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Bantawa is classified as a language belonging to the Indo-Aryan language family.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. Bantawa belongs to the Sino-Tibetan language family, specifically the Tibeto-Burman branch, not the Indo-Aryan family.
The extinct Waling language is believed to be a dialect or a closely related language to Bantawa.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Historical documentation suggests that the extinct Waling language was either a dialect of Bantawa or a closely related linguistic entity.
The Bantawa language has alternative names such as An Yüng, Kirawa Yüng, and Bantawa Dum.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. These are among the various alternative names or designations used for the Bantawa language.
The Bantawa language is part of the Tibeto-Burman branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Bantawa is classified within the Sino-Tibetan language family, specifically belonging to the Tibeto-Burman branch.
The ISO 639-3 code for the Bantawa language is 'bap'.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. The ISO 639-3 standard assigns the code 'bap' to the Bantawa language.
Which language family does Bantawa belong to?
Answer: Sino-Tibetan
Explanation: The Bantawa language is classified within the Sino-Tibetan language family. This broad classification encompasses numerous languages across Asia.
Which of the following is NOT an alternative name for the Bantawa language mentioned in the source?
Answer: Rai Lingua
Explanation: The source lists 'An Yüng', 'Kirawa Yüng', and 'Bantawa Yong' as alternative names for Bantawa. 'Rai Lingua' is not mentioned as an alternative name.
Bantawa is considered the most spoken language within which larger linguistic group?
Answer: Kiranti languages
Explanation: Bantawa holds the distinction of being the most widely spoken language among the Kiranti languages, a subgroup within the Tibeto-Burman family.
What is the Glottolog identifier for the Bantawa language?
Answer: bant1280
Explanation: The Glottolog database assigns the identifier 'bant1280' to the Bantawa language.
The classification 'Mahakiranti' is a proposed grouping within which larger language branch?
Answer: Tibeto-Burman
Explanation: 'Mahakiranti' is a proposed subgrouping within the Tibeto-Burman languages, serving as an intermediate classification level above the Kiranti languages.
The Bantawa language is classified under which specific subgroup of the Kiranti languages?
Answer: Central Kiranti
Explanation: Bantawa is classified within the Central Kiranti subgroup of the Kiranti languages.
The Bantawa language is predominantly spoken in the western Himalayan regions of Nepal and is also found in Bhutan.
Answer: False
Explanation: This assertion is factually inaccurate. While Bantawa is spoken in Nepal and Bhutan, its primary geographical concentration lies within the eastern Himalayan hills of Nepal, not the western regions.
According to the 2001 Nepal Census, approximately 370,000 people spoke the Bantawa language.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. The 2001 Nepal Census reported approximately 370,000 speakers of the Bantawa language, representing about 1.63% of the national population.
The Bantawa language is spoken in several districts of Nepal, including Bhojpur, Khotang, and Ilam.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Bantawa is spoken in numerous districts within Nepal, notably including Bhojpur, Khotang, and Ilam, among others in Koshi Province.
Bantawa is considered the least spoken language among the Kiranti languages.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. Bantawa is recognized as the most extensively spoken language within the Kiranti language group.
The Bantawa language is spoken by the Khambu or Rai ethnic groups.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Bantawa is primarily spoken by communities identified as Khambu or Rai ethnic groups.
What is the primary geographical location where the Bantawa language is spoken?
Answer: The eastern Himalayan hills of Nepal and parts of India
Explanation: The Bantawa language is primarily spoken in the eastern Himalayan hills of Nepal, with significant communities also found in parts of India, such as Sikkim and Darjeeling.
According to the 2001 Nepal Census, what percentage of the country's population spoke Bantawa?
Answer: Approximately 1.63%
Explanation: The 2001 Nepal Census indicated that approximately 1.63% of the national population spoke Bantawa, which equated to roughly 370,000 speakers.
The Bantawa language is spoken in which Indian regions?
Answer: Sikkim, Darjeeling, and Kalimpong
Explanation: Bantawa is spoken by Kirati Bantawa ethnic groups in India, particularly in the regions of Sikkim, Darjeeling, and Kalimpong.
The Bantawa language is spoken in several districts of Nepal's Koshi Province, including which of the following?
Answer: Bhojpur, Dhankuta, Ilam
Explanation: Bantawa is spoken in districts such as Bhojpur, Dhankuta, and Ilam within Nepal's Koshi Province.
Bantawa serves as a lingua franca among Rai minorities in parts of India and Bhutan.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Bantawa functions as a lingua franca, facilitating communication among diverse Rai communities in regions such as Sikkim, Darjeeling, Kalimpong in India, and also in Bhutan.
UNESCO classifies the Bantawa language as 'safe' due to its large number of speakers.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. UNESCO classifies the Bantawa language as 'vulnerable', indicating a need for concern regarding its long-term viability, despite having a significant number of speakers.
Bantawa is recognized as an additional official language in Nepal's Koshi Province and the Indian state of Sikkim.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Bantawa holds official language status in Koshi Province, Nepal, and also in the Indian state of Sikkim, reflecting its regional importance.
The primary reason for Bantawa's endangerment is the lack of written documentation.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. The primary factor contributing to Bantawa's endangerment is the language shift towards Nepali, rather than a lack of written documentation.
What is the endangerment status of the Bantawa language according to UNESCO?
Answer: Vulnerable
Explanation: UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger classifies the Bantawa language as 'Vulnerable', indicating a concern for its long-term preservation.
In which province of Nepal does Bantawa hold official status?
Answer: Koshi Province
Explanation: Bantawa has been recognized as an additional official language within Koshi Province in Nepal.
What is identified as a major factor contributing to the endangerment of the Bantawa language?
Answer: Shift towards Nepali language
Explanation: The shift towards the Nepali language is identified as a significant factor contributing to the endangerment of Bantawa, indicating a decline in its active use in favor of the national language.
The Bantawa language lacks the distinction between dental and apico-alveolar consonants.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. The phonology of Bantawa does not differentiate meaning based on the distinction between dental and apico-alveolar consonant articulations.
The glottal stop (<0294>) is not considered a consonant sound in the Bantawa phonology.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. The glottal stop (<0294>) is recognized as a distinct consonant sound within the phonological system of the Bantawa language.
The Bantawa language has distinct sounds for dental and apico-alveolar consonants, which affects word meaning.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. The Bantawa language does not maintain a phonemic distinction between dental and apico-alveolar consonants; therefore, this difference does not affect word meaning.
The vowel /<028c>/ in Bantawa is common in many Tibeto-Burman languages but rare in Nepali.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. The vowel /<028c>/ in Bantawa is influenced by Nepali and is less common in many other Tibeto-Burman languages, not the other way around.
The Bantawa language features grammatical gender, requiring nouns to be classified as masculine, feminine, or neuter.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. The Bantawa language does not possess grammatical gender or noun classes.
The Bantawa language follows a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. Bantawa adheres to a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) basic sentence structure, a common word order found in many languages globally.
What is the basic sentence structure (word order) of the Bantawa language?
Answer: Subject-Object-Verb (SOV)
Explanation: The Bantawa language adheres to a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order, which is a common syntactic structure in many of the world's languages.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Bantawa grammar mentioned in the text?
Answer: Presence of noun classes
Explanation: The Bantawa language is characterized by its Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order and the absence of grammatical gender. The presence of noun classes is not a noted feature of its grammar.
The Eastern Bantawa dialect is considered the most linguistically similar to Northern Bantawa dialects.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. The Eastern Bantawa dialect is noted as being the most divergent, showing closer relations to the Dungmali language rather than Northern Bantawa dialects.
The Southern Bantawa dialects are significantly different from the Northern Bantawa dialects.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. While dialectal variations exist, the Southern Bantawa dialects are noted to be similar to the Northern Bantawa dialects, suggesting a degree of mutual intelligibility or close relationship.
The Bantawa language is divided into Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western dialects.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. These four are recognized as the primary dialect divisions within the Bantawa language.
Which of these is NOT listed as a main dialect division of Bantawa?
Answer: Central Bantawa
Explanation: The main dialect divisions of Bantawa are recognized as Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western. 'Central Bantawa' is not listed as a primary division.
The Eastern Bantawa dialect shows closer relations to which other language?
Answer: Dungmali
Explanation: The Eastern Bantawa dialect, spoken in Dhankuta, is noted for its divergence and shows closer linguistic affinities to the Dungmali language.
The Western Bantawa dialect is also known by which other name?
Answer: Amchoke
Explanation: The Western Bantawa dialect is also referred to as Amchoke, particularly in the Limbu areas of Ilam district.
The word 'Kok' in Bantawa means 'Curry'.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. In the Bantawa language, 'Kok' signifies 'Food' or 'Rice', not 'Curry'.
The word 'Chama' in Bantawa means 'to eat'.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. 'Chama' is the Bantawa term for the action of eating.
The Bantawa word for 'Grandfather' is 'Dima'.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. In Bantawa, 'Dima' refers to 'Grandmother', while 'Diwa' is the term for 'Grandfather'.
The word 'Munima' translates to 'Dog' in the Bantawa language.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. In Bantawa, 'Munima' translates to 'Cat', not 'Dog'.
What is the Bantawa word for 'Food' or 'Rice'?
Answer: Kok
Explanation: The Bantawa word 'Kok' denotes 'Food' or 'Rice'.
Which term refers to the Grandmother in the Bantawa language?
Answer: Dima
Explanation: In the Bantawa language, the term 'Dima' is used to refer to one's Grandmother.
What does the Bantawa word 'Chama' mean?
Answer: To eat
Explanation: The Bantawa word 'Chama' translates directly to 'to eat'.
Which of the following is a Bantawa word for a greeting?
Answer: Sewa
Explanation: 'Sewa' is a Bantawa term used for greetings, such as 'Good Morning/Afternoon/Evening'.
What does the Bantawa word 'Mi' mean?
Answer: Fire
Explanation: The Bantawa word 'Mi' translates to 'Fire'.
Which term is used in Bantawa for 'Younger Brother'?
Answer: Nichha
Explanation: In Bantawa, 'Nichha' is the term used for 'Younger Brother'.
What is the Bantawa word for 'money'?
Answer: Phekwa
Explanation: The Bantawa word for 'money' is 'Phekwa'.
Which Bantawa word translates to 'Grandfather'?
Answer: Diwa
Explanation: The Bantawa term 'Diwa' signifies 'Grandfather'.
The Devanagari script is the only writing system used for the Bantawa language.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. Bantawa utilizes both the Devanagari script and the Kirat Rai script (also known as Kirat Sirijunga lipi).
Instruction in Bantawa in schools primarily uses the Latin alphabet.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. When Bantawa is introduced in schools, instruction primarily utilizes the Devanagari script, not the Latin alphabet.
The Bantawa language is introduced in schools using the Kirat Rai script for all levels of education.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. While the Kirat Rai script is used for Bantawa, instruction in schools primarily utilizes the Devanagari script, and it is typically introduced at the primary level.
What are the two primary scripts used for writing the Bantawa language?
Answer: Devanagari and Kirat Rai script
Explanation: The Bantawa language is primarily written using two scripts: the Devanagari script and the Kirat Rai script (also known as Kirat Sirijunga lipi).
What does the image caption mention about the word 'Bantawa'?
Answer: It is written in the Devanagari script.
Explanation: The image caption specifically notes that the word 'Bantawa' is presented in the Devanagari script.