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The earliest confirmed evidence of Armenian presence in Myanmar is a tombstone dated to the early 18th century.
Answer: True
Explanation: The earliest confirmed evidence of Armenian presence in Myanmar is a tombstone dated to the early 18th century.
The initial arrival of Armenians in Myanmar occurred in the 18th century, with primary settlement in Yangon.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that the first Armenians arrived in Burma in 1612 and initially settled in Syriam, not Yangon in the 18th century.
What was the year of the first Armenian arrival in Burma (Myanmar), and in which location did they initially establish settlements?
Answer: 1612 in Syriam
Explanation: The first Armenians arrived in Burma in 1612, establishing their initial settlements in Syriam, a port town near modern-day Yangon.
What evidence indicates the historical presence of Armenians in Myanmar dating back to the 18th century?
Answer: An Armenian tombstone dated 1725
Explanation: An Armenian tombstone discovered in Myanmar, dating back to 1725, serves as the earliest known artifact providing evidence of the community's presence.
The Armenian Apostolic Church is the predominant religion among Armenians in Myanmar.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Armenian Apostolic Church is identified as the predominant religion practiced by the Armenian community in Myanmar.
The land for the Armenian church in Yangon was purchased by the community in 1862.
Answer: False
Explanation: The land for the Armenian church in Yangon was a gift from the King of Burma, not purchased by the community in 1862.
Armenians were primarily found in the Tanintharyi Region and Arakan (Rakhine State) during their settlement in Myanmar.
Answer: True
Explanation: Historical settlement patterns indicate that Armenians were primarily concentrated in the Tanintharyi Region and Arakan (Rakhine State) within Myanmar.
The 1871-1872 Census of British India recorded over 1,500 Armenians, primarily in Burma.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 1871-1872 Census of British India recorded 1,250 Armenians, with the majority concentrated in Kolkata, Dhaka, and Yangon, not over 1,500 primarily in Burma.
Armenian traders held official positions under Burmese kings, managing customs duties.
Answer: True
Explanation: Major Armenian traders served as officials employed by the Burmese kings, specifically tasked with managing customs duties and foreign relations.
The British annexation of Arakan and Tenasserim in 1826 led to the decline of the Armenian community in those areas.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Armenian community successfully navigated the First Burmese War and the subsequent British annexation of Arakan and Tenasserim in 1826, continuing their activities in the region.
Armenian merchants were accused by the British of being pro-British after the conquest of Lower Burma in 1852.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following the British conquest of Lower Burma in 1852, Armenian merchants were accused by the British of being anti-British and pro-Russian, not pro-British.
The Armenian community in Yangon built their church before the British annexation of Lower Burma.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Armenian church in Yangon was built in 1862, which was after the British annexation of Lower Burma in 1852.
Which two regions in Myanmar are noted for having significant Armenian populations?
Answer: Arakan (Rakhine State) and Tanintharyi Region
Explanation: Historically, significant Armenian populations were concentrated in the Arakan (Rakhine State) and the Tanintharyi Region of Myanmar.
How did the British conquest of Lower Burma in 1852 affect the perception of Armenian merchants?
Answer: They faced accusations of being anti-British and pro-Russian.
Explanation: Following the British conquest of Lower Burma in 1852, Armenian merchants were subjected to accusations by the British, alleging they were anti-British and pro-Russian.
What role did Armenian traders often fulfill under the Burmese kings?
Answer: Officials managing customs and foreign relations
Explanation: Armenian traders frequently served as officials under the Burmese monarchy, holding responsibilities for managing customs duties and liaising with foreign entities.
The 1881 Census reported a larger Armenian population in which region compared to Burma?
Answer: Bengal
Explanation: The 1881 Census indicated a larger Armenian population in Bengal (737 individuals) compared to Burma (466 individuals).
The Armenian community in Yangon built their church in which year?
Answer: 1862
Explanation: The Armenian church in Yangon, known as St. John the Baptist, was constructed in 1862.
What did the 1871-1872 Census data reveal about Armenian population distribution?
Answer: They were mainly located in Kolkata, Dhaka, and Yangon.
Explanation: The 1871-1872 Census of British India recorded 1,250 Armenians, with the majority of this population concentrated in Kolkata, Dhaka, and Yangon.
The Sarkies Brothers were known for their involvement in the textile trade in 19th-century Southeast Asia.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Sarkies Brothers were renowned for establishing a significant chain of hotels across Southeast Asia, not for involvement in the textile trade.
Diana Abgar is mentioned as a notable Armenian figure connected to Burma.
Answer: True
Explanation: Diana Abgar is identified in the source material as another significant Armenian figure associated with Burma.
Ba Maw, a prominent Burmese political leader, was definitively confirmed to have Armenian ancestry.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Ba Maw was reportedly of partial Armenian descent, historical accounts also suggest this might have been a rumor, with some sources positing his parents were of pure Talaing (Mon) blood.
The Strand Hotel in Yangon was established by the Sarkies Brothers in 1901.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Sarkies Brothers acquired The Strand Hotel in Yangon in 1901, adding it to their portfolio of notable establishments.
Ba Maw served as Premier of British Burma between 1937 and 1939.
Answer: True
Explanation: Ba Maw held the political office of Premier of British Burma during the period of 1937 to 1939.
The Eastern & Oriental Hotel in Penang was established by the Sarkies Brothers in the early 20th century.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Eastern & Oriental Hotel in Penang was established by the Sarkies Brothers in 1884, which is the late 19th century, not the early 20th century.
Which famous hotel chain in Southeast Asia was established by the Armenian Sarkies Brothers?
Answer: The Eastern & Oriental Hotels
Explanation: The Sarkies Brothers were the founders of the renowned Eastern & Oriental Hotels chain, which included properties like the E&O Hotel in Penang, Raffles Hotel in Singapore, and The Strand Hotel in Yangon.
Which Armenian figure is noted for holding significant political roles in Burma, including Premier?
Answer: Ba Maw
Explanation: Ba Maw, a prominent political leader, served as Premier of British Burma and later as dictator, and is noted for his potential Armenian heritage.
What detail about Ba Maw's background has led to speculation about Armenian heritage?
Answer: His fair complexion and Christian upbringing
Explanation: Speculation regarding Ba Maw's Armenian heritage has been fueled by accounts of his fair complexion, Christian upbringing, and reports of an Armenian visitor.
Which of the following is NOT one of the hotels associated with the Sarkies Brothers in Southeast Asia?
Answer: The Grand Hotel, Kolkata
Explanation: While the Sarkies Brothers were famous for hotels like The Strand (Yangon), Raffles (Singapore), and E&O (Penang), The Grand Hotel in Kolkata is not listed among their establishments.
Which Armenian figure is mentioned as another notable person associated with Burma, besides the Sarkies Brothers?
Answer: Diana Abgar
Explanation: Diana Abgar is identified as another significant Armenian figure connected to Burma, alongside the contributions of the Sarkies Brothers.
What political roles did Ba Maw hold in Burma during the mid-20th century?
Answer: Served as Premier and later as dictator
Explanation: Ba Maw held significant political positions, serving as Premier of British Burma (1937-1939) and later as the dictator of the State of Burma (1943-1945).
By 1901, the Armenian population in Burma had significantly increased compared to the 1881 census figures.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 1901 Census recorded a decrease in the Armenian population in Burma to 256, compared to 466 in the 1881 Census.
According to a 2014 statement, the last individual of full Armenian descent in Myanmar had passed away the previous year.
Answer: True
Explanation: A statement from 2014 indicated that the last individual of full Armenian descent in Myanmar had passed away in 2013.
The Armenian language is no longer spoken by Armenians in Myanmar.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source implies the Armenian language is associated with the community, suggesting it is still spoken, even if its prevalence may be limited.
Following World War I, a significant number of Armenians migrated from Southeast Asia to Australia.
Answer: True
Explanation: Post-World War I, a notable migration of Armenians from Southeast Asia occurred, with Australia being a significant destination.
The estimated Armenian population in Myanmar is currently around 1,000 individuals.
Answer: True
Explanation: The estimated total population of Armenians in Myanmar is cited as 1,000 individuals in the provided information.
Armenians migrated to Southeast Asia in the 18th century primarily due to favorable economic conditions in Persia.
Answer: False
Explanation: The primary driver for Armenian migration to South and Southeast Asia in the 18th century was that conditions in Persia had turned against them, suggesting hardship rather than favorable economic opportunities.
The 2019 Frontier Myanmar report estimated the Armenian population in Myanmar to be in the thousands.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 2019 Frontier Myanmar report estimated the Armenian population in Myanmar to be a few hundred at most, not in the thousands.
The Armenian community in Myanmar primarily follows Islam.
Answer: False
Explanation: The predominant religion of the Armenian community in Myanmar is the Armenian Apostolic Church, not Islam.
The 1901 Census indicated a higher number of Armenians in Burma than the 1881 Census.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 1901 Census recorded 256 Armenians in Burma, a decrease from the 466 recorded in the 1881 Census.
The source suggests that the Armenian population in Myanmar has remained relatively stable since the 19th century.
Answer: False
Explanation: The data indicates a decline in the Armenian population in Myanmar from the 19th century to the present, suggesting it has not remained stable.
The primary reason for Armenian migration to South and Southeast Asia in the 18th century was political persecution in Persia.
Answer: True
Explanation: The migration of Armenians to South and Southeast Asia during the 18th century was primarily driven by adverse conditions and potential persecution in Persia.
The source provides conflicting estimates for the Armenian population in Myanmar.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source presents different figures, such as an estimate of 1,000 individuals and a 2019 report suggesting 'a few hundred at most,' which can be interpreted as conflicting estimates.
What is the estimated total population of Armenians in Myanmar according to the provided information?
Answer: 1,000
Explanation: The estimated total population of Armenians residing in Myanmar is cited as 1,000 individuals.
What is the main religion practiced by the Armenian community in Myanmar?
Answer: Armenian Apostolic Church
Explanation: The predominant religious affiliation within the Armenian community in Myanmar is the Armenian Apostolic Church.
According to a 2014 statement by the Yangon priest, what was the status of individuals of full Armenian descent in Myanmar?
Answer: The last individual of full Armenian descent had passed away in 2013.
Explanation: In 2014, the priest of the Armenian church in Yangon stated that the last individual of full Armenian descent had passed away the preceding year, and noted only a few families were part Armenian.
What happened in Persia that prompted migration to South and Southeast Asia during the 18th century?
Answer: Conditions turned against them, leading to hardship.
Explanation: The migration of Armenians from Persia during the 18th century was prompted by deteriorating conditions that led to hardship, compelling them to seek new settlements.
Why did Armenians migrate further into Asia during the 18th century?
Answer: To escape political instability in Persia
Explanation: The migration of Armenians during the 18th century was primarily motivated by a desire to escape adverse political conditions and instability experienced in Persia.
What does the source suggest about the Armenian population in Myanmar between 1881 and 1901?
Answer: It experienced a notable decline.
Explanation: Between the 1881 Census (466 Armenians in Burma) and the 1901 Census (256 Armenians in Burma), the Armenian population in Myanmar experienced a notable decline.
What did the 2019 Frontier Myanmar report suggest about the Armenian population size?
Answer: It was estimated to be a few hundred at most.
Explanation: The 2019 Frontier Myanmar report estimated the Armenian population in Myanmar to be 'a few hundred at most'.
The 'Armenian diaspora' template includes settlements in South American countries like Brazil and Argentina.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'Armenian diaspora' template lists Argentina and Brazil among the countries in the Americas where Armenian populations have settled.
The Armenian diaspora template lists specific regions within Turkey such as Cilicia and Western Armenia.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'Armenian diaspora' template explicitly mentions historical areas of Armenian settlement within Turkey, including Cilicia and Western Armenia.
The diaspora template mentions Armenian settlements in specific European countries like France and Germany.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'Armenian diaspora' template lists France and Germany, among other European nations, as locations with Armenian settlements.
The 'Armenian diaspora' template includes settlements in the Middle East, such as Lebanon and Syria.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'Armenian diaspora' template lists Lebanon and Syria among the Middle Eastern countries with significant Armenian populations.
Which of the following countries was NOT mentioned in the 'Armenian diaspora' template as having Armenian settlements?
Answer: South Africa
Explanation: The 'Armenian diaspora' template lists the United States, India, and France as countries with Armenian settlements, but South Africa is not mentioned.
Which former Soviet Union country is mentioned in the 'Armenian diaspora' template, specifically noting settlements in Abkhazia and Tbilisi?
Answer: Georgia
Explanation: The 'Armenian diaspora' template notes Armenian settlements within Georgia, specifically mentioning Abkhazia and Tbilisi.
What does the mention of 'Hidden Armenians' in the diaspora template likely signify?
Answer: Individuals concealing their Armenian identity
Explanation: The term 'Hidden Armenians' in the diaspora context likely refers to individuals of Armenian descent who have concealed their identity due to historical pressures such as persecution or assimilation.
What is the significance of the reference to 'Hayhurum' within Greece in the diaspora template?
Answer: It refers to a specific subgroup or area of Armenian settlement in Greece.
Explanation: The mention of 'Hayhurum' within Greece in the 'Armenian diaspora' template likely signifies a specific subgroup or geographical area of Armenian settlement.
Which Asian country, besides Myanmar, is listed in the diaspora template with a specific settlement mentioned (Surabaya)?
Answer: Indonesia
Explanation: Indonesia is listed in the 'Armenian diaspora' template as an Asian country with Armenian settlements, specifically mentioning Surabaya.
The Armenian diaspora template lists 'Zoks' in relation to which country?
Answer: Azerbaijan
Explanation: The 'Armenian diaspora' template mentions 'Zoks' in relation to Azerbaijan, likely referring to a specific subgroup or dialect within the region.