, caused considerable damage and fatalities within Andermatt's residential areas.
As of December 31, 2020, Andermatt's population was approximately 1,800 residents.
Answer: False
Explanation: As of December 31, 2020, the population of Andermatt was recorded as 1,527 residents.
German is the primary language spoken in Andermatt, used by over 95% of the population.
Answer: True
Explanation: German is the predominant language in Andermatt, spoken by 95.2% of the population.
According to the Köppen classification, Andermatt has a temperate oceanic climate (Cfb).
Answer: False
Explanation: Andermatt's climate is classified as subarctic (Dfc) according to the Köppen classification system.
December and January are the months with the highest average snowfall in Andermatt.
Answer: True
Explanation: Andermatt typically receives its highest average snowfall amounts in December (112.2 cm) and January (106.4 cm).
Which natural events significantly impacted Andermatt in the winters of 1951 and 1975?
Answer: Avalanches
Explanation: Significant damage and fatalities occurred in Andermatt's residential areas due to avalanches during the winters of 1951 and 1975.
What was the population of Andermatt as of December 31, 2020?
Answer: 1,527
Explanation: The population of Andermatt was recorded as 1,527 residents as of December 31, 2020.
What percentage of Andermatt's population spoke German as their primary language in 2007?
Answer: 95.2%
Explanation: In 2007, 95.2% of Andermatt's population identified German as their primary language.
What is the Köppen climate classification for Andermatt?
Answer: Dfc (Subarctic climate)
Explanation: Andermatt's climate is classified as Dfc, indicating a subarctic climate, according to the Köppen classification system.
Which month typically experiences the highest number of rainy days in Andermatt?
Answer: June
Explanation: June typically records the highest number of days with precipitation in Andermatt, averaging 13.2 days.
What is the average daily minimum temperature in Andermatt during January?
Answer: -8.1°C (17.4°F)
Explanation: The average daily minimum temperature in Andermatt during January is -8.1°C (17.4°F).
What is the average annual snowfall in Andermatt, according to the source?
Answer: 611.7 cm (240.8 inches)
Explanation: Andermatt receives an average annual snowfall of 611.7 cm (240.8 inches).