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The current currency of Argentina, the peso, was established in 1992, replacing the austral at a rate of 10,000 australes to 1 peso.
Answer: True
Explanation: The peso was established in 1992, succeeding the austral. The correct conversion rate was 10,000 australes to 1 peso.
Before the current peso established in 1992, Argentina used only one other currency named 'peso' in its history.
Answer: False
Explanation: Argentina has utilized several currencies named 'peso' throughout its history, including the peso fuerte, peso moneda nacional, peso ley, and peso argentino, prior to the establishment of the current peso in 1992.
The peso moneda nacional (m$n) was established in 1881 to replace earlier currencies like the peso fuerte.
Answer: True
Explanation: The peso moneda nacional (m$n) was indeed established in 1881, serving to replace earlier currencies such as the peso fuerte and contributing to monetary standardization.
What is the current currency of Argentina, established in 1992?
Answer: The Peso
Explanation: The current currency of Argentina, established in 1992, is the peso.
Which historical currency was directly replaced by the Argentine peso in 1992?
Answer: Austral
Explanation: The Argentine peso, established in 1992, directly replaced the austral, which had suffered from hyperinflation.
Which of the following was a historical currency preceding the 1992 peso?
Answer: Austral
Explanation: The Austral was a significant currency that preceded the current Argentine peso, having been in circulation before the 1992 monetary reform.
The peso oro sellado was established as Argentina's monetary unit in which year?
Answer: 1881
Explanation: The peso oro sellado was established as Argentina's monetary unit by law in 1881.
What does the term 'monetary anarchism' refer to in Argentina's currency history?
Answer: The era before 1881 characterized by a lack of a stable, unified monetary system.
Explanation: 'Monetary anarchism' describes the period in Argentina prior to 1881, marked by a lack of a stable, unified monetary system with various unregulated currencies circulating.
Which of the following was a historical currency preceding the 1992 peso?
Answer: Peso Sterling
Explanation: While Peso Fuerte, Peso Ley, and Austral were historical currencies preceding the 1992 peso, Peso Sterling is not identified as such in the provided context.
The Convertibility plan of 1992 pegged the Argentine peso to the Euro at a fixed rate.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Convertibility plan of 1992 established a fixed exchange rate of 1 peso to 1 U.S. dollar, not the Euro.
Argentina abandoned the fixed exchange rate of 1 peso to 1 U.S. dollar in January 2002.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Convertibility plan, which maintained a fixed 1:1 exchange rate between the peso and the U.S. dollar, was officially abandoned in January 2002.
Following the abandonment of the fixed exchange rate in 2002, the Argentine peso significantly appreciated against the U.S. dollar.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following the abandonment of the fixed exchange rate in 2002, the Argentine peso significantly depreciated against the U.S. dollar, reaching a peak of four pesos per dollar.
The legend 'Convertibles de curso legal' was removed from banknotes after 2002 to signify the end of the fixed exchange rate policy.
Answer: True
Explanation: The removal of the legend 'Convertibles de curso legal' from banknotes after 2002 marked the official end of the fixed exchange rate policy and the peso's convertibility to the U.S. dollar.
What was the official exchange rate established by the Convertibility plan in 1992?
Answer: 1 Peso = 1 U.S. Dollar
Explanation: The Convertibility plan of 1992 pegged the Argentine peso to the U.S. dollar at a fixed rate of 1 peso per 1 U.S. dollar.
In what year was the fixed exchange rate system (Convertibility plan) abandoned?
Answer: 2002
Explanation: The fixed exchange rate system established by the Convertibility plan was abandoned in January 2002, following a severe economic crisis.
What was a consequence of the Argentine peso's devaluation after the fixed exchange rate was abandoned in 2002?
Answer: An export boom
Explanation: The devaluation of the peso following the abandonment of the fixed exchange rate in 2002 led to a significant increase in exports, commonly referred to as an export boom.
What does the phrase 'Convertibles de curso legal' on early peso banknotes signify?
Answer: The banknotes were fixed to the U.S. dollar and backed by reserves.
Explanation: The phrase 'Convertibles de curso legal' on early peso banknotes indicated that they were legally convertible and fixed to the U.S. dollar, backed by equivalent reserves held by the Central Bank.
What was the primary goal of the Convertibility plan introduced in 1992?
Answer: To combat severe inflation by pegging the peso to the U.S. dollar.
Explanation: The primary objective of the Convertibility plan, implemented in 1992, was to combat severe inflation by pegging the Argentine peso to the U.S. dollar at a fixed rate.
The Central Bank of Argentina intervened after 2002 by issuing pesos and buying U.S. dollars to manage the peso's value.
Answer: True
Explanation: To manage the peso's value and prevent excessive depreciation, the Central Bank intervened by issuing pesos and purchasing U.S. dollars. This action aimed to support export competitiveness and domestic industries.
The 'blue dollar' refers to the official exchange rate set by the Argentine government.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'blue dollar' is the colloquial term for the unregulated, parallel exchange rate in Argentina, distinct from the official government-set rate.
In August 2023, the parallel 'blue' exchange rate for the Argentine peso was significantly lower (more pesos per dollar) than the official rate.
Answer: True
Explanation: In August 2023, the parallel 'blue' rate represented more pesos per U.S. dollar compared to the official rate, indicating a lower market value for the peso.
A significant devaluation occurred in December 2023, setting the official exchange rate at 800 pesos to the U.S. dollar.
Answer: True
Explanation: In December 2023, a substantial devaluation was implemented, adjusting the official exchange rate to approximately 800 pesos per U.S. dollar.
Argentina's peso began operating within a currency band of 1000 to 1400 pesos per U.S. dollar starting in April 2025.
Answer: True
Explanation: As part of economic policy adjustments, Argentina's peso commenced operation within a currency band of 1000 to 1400 pesos per U.S. dollar in April 2025.
The 'foreign tourist dollar' rate aimed to provide tourists with a less favorable exchange rate to discourage spending.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'foreign tourist dollar' rate was implemented to offer tourists a more favorable exchange rate, thereby encouraging spending and boosting tourism.
What is the 'blue dollar'?
Answer: The colloquial term for the unregulated, parallel exchange rate.
Explanation: The 'blue dollar' is the informal name given to the parallel, unregulated exchange rate market that operates alongside the official exchange rate in Argentina.
What was the purpose of the 'foreign tourist dollar' rate?
Answer: To offer tourists a better exchange rate for card transactions and boost tourism.
Explanation: The 'foreign tourist dollar' rate was designed to provide tourists with a more advantageous exchange rate for card transactions, thereby stimulating tourism and encouraging spending within the country.
What action did the Central Bank take to manage the peso's value after 2002, according to the source?
Answer: Issued pesos and bought U.S. dollars.
Explanation: After 2002, the Central Bank intervened in the market by issuing pesos and purchasing U.S. dollars to manage the peso's exchange rate.
On August 14, 2023, what was the approximate value of the 'blue dollar' compared to the official exchange rate?
Answer: The blue dollar was nearly double the official rate, around 665 pesos per USD.
Explanation: On August 14, 2023, the 'blue dollar' rate was approximately 665 pesos per U.S. dollar, nearly double the official rate of around 350 pesos per U.S. dollar.
The ISO 4217 code for the Argentine peso is ARS, and it is commonly identified by the symbol '$'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The ISO 4217 code for the Argentine peso is indeed ARS, and the symbol '$' is commonly used for its identification within Argentina.
The first series of circulating coins issued with the Argentine peso in 1992 included denominations up to 1 peso.
Answer: False
Explanation: The initial series of coins issued in 1992 included denominations of 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 centavos. The 1 peso coin was introduced later, in 1994.
The second series of circulating coins, issued from 2017, features native flora on the obverse.
Answer: True
Explanation: The second series of circulating coins, introduced in 2017, indeed features native flora on the obverse side.
The 2-peso coin issued in 2007 commemorates the 50th anniversary of the Malvinas War.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 2-peso coin issued in 2007 commemorates the 25th anniversary of the Malvinas War, not the 50th.
The first series of peso convertible banknotes issued in 1992 featured historical figures like San Martín and Belgrano.
Answer: True
Explanation: The initial series of peso convertible banknotes, introduced in 1992, prominently featured historical figures such as José de San Martín and Manuel Belgrano.
The fourth series of Argentine banknotes, introduced in 2016, is themed 'Native Fauna of Argentina'.
Answer: True
Explanation: Introduced in 2016, the fourth series of Argentine banknotes is indeed themed 'Native Fauna of Argentina', showcasing the country's diverse wildlife.
The 'Native Fauna' banknote series includes a Jaguar depicted in the Andes mountains.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Jaguar depicted on the 'Native Fauna' banknote series is shown in the Yungas region, not the Andes mountains.
The fifth series of Argentine banknotes, announced in 2022, focuses on the theme 'Heroines and heroes of our history'.
Answer: True
Explanation: Announced in 2022, the fifth series of Argentine banknotes centers on the theme 'Heroines and heroes of our history'.
The 2,000-peso note issued in May 2023 features the Malbrán Institute and pioneering doctors.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 2,000-peso note, issued in May 2023, commemorates advancements in microbiology and healthcare, featuring the Malbrán Institute and pioneering medical figures.
Argentina planned to issue 10,000-peso and 20,000-peso notes by June 2024.
Answer: True
Explanation: By June 2024, Argentina had announced plans to issue 10,000-peso and 20,000-peso notes.
In early 2024, the 10, 20, and 50 peso denominations were the most frequently used banknotes due to high inflation.
Answer: False
Explanation: Due to high inflation in early 2024, the most frequently used banknotes were the higher denominations, such as 1,000, 2,000, and 10,000 pesos, not the smaller ones like 10, 20, and 50.
The 50-centavo coin issued in 1997 commemorates the 25th anniversary of women's suffrage in Argentina.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 50-centavo coin issued in 1997 commemorates the 50th anniversary of Eva Perón's death and the achievement of women's suffrage in Argentina, not the 25th anniversary.
The 2-peso banknote was withdrawn from circulation and replaced by a coin in 2020.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 2-peso banknote was withdrawn from circulation in 2018, while the 5-peso banknote was withdrawn in 2020 and replaced by a coin.
Which of the following figures was NOT featured on the first series of peso convertible banknotes issued in 1992?
Answer: Eva Perón
Explanation: Eva Perón was not featured on the first series of peso convertible banknotes issued in 1992. Historical figures like San Martín and Belgrano were included in that series.
What is the theme of the fourth series of Argentine banknotes introduced in 2016?
Answer: Native Fauna of Argentina
Explanation: The fourth series of Argentine banknotes, introduced in 2016, is themed 'Native Fauna of Argentina', celebrating the country's wildlife.
Which animal is featured on the 50-peso note of the 'Native Fauna of Argentina' series?
Answer: Andean Condor
Explanation: The 50-peso note within the 'Native Fauna of Argentina' series features the Andean Condor.
What does the phrase 'Tenemos Patria' signify in the context of the 2013 banknote series?
Answer: National Pride and Identity
Explanation: 'Tenemos Patria,' meaning 'We have a country,' signifies national pride and identity within the context of the 2013 banknote series.
The 2,000-peso note issued in May 2023 commemorates advancements in which field?
Answer: Microbiology and Healthcare
Explanation: The 2,000-peso note issued in May 2023 celebrates advancements in microbiology and healthcare, featuring related institutions and figures.
Which peso banknotes were withdrawn from circulation and replaced by coins in February 2020?
Answer: 5-peso banknotes
Explanation: The 5-peso banknotes were withdrawn from circulation in February 2020 and subsequently replaced by coins of the same denomination.
What images are featured on the reverse side of the second series of circulating coins issued from 2017?
Answer: The national flower, the Ceibo
Explanation: The reverse side of the second series of circulating coins, issued from 2017, features the national flower of Argentina, the Ceibo.
Which historical event is commemorated on the 1-peso coin issued in 1998?
Answer: The establishment of Mercosur
Explanation: The 1-peso coin issued in 1998 commemorates the establishment of Mercosur, the Southern Common Market.
The 100-peso banknote featuring Eva Perón, released in 2012, had a design based on:
Answer: A banknote planned after her death but never issued.
Explanation: The design for the 100-peso banknote featuring Eva Perón, released in 2012, was based on a banknote that had been planned after her death but was never issued at that time.
The initial monthly devaluation target for the peso after December 2023 was set at 5%.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following the December 2023 devaluation, the initial monthly devaluation target for the peso was set at 2%, not 5%. This target was subsequently adjusted.
The 'soybean dollar' was a special exchange rate designed to encourage the export of corn.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'soybean dollar' was a special exchange rate specifically designed to incentivize the export of soybeans, not corn.
What was the initial monthly devaluation target for the peso after the December 2023 devaluation, later adjusted to 1%?
Answer: 2%
Explanation: The initial monthly devaluation target set after the December 2023 devaluation was 2%, which was later adjusted to 1%.