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Bo Gu was born in Wuxi, Jiangsu, during the Qing dynasty, and passed away in the Republic of China at the age of 38.
Answer: True
Explanation: Bo Gu was born in Wuxi, Jiangsu, during the Qing dynasty (May 14, 1907) and died in the Republic of China (April 8, 1946) at the age of 38.
During his early studies at Suzhou Industrial School, Qin Bangxian was primarily focused on academic pursuits and did not engage in political activism.
Answer: False
Explanation: During his studies at Suzhou Industrial School, Qin Bangxian actively participated in activities against imperialism and warlords, indicating early political engagement.
Shanghai University, where Qin Bangxian enrolled in 1925, was renowned for its conservative academic environment rather than revolutionary thought.
Answer: False
Explanation: Shanghai University, where Qin Bangxian enrolled in 1925, was known as a hub for revolutionary thought, significantly influencing young revolutionists.
Qu Qiubai and Deng Zhongxia, early leaders of the CCP, were instrumental in teaching Marxism and Leninism at Shanghai University, influencing students like Qin Bangxian.
Answer: True
Explanation: Early CCP leaders Qu Qiubai and Deng Zhongxia taught Marxism and Leninism at Shanghai University, influencing students including Qin Bangxian.
The May 30th Movement, which Qin Bangxian joined in 1925, was a series of protests and boycotts specifically against the Kuomintang (KMT) government.
Answer: False
Explanation: The May 30th Movement was a series of protests and boycotts against imperialism, not specifically against the Kuomintang (KMT) government.
The Moscow Sun Yat-sen University was established to train young revolutionists for a communist revolution, aligning with Sun Yat-sen's alliance policy with the Soviet Union and the CCP.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Moscow Sun Yat-sen University was established to systematically train young revolutionists for a communist revolution, in line with Sun Yat-sen's alliance policy with the Soviet Union and the CCP.
Qin Bangxian's alias 'Bo Gu' translates to 'great leader' in Chinese, reflecting his early aspirations for party leadership.
Answer: False
Explanation: Qin Bangxian's alias 'Bo Gu' means 'familiar with histories' in Chinese, not 'great leader'.
What was Qin Bangxian's primary identity, as described in the source?
Answer: A senior leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and a member of the 28 Bolsheviks.
Explanation: The source describes Qin Bangxian (Bo Gu) as a senior leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and a member of the '28 Bolsheviks' group.
What was Bo Gu's age at the time of his death?
Answer: 38
Explanation: Bo Gu died on April 8, 1946, at the age of 38.
Where was Bo Gu born?
Answer: Wuxi, Jiangsu, Qing dynasty
Explanation: Bo Gu was born in Wuxi, Jiangsu, during the Qing dynasty.
What was Qin Bangxian's involvement during his early studies at Suzhou Industrial School?
Answer: He actively participated in activities against imperialism and warlords.
Explanation: During his early studies at Suzhou Industrial School, Qin Bangxian actively participated in activities against imperialism and warlords.
What was the reputation of Shanghai University when Qin Bangxian enrolled in 1925?
Answer: It was a hub for revolutionary thought and influenced young revolutionists.
Explanation: When Qin Bangxian enrolled in 1925, Shanghai University was known as a hub for revolutionary thought, significantly influencing young revolutionists.
Which two prominent CCP leaders taught Marxism and Leninism at Shanghai University, influencing Qin Bangxian?
Answer: Qu Qiubai and Deng Zhongxia
Explanation: Early leaders of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), Qu Qiubai and Deng Zhongxia, taught Marxism and Leninism at Shanghai University, influencing students like Qin Bangxian.
What was the primary purpose of the Moscow Sun Yat-sen University, where Qin Bangxian studied in 1926?
Answer: To systematically train young revolutionists for a communist revolution.
Explanation: The Moscow Sun Yat-sen University aimed to systematically train young revolutionists for a communist revolution, aligning with Sun Yat-sen's alliance policy with the Soviet Union and the CCP.
What does Qin Bangxian's alias 'Bo Gu' mean in Chinese?
Answer: Familiar with Histories
Explanation: Qin Bangxian's alias 'Bo Gu' means 'familiar with histories' in Chinese.
Qin Bangxian, known as Bo Gu, was a prominent leader of the Chinese Communist Party and a member of the '28 Bolsheviks' group, which consisted of Chinese students who studied in Moscow.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source identifies Qin Bangxian, or Bo Gu, as a senior leader of the Chinese Communist Party and a member of the '28 Bolsheviks' group, composed of Chinese students who studied in Moscow.
Bo Gu served as the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party for approximately three years, from September 1931 until January 1935.
Answer: True
Explanation: Bo Gu held the office of General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party from September 1931 to January 17, 1935, which is approximately three years.
The '28 Bolsheviks' group, including Bo Gu, Wang Ming, and Zhang Wentian, believed they were destined to lead the Chinese revolution as orthodox Marxists.
Answer: True
Explanation: The '28 Bolsheviks' group, including Bo Gu, Wang Ming, and Zhang Wentian, regarded themselves as orthodox Marxists destined to lead the Chinese revolution.
Pavel Mif, vice president of Sun Yat-sen University, played a crucial role in helping the 28 Bolsheviks gain influence within the CCP.
Answer: True
Explanation: Pavel Mif, vice president of Sun Yat-sen University, helped the 28 Bolsheviks gain influence through his connection with Wang Ming and opportunities to comment on Chinese affairs.
Upon their return to China, Bo Gu and other protégés of Pavel Mif were immediately assigned to significant leadership roles due to their Moscow training.
Answer: False
Explanation: Upon their return to China, Bo Gu and other protégés of Pavel Mif were initially assigned to insignificant work due to their lack of experience.
Wang Ming and his associates secured power at the 4th Plenary Meeting of the 6th National Congress of the CCP in 1931 with the direct support of Pavel Mif.
Answer: True
Explanation: Wang Ming and his associates secured power at the 4th Plenary Meeting of the 6th National Congress of the CCP in 1931 with the direct support of Pavel Mif, an envoy of the Comintern.
Bo Gu was promoted to General Secretary of the CCP after Wang Ming returned to Moscow for medical treatment.
Answer: True
Explanation: Bo Gu was promoted to General Secretary of the CCP after Wang Ming returned to Moscow for medical treatment.
From which year to which year did Bo Gu serve as the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party?
Answer: 1931 to 1935
Explanation: Bo Gu served as the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party from September 1931 to January 17, 1935.
Who was Bo Gu's immediate predecessor as General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party?
Answer: Xiang Zhongfa
Explanation: Xiang Zhongfa preceded Bo Gu as the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party.
Who were among the key members of the '28 Bolsheviks' group formed at Moscow Sun Yat-sen University?
Answer: Qin Bangxian (Bo Gu), Wang Ming, and Zhang Wentian
Explanation: Key members of the '28 Bolsheviks' group included Qin Bangxian (Bo Gu), Wang Ming, and Zhang Wentian.
What was the ideological stance of the 28 Bolsheviks regarding the Chinese revolution?
Answer: They believed they were orthodox Marxists destined to lead the revolution.
Explanation: The 28 Bolsheviks regarded themselves as orthodox Marxists who believed they were destined to lead the Chinese revolution.
How did Pavel Mif contribute to the influence of the 28 Bolsheviks?
Answer: He helped them gain influence through his connection with Wang Ming and opportunities to comment on Chinese affairs.
Explanation: Pavel Mif, vice president of Sun Yat-sen University, helped the 28 Bolsheviks gain influence through his connection with Wang Ming and by providing opportunities to comment on Chinese affairs.
What was the initial challenge faced by Bo Gu and other protégés of Pavel Mif upon their return to China?
Answer: They were assigned to insignificant work due to lack of experience.
Explanation: Upon their return to China, Bo Gu and other protégés of Pavel Mif were initially assigned to insignificant work due to their lack of experience compared to veteran members.
How did Wang Ming and his associates secure power at the 4th Plenary Meeting of the 6th National Congress of the CCP in 1931?
Answer: With the direct support of Pavel Mif, an envoy of the Comintern.
Explanation: Wang Ming and his associates secured power at the 4th Plenary Meeting of the 6th National Congress of the CCP in 1931 with the direct support of Pavel Mif, an envoy of the Comintern.
What position was Bo Gu appointed to immediately after Wang Ming's rise to power?
Answer: Head of the Communist Youth League (CY)
Explanation: As a reward following Wang Ming's ascent, Bo Gu was appointed to be placed in charge of the Communist Youth League (CY).
What led to Bo Gu's promotion to General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party?
Answer: Wang Ming's return to Moscow for medical treatment.
Explanation: Bo Gu was promoted to General Secretary of the CCP after Wang Ming returned to Moscow for medical treatment.
Xiang Zhongfa succeeded Bo Gu as the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party, taking over the role in 1935.
Answer: False
Explanation: Xiang Zhongfa was Bo Gu's predecessor as General Secretary. Zhang Wentian succeeded Bo Gu in this role after the Zunyi Conference in 1935.
The 'extremism and leftism' policies championed by Li Lisan and Wang Ming significantly strengthened the CCP's urban base, leading to major victories against the KMT.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'extremism and leftism' policies championed by Li Lisan and Wang Ming led to significant losses for the CCP in its power struggle with the Kuomintang (KMT) in Chinese cities, weakening their urban base.
Bo Gu and other Central Bureau members evacuated to the Soviet Territory in Jiangxi in 1933 due to a strategic decision to expand the CCP's influence into rural areas.
Answer: False
Explanation: Bo Gu and other Central Bureau members evacuated to the Soviet Territory in Jiangxi in 1933 due to substantial losses incurred in urban areas, not to strategically expand into rural areas.
The military command team that took over from Mao Zedong in Jiangxi consisted of Bo Gu, Zhou Enlai, and a military advisor from the Comintern named Otto Braun.
Answer: True
Explanation: The military command team that replaced Mao Zedong's control over the military in Jiangxi consisted of Bo Gu, Zhou Enlai, and Otto Braun, a Comintern military advisor.
The Chinese Red Army launched a strategic diversion during Chiang Kai-shek's 5th Suppression campaign as a pre-emptive measure to gain tactical advantage.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Chinese Red Army launched a strategic diversion during Chiang Kai-shek's 5th Suppression campaign because they suffered great losses due to a change in Nationalist tactics, not as a pre-emptive measure.
During the Long March, the Red Army frequently suffered heavy casualties due to the effective planning and competent leadership of the three-man team.
Answer: False
Explanation: During the Long March, the Red Army frequently suffered heavy casualties due to a lack of planning and the incompetence of the three-man leadership team.
The critical incident at the Xiang River during the Long March resulted in the Red Army successfully evading a KMT trap with minimal losses.
Answer: False
Explanation: The critical incident at the Xiang River during the Long March resulted in half of the Red Army's elite forces being annihilated by the KMT army, not a successful evasion with minimal losses.
Mao Zedong gained support from Red Army generals during the Long March by directly challenging Bo Gu's authority in a public debate.
Answer: False
Explanation: Mao Zedong gained support from Red Army generals during the Long March by using diplomatic skills to communicate with Wang Jiaxiang and leveraging dissatisfaction with the current leadership, not through a public debate with Bo Gu.
The Zunyi Conference in January 1935 led to the replacement of the existing three-man military command team with a new team including Mao Zedong, Wang Ming, and Zhou Enlai.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Zunyi Conference in January 1935 resulted in a new military command team composed of Mao, Wang (Jiaxiang), and Zhou Enlai, replacing the previous three-man team. Wang Ming was not part of this new team.
After the Zunyi Conference, Bo Gu was completely removed from all party positions and lost his Politburo membership.
Answer: False
Explanation: After the Zunyi Conference, Bo Gu's title of General Secretary was transferred to Zhang Wentian, but he retained his membership in the Politburo, indicating a demotion but not a complete removal from power.
What were the consequences of the 'extremism and leftism' policies on the CCP in urban areas?
Answer: They resulted in substantial losses in the power struggle with the Kuomintang.
Explanation: The 'extremism and leftism' policies led to significant losses for the CCP in its power struggle with the Kuomintang (KMT) in Chinese cities.
Why did Bo Gu and other Central Bureau members evacuate to the Soviet Territory in Jiangxi in 1933?
Answer: Due to substantial losses incurred in urban areas.
Explanation: Bo Gu and other Central Bureau members evacuated to the Soviet Territory in Jiangxi in 1933 due to substantial losses incurred in urban areas.
Who formed the military command team that replaced Mao Zedong's control over the military in Jiangxi?
Answer: Bo Gu, Zhou Enlai, and Otto Braun
Explanation: The military command team that replaced Mao Zedong's control over the military in Jiangxi consisted of Bo Gu, Zhou Enlai, and Otto Braun.
What was the primary reason the Chinese Red Army launched a strategic diversion during Chiang Kai-shek's 5th Suppression?
Answer: They suffered great losses due to a change in Nationalist tactics.
Explanation: The Chinese Red Army launched a strategic diversion during Chiang Kai-shek's 5th Suppression campaign because they suffered great losses due to a change in Nationalist tactics.
What challenges did the Red Army face during the Long March under the three-man leadership team?
Answer: Frequent heavy casualties due to lack of planning and incompetence.
Explanation: During the Long March, the Red Army frequently suffered heavy casualties due to a lack of planning and the incompetence of the three-man leadership team.
What was the outcome of the critical incident at the Xiang River during the Long March?
Answer: Half of the Red Army's elite forces were annihilated by the KMT army.
Explanation: The critical incident at the Xiang River during the Long March resulted in half of the Red Army's elite forces being annihilated by the KMT army.
How did Mao Zedong manage to gain support from Red Army generals during the Long March?
Answer: By using diplomatic skills to communicate with Wang Jiaxiang and leveraging dissatisfaction with current leadership.
Explanation: Mao Zedong gained support from Red Army generals during the Long March by using diplomatic skills to communicate with Wang Jiaxiang and leveraging their dissatisfaction with the current leadership.
What was the primary outcome of the Zunyi Conference in January 1935?
Answer: The discharge of the existing three-man military command team and a new team taking its place.
Explanation: The Zunyi Conference in January 1935 resulted in the discharge of the existing three-man military command team and its replacement by a new team.
What change occurred in Bo Gu's leadership role after the Zunyi Conference?
Answer: His title of General Secretary was transferred to Zhang Wentian, but he retained Politburo membership.
Explanation: After the Zunyi Conference, Bo Gu's title of General Secretary was transferred to Zhang Wentian, though he retained his membership in the Politburo.
Bo Gu preferred to be called Qin Bangxian after arriving in Yan'an to distance himself from his past leadership role and associated policies.
Answer: True
Explanation: After arriving in Yan'an, Bo Gu preferred to be called by his real name, Qin Bangxian, to make a clear distinction from his past leadership role and associated policies.
Mao Zedong continued to assign important tasks to Bo Gu and other 28 Bolsheviks members because he valued their strategic military expertise.
Answer: False
Explanation: Mao Zedong continued to assign important tasks to Bo Gu and other 28 Bolsheviks members because he needed their support for his ongoing power struggles with figures like Wang Ming and Zhang Guotao, not primarily for their strategic military expertise.
Qin Bangxian was a key representative of the CCP during the Xi'an Incident in 1936, which helped establish the United Front against Japan.
Answer: True
Explanation: Qin Bangxian was appointed as a representative of the CCP during the Xi'an Incident in 1936, which contributed to the establishment of the United Front against Japan.
In 1941, Qin Bangxian was appointed as the head of Jie Fang Daily and Xinhua News Agency, demonstrating his leadership in CCP media.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1941, Qin Bangxian was appointed as the head of Jie Fang Daily and Xinhua News Agency, where he actively promoted the newspaper as a key communication tool for the CCP.
Qin Bangxian demonstrated his allegiance to Mao Zedong by publicly supporting Wang Ming during the Cheng Feng movement.
Answer: False
Explanation: Qin Bangxian demonstrated his allegiance to Mao Zedong by criticizing his former close friend Wang Ming during the Cheng Feng movement, not by supporting him.
Mao Zedong and Kang Sheng praised Qin Bangxian for his strict and efficient handling of the Cheng Feng movement in the party newspaper.
Answer: False
Explanation: Mao Zedong and Kang Sheng criticized Qin Bangxian for his kindness and leniency towards the Cheng Feng movement, deeming his actions inefficient.
An image from 1937 shows Bo Gu photographed with only Mao Zedong, indicating their exclusive alliance during that period.
Answer: False
Explanation: An image from 1937 shows Bo Gu photographed alongside Zhu De, Mao Zedong, and Zhou Enlai, not exclusively with Mao Zedong.
Why did Bo Gu prefer to be called Qin Bangxian after arriving in Yan'an?
Answer: To make a clear distinction from his past leadership role and associated policies.
Explanation: Bo Gu preferred to be called Qin Bangxian after arriving in Yan'an to make a clear distinction from his past leadership role and associated policies.
What was Qin Bangxian's role in the Xi'an Incident in 1936?
Answer: He served as a CCP representative to manage the incident and establish the United Front.
Explanation: Qin Bangxian served as a CCP representative during the Xi'an Incident in 1936, helping to manage the incident and establish the United Front against Japan.
What media leadership roles did Qin Bangxian assume in 1941?
Answer: Head of Jie Fang Daily and Xinhua News Agency.
Explanation: In 1941, Qin Bangxian was appointed as the head of Jie Fang Daily and Xinhua News Agency.
How did Qin Bangxian demonstrate his allegiance to Mao Zedong during internal party struggles?
Answer: By pledging allegiance to Mao and criticizing Wang Ming during the Cheng Feng movement.
Explanation: Qin Bangxian pledged his allegiance to Mao Zedong and criticized Wang Ming during the Cheng Feng movement.
What criticism did Qin Bangxian receive from Mao Zedong and Kang Sheng regarding the Cheng Feng movement?
Answer: He was criticized for his kindness and leniency, deeming his actions inefficient.
Explanation: Mao Zedong and Kang Sheng criticized Qin Bangxian for his kindness and leniency towards the Cheng Feng movement, deeming his actions inefficient.
Despite being elected as a Commissioner of the Central Committee in 1945, Qin Bangxian's reduced standing was indicated by his last position on the list.
Answer: True
Explanation: Qin Bangxian was elected as a Commissioner of the Central Committee at the 7th National Congress in 1945, but his listing as the very last one indicated a reduced standing and influence within the party hierarchy.
Qin Bangxian was among the CCP delegates invited to Chongqing for peace negotiations after World War II, highlighting his continued importance.
Answer: True
Explanation: Qin Bangxian was one of the CCP delegates invited to Chongqing for peace negotiations after World War II, indicating his continued importance within the party.
Qin Bangxian died in a plane crash in Shanxi in 1946 while returning from the Political Consulting Congress in Chongqing, along with other senior CCP leaders.
Answer: True
Explanation: Qin Bangxian died in an airplane crash in Shanxi in February 1946 while returning to Yan'an after attending the Political Consulting Congress in Chongqing, along with other senior CCP leaders.
What was Qin Bangxian's position in the Central Committee after the 7th National Congress of the CCP in 1945?
Answer: He was elected as a Commissioner, but listed as the very last one, indicating reduced influence.
Explanation: After the 7th National Congress of the CCP in 1945, Qin Bangxian was elected as a Commissioner of the Central Committee, but his listing as the very last one indicated reduced influence.
What event led to Qin Bangxian's death in 1946?
Answer: He died in an airplane crash while returning from Chongqing.
Explanation: Qin Bangxian died in an airplane crash in Shanxi in 1946 while returning from the Political Consulting Congress in Chongqing.
Who were some of the other senior CCP leaders who died in the same airplane crash as Qin Bangxian?
Answer: General Ye Ting, Deng Fa, and Wang Ruofei
Explanation: General Ye Ting, Deng Fa, and Wang Ruofei were among the other senior CCP leaders who died in the same airplane crash as Qin Bangxian.