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Study Guide: The Boston Celtics: Franchise History and Key Milestones

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The Boston Celtics: Franchise History and Key Milestones Study Guide

Founding and Early Years (1946-1950s)

When were the Boston Celtics founded, and which league did they initially join?

Answer: 1946, Basketball Association of America (BAA)

Explanation: The Boston Celtics were established in 1946 as a charter member of the Basketball Association of America (BAA).

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What significant event occurred in the 1950 NBA draft involving the Boston Celtics?

Answer: They became the first franchise to draft an African-American player, Chuck Cooper.

Explanation: In 1950, the Boston Celtics made history by drafting Chuck Cooper, thereby becoming the first NBA franchise to select an African-American player.

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Who is credited with significantly impacting the Celtics' early success and handling all team operations?

Answer: Red Auerbach

Explanation: Red Auerbach, as coach and general manager, was pivotal in the Celtics' early success, overseeing all team operations during the franchise's formative years.

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How did Bob Cousy become a member of the Boston Celtics?

Answer: He was acquired through a dispersal draft after the Chicago Stags went bankrupt.

Explanation: Bob Cousy joined the Celtics via a dispersal draft following the bankruptcy of the Chicago Stags, who initially held his contract.

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What pivotal trade did Red Auerbach make after the 1955-56 season that led to acquiring Bill Russell?

Answer: Traded Ed Macauley and Cliff Hagan rights for the second overall pick.

Explanation: Red Auerbach executed a significant trade following the 1955-56 season, sending Ed Macauley and the draft rights to Cliff Hagan to the St. Louis Hawks in exchange for the second overall draft pick, which was used to select Bill Russell.

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Which players were central to the Boston Celtics' first NBA championship in 1957?

Answer: Bill Russell, Bob Cousy, and Tom Heinsohn

Explanation: The Boston Celtics secured their inaugural NBA championship in 1957, with key contributions from Bill Russell, Bob Cousy, and Tom Heinsohn.

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The Russell Dynasty (1950s-1960s)

The Boston Celtics were founded in the same year the Basketball Association of America (BAA) merged with the National Basketball League (NBL) to form the NBA.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Boston Celtics were founded in 1946. The merger of the Basketball Association of America (BAA) and the National Basketball League (NBL) to form the National Basketball Association (NBA) occurred in 1949, not the year of the Celtics' founding.

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Red Auerbach was solely responsible for coaching the Celtics during their first championship season in 1957.

Answer: True

Explanation: Red Auerbach coached the Boston Celtics from 1950 to 1966, during which time they achieved their first championship in 1957. His leadership was central to this success.

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The Celtics' dynasty from 1959 to 1966 resulted in seven consecutive NBA championships.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Celtics' dominant dynasty from 1959 to 1966 actually resulted in an unprecedented eight consecutive NBA championships, not seven.

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Bill Russell became the first African-American head coach in any major U.S. sport when he took over coaching duties in 1966.

Answer: True

Explanation: In 1966, Bill Russell assumed the role of player-coach, marking a significant milestone as the first African-American head coach in any major U.S. professional sport.

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The Boston Celtics fielded an all-African-American starting lineup for the first time in 1964.

Answer: True

Explanation: In 1964, the Boston Celtics achieved a significant milestone by becoming the first team in the National Basketball Association to field an all-African-American starting lineup.

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The 1969-70 season marked the end of the Celtics' initial dynasty and saw them achieve their best-ever regular season record.

Answer: False

Explanation: The 1969-70 season marked the conclusion of the Celtics' initial dynasty and was characterized by their first losing regular season record since 1949-50, not their best.

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In 1966, Bill Russell took on a new role, becoming the team's player-coach and making history as the first African-American head coach in what context?

Answer: Any major U.S. sport

Explanation: In 1966, Bill Russell became the team's player-coach, making him the first African-American head coach in any major U.S. sport.

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What historical distinction did the Boston Celtics achieve in 1964?

Answer: They were the first NBA team to have an all-African-American starting lineup.

Explanation: In 1964, the Boston Celtics made history by becoming the first team in the National Basketball Association to field an all-African-American starting lineup.

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The rivalry between the Celtics and the 76ers peaked in the mid-1960s due to the matchups between Wilt Chamberlain and Bill Russell.

Answer: True

Explanation: The rivalry between the Celtics and the 76ers reached its zenith between 1965 and 1968, primarily due to the individual matchups between Bill Russell of the Celtics and Wilt Chamberlain of the 76ers.

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Which two players were central to the peak of the Celtics-76ers rivalry in the mid-1960s?

Answer: Bill Russell and Wilt Chamberlain

Explanation: The rivalry between the Celtics and the 76ers reached its zenith between 1965 and 1968, primarily due to the individual matchups between Bill Russell of the Celtics and Wilt Chamberlain of the 76ers.

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Championship Eras and Transitions (1970s-1980s)

Which players were instrumental in the Celtics' championship wins in 1974 and 1976?

Answer: Dave Cowens, John Havlicek, Jo Jo White

Explanation: The Celtics secured championships in 1974 and 1976 under head coach Tom Heinsohn, with pivotal performances from Dave Cowens, John Havlicek, and Jo Jo White.

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Larry Bird, Kevin McHale, and Robert Parish formed the core of the Celtics' championship teams in the 1980s.

Answer: True

Explanation: The iconic trio of Larry Bird, Kevin McHale, and Robert Parish formed the nucleus of the Celtics' highly successful championship teams throughout the 1980s.

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The Celtics won NBA championships in 1981, 1984, and 1986, coinciding with the era of Bird, McHale, and Parish.

Answer: True

Explanation: During the dominant era of Larry Bird, Kevin McHale, and Robert Parish, the Boston Celtics secured NBA championships in the years 1981, 1984, and 1986.

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The tragic deaths of Len Bias and Reggie Lewis occurred during the peak of the Celtics' 1980s dynasty.

Answer: False

Explanation: The tragic deaths of Len Bias (1986 draft pick) and Reggie Lewis occurred in the late 1980s and early 1990s, following the peak of the 1980s dynasty and the retirements of key players from that era.

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The rivalry between the Celtics and the Detroit Pistons primarily peaked during which decade?

Answer: 1980s

Explanation: The rivalry between the Boston Celtics and the Detroit Pistons reached its zenith during the 1980s, characterized by multiple playoff encounters.

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Modern Era: Rebuilding and New Dynasties (1990s-2010s)

The Celtics assembled a new 'Big Three' in 2007 by acquiring Kevin Garnett and Ray Allen to join Paul Pierce.

Answer: True

Explanation: In the 2007 offseason, the Celtics successfully assembled a new 'Big Three' by acquiring Kevin Garnett and Ray Allen to complement existing star Paul Pierce.

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Paul Pierce was named Finals MVP when the Celtics defeated the Los Angeles Lakers in the 2008 NBA Finals.

Answer: True

Explanation: Paul Pierce was honored as the Finals MVP following the Boston Celtics' victory over the Los Angeles Lakers in the 2008 NBA Finals.

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The Celtics set a record for the fewest games played in a single postseason during their 2008 championship run.

Answer: False

Explanation: Contrary to the assertion, the Celtics' 2008 championship run set a record for the most games played in a single postseason, totaling 26 games, not the fewest.

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The Celtics achieved the best start in NBA history during the 2008-09 season, winning their first 27 games.

Answer: True

Explanation: The 2008-09 Celtics achieved a historically significant start to their season, posting a 27-2 record, which represented the best start in NBA history at that point.

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Kendrick Perkins' injury in the 2010 NBA Finals significantly impacted the Celtics' ability to defeat the Lakers.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Celtics' ability to contend in the 2010 NBA Finals against the Lakers was notably affected by the severe knee injury sustained by starting center Kendrick Perkins early in Game Six.

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Ray Allen remained with the Celtics alongside Paul Pierce and Kevin Garnett for the entire duration of the 'Big Three' era.

Answer: False

Explanation: Ray Allen did not remain with the Celtics for the entire duration of the 'Big Three' era; he departed for the Miami Heat in the 2012 offseason.

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The trade sending Paul Pierce and Kevin Garnett to the Brooklyn Nets in 2013 initiated a youth movement and acquisition of future draft picks for the Celtics.

Answer: True

Explanation: The 2013 trade involving Paul Pierce and Kevin Garnett's move to the Brooklyn Nets was instrumental in initiating a strategic youth movement and securing numerous future first-round draft picks for the Celtics.

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Brad Stevens was hired as the Celtics' head coach after previously coaching the Los Angeles Lakers.

Answer: False

Explanation: Brad Stevens was appointed head coach of the Celtics in 2013, having previously served as the head coach at Butler University, not the Los Angeles Lakers.

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In the 2017 NBA draft, the Celtics traded down from the first overall pick to select Jayson Tatum.

Answer: True

Explanation: During the 2017 NBA draft, the Celtics strategically traded the first overall selection to acquire the third pick and additional assets, subsequently selecting Jayson Tatum.

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The trade that brought Kyrie Irving to Boston in 2017 sent Isaiah Thomas, Jae Crowder, Ante Žižić, and a 2018 first-round pick to the Cleveland Cavaliers.

Answer: True

Explanation: The trade that facilitated Kyrie Irving's arrival in Boston in 2017 involved the Celtics sending Isaiah Thomas, Jae Crowder, Ante Žižić, and a 2018 first-round draft pick to the Cleveland Cavaliers.

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Despite Gordon Hayward's injury in 2017-18, the Celtics achieved a franchise-record 16-game winning streak.

Answer: False

Explanation: Although the Celtics achieved a 16-game winning streak during the 2017-18 season despite Gordon Hayward's injury, this streak was the fourth-longest in franchise history, not a franchise record.

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In the 2019 playoffs, the Celtics were eliminated by the Toronto Raptors in the Conference Semifinals.

Answer: False

Explanation: In the 2019 playoffs, the Boston Celtics were eliminated by the Milwaukee Bucks in the Conference Semifinals, not by the Toronto Raptors.

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Kemba Walker was acquired by the Celtics in 2019 after Kyrie Irving departed.

Answer: True

Explanation: The acquisition of Kemba Walker by the Celtics in 2019 occurred subsequent to the departure of Kyrie Irving from the team.

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The Celtics reached the NBA Finals in the 2021-22 season, losing to the Golden State Warriors.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Boston Celtics advanced to the NBA Finals during the 2021-22 season, ultimately being defeated by the Golden State Warriors.

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What significant player movement occurred during the 2019 offseason for the Celtics?

Answer: Kyrie Irving and Al Horford departed; Kemba Walker was acquired.

Explanation: In the 2019 offseason, Kyrie Irving and Al Horford departed the Celtics, with Kemba Walker being acquired via a sign-and-trade agreement.

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In the 2021-22 season, the Celtics reached the NBA Finals but ultimately lost to which team?

Answer: Golden State Warriors

Explanation: The Boston Celtics advanced to the NBA Finals during the 2021-22 season, ultimately being defeated by the Golden State Warriors in six games.

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Which players were acquired in the 2007 offseason to form a new 'Big Three' with Paul Pierce?

Answer: Kevin Garnett and Ray Allen

Explanation: In the 2007 offseason, the Celtics successfully assembled a new 'Big Three' by acquiring Kevin Garnett and Ray Allen to complement existing star Paul Pierce.

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Who was named Finals MVP when the Celtics defeated the Los Angeles Lakers in the 2008 NBA Finals?

Answer: Paul Pierce

Explanation: Paul Pierce was honored as the Finals MVP following the Boston Celtics' victory over the Los Angeles Lakers in the 2008 NBA Finals.

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What record did the Celtics set during their 2008 championship postseason run?

Answer: Most wins in a single postseason (26 games)

Explanation: During their 2008 championship run, the Celtics set a record for the most games played in a single postseason, participating in a total of 26 games.

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What remarkable start did the 2008-09 Celtics achieve?

Answer: Best start in NBA history at 27-2, including a 19-game winning streak.

Explanation: The 2008-09 Celtics achieved a historically significant start to their season, posting a 27-2 record, which represented the best start in NBA history at that point.

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What factor significantly contributed to the Celtics losing the 2010 NBA Finals to the Lakers?

Answer: Kendrick Perkins suffered a severe knee injury early in Game Six.

Explanation: The Celtics' ability to contend in the 2010 NBA Finals against the Lakers was notably affected by the severe knee injury sustained by starting center Kendrick Perkins early in Game Six.

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Which player departed for the Miami Heat in the 2012 offseason, marking the end of the 'Big Three' era?

Answer: Ray Allen

Explanation: Ray Allen departed for the Miami Heat in the 2012 offseason, marking a somewhat acrimonious end to the five-year 'Big Three' era with Pierce and Garnett.

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What was the primary outcome for the Celtics from the 2013 trade that sent Paul Pierce and Kevin Garnett to the Brooklyn Nets?

Answer: The beginning of a youth movement and acquisition of future first-round draft picks.

Explanation: The 2013 trade involving Paul Pierce and Kevin Garnett's move to the Brooklyn Nets was instrumental in initiating a strategic youth movement and securing numerous future first-round draft picks for the Celtics.

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Who was hired as the Celtics' head coach in 2013, replacing Doc Rivers?

Answer: Brad Stevens

Explanation: Brad Stevens was appointed head coach of the Celtics in 2013, having previously served as the head coach at Butler University, not the Los Angeles Lakers.

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In the 2017 NBA draft, the Celtics traded the first overall pick to acquire which selection and future assets?

Answer: The third overall pick

Explanation: During the 2017 NBA draft, the Celtics strategically traded the first overall selection to acquire the third pick and additional assets, subsequently selecting Jayson Tatum.

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What assets did the Celtics send to the Cleveland Cavaliers in the 2017 trade for Kyrie Irving?

Answer: Isaiah Thomas, Jae Crowder, Ante Žižić, and a 2018 first-round pick

Explanation: The trade that facilitated Kyrie Irving's arrival in Boston in 2017 involved the Celtics sending Isaiah Thomas, Jae Crowder, Ante Žižić, and a 2018 first-round draft pick to the Cleveland Cavaliers.

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What significant streak did the Celtics achieve during the 2017-18 season, despite Gordon Hayward's injury?

Answer: A 16-game winning streak, the fourth-longest in franchise history.

Explanation: Although the Celtics achieved a 16-game winning streak during the 2017-18 season despite Gordon Hayward's injury, this streak was the fourth-longest in franchise history, not a franchise record.

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Which team eliminated the Boston Celtics in the Conference Semifinals of the 2019 playoffs?

Answer: Milwaukee Bucks

Explanation: In the 2019 playoffs, the Boston Celtics were eliminated by the Milwaukee Bucks in the Conference Semifinals, not by the Toronto Raptors.

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What significant player movement occurred during the 2019 offseason for the Celtics?

Answer: Kyrie Irving and Al Horford departed; Kemba Walker was acquired.

Explanation: In the 2019 offseason, Kyrie Irving and Al Horford departed the Celtics, with Kemba Walker being acquired via a sign-and-trade agreement.

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Recent and Current Team Dynamics (2010s-Present)

Joe Mazzulla was named permanent head coach in 2023 after leading the team to the worst record in the league at the All-Star break.

Answer: False

Explanation: Joe Mazzulla was appointed permanent head coach in 2023 following his success in leading the team to the league's best record at the NBA All-Star break during the 2022-23 season, not the worst.

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The Celtics' 2023-24 regular season record was 64 wins and 18 losses.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Boston Celtics concluded the 2023-24 regular season with a distinguished record of 64 wins and 18 losses, marking the best performance in the NBA.

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The Celtics won their 18th NBA championship in the 2023-24 season by defeating the Milwaukee Bucks in the NBA Finals.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Boston Celtics secured their 18th NBA championship in the 2023-24 season by defeating the Dallas Mavericks in the NBA Finals, not the Milwaukee Bucks.

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In the 2024-25 playoffs, the Celtics were eliminated in the Conference Finals by the New York Knicks.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Celtics were eliminated in the Conference Semifinals of the 2025 playoffs by the New York Knicks, not in the Conference Finals.

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What was the Celtics' record during the 2023-24 regular season?

Answer: 64-18

Explanation: The Boston Celtics concluded the 2023-24 regular season with a distinguished record of 64 wins and 18 losses, marking the best performance in the NBA.

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In the 2023-24 NBA Finals, who did the Boston Celtics defeat to win their 18th championship?

Answer: Dallas Mavericks

Explanation: The Boston Celtics secured their 18th NBA championship in the 2023-24 season by defeating the Dallas Mavericks in the NBA Finals, not the Milwaukee Bucks.

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What was the Celtics' playoff outcome in the 2024-25 season?

Answer: Lost in the Conference Semifinals to the New York Knicks.

Explanation: The Celtics were eliminated in the Conference Semifinals of the 2025 playoffs by the New York Knicks, not in the Conference Finals.

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Team Records, Traditions, and Rivalries

The Boston Celtics have won an NBA-record 17 championships.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Boston Celtics hold the NBA record for championships, having won 18 titles, not 17.

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The Celtics-Lakers rivalry is considered the NBA's greatest, with the Celtics holding a 9-3 advantage in their Finals matchups.

Answer: True

Explanation: The rivalry between the Boston Celtics and the Los Angeles Lakers is widely regarded as the NBA's premier rivalry, marked by twelve NBA Finals meetings where the Celtics hold a 9-3 advantage.

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The Celtics' original logo featuring a leprechaun was designed by head coach Red Auerbach.

Answer: False

Explanation: The original Celtics logo, depicting a leprechaun, was designed by Zang Auerbach, the brother of head coach Red Auerbach, not by Red Auerbach himself.

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For much of their history, the Celtics traditionally wore white sneakers, a practice started by Red Auerbach.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Celtics traditionally wore black sneakers for much of their history, a practice initiated by Red Auerbach who believed they were more practical than white ones.

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The Auerbach Center, the Celtics' practice facility, opened in 2018.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Auerbach Center, serving as the official practice facility for the Boston Celtics, commenced operations in 2018.

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The nickname 'Celtics' and the mascot Lucky the Leprechaun are inspired by Boston's Irish heritage and an early 20th-century barnstorming team.

Answer: True

Explanation: The team's designation as 'Celtics' and the adoption of Lucky the Leprechaun as a mascot are indeed rooted in Boston's substantial Irish heritage and the historical context of the Original Celtics barnstorming team.

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The Boston Celtics have retired 23 jersey numbers, the most of any American sports team.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Boston Celtics franchise has retired 23 jersey numbers, a quantity that exceeds that of any other American sports team.

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As of December 2023, the Boston Celtics hold the record for the most NBA playoff wins.

Answer: False

Explanation: While the Boston Celtics possess numerous records, including the most NBA regular season wins as of December 2023, the assertion regarding the most NBA playoff wins requires specific confirmation beyond the provided data.

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The Celtics-Hawks rivalry has seen the Celtics win ten out of eleven playoff series meetings.

Answer: True

Explanation: The historical rivalry between the Celtics and the Hawks, particularly intensified in recent years, includes eleven playoff series meetings where the Celtics have emerged victorious in ten instances.

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The Celtics' 2020-21 season resulted in a winning record and a deep playoff run.

Answer: False

Explanation: The 2020-21 season for the Boston Celtics concluded with a .500 winning percentage (36-36) and a first-round playoff exit, which does not constitute a winning record or a deep playoff run.

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Forty-eight individuals associated with the Boston Celtics have been inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Boston Celtics franchise boasts a significant legacy, with forty-eight individuals connected to the team having been inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame.

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The GE logo appeared on Celtics jerseys as part of a sponsorship deal related to analytics.

Answer: True

Explanation: The presence of the GE logo on Celtics jerseys was indeed a result of a sponsorship agreement, specifically designating General Electric as the team's exclusive Data and Analytics partner.

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The 'Parquet Pride' alternate uniforms featured sleeves and were gray in color.

Answer: True

Explanation: The 'Parquet Pride' alternate uniforms, utilized between 2014 and 2017, were characterized by their gray color scheme and the inclusion of sleeves.

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The 2022-23 'City' uniform commemorated Larry Bird's championships.

Answer: False

Explanation: The 2022-23 'City' uniform was designed as a memorial to Bill Russell, commemorating his eleven championships, rather than honoring Larry Bird's achievements.

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The origin of the Boston Celtics' nickname and mascot is linked to which cultural aspect and historical entity?

Answer: Irish heritage and the Original Celtics barnstorming team.

Explanation: The team's designation as 'Celtics' and the adoption of Lucky the Leprechaun as a mascot are indeed rooted in Boston's substantial Irish heritage and the historical context of the Original Celtics barnstorming team.

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How many jersey numbers have the Boston Celtics retired?

Answer: 23

Explanation: The Boston Celtics franchise has retired 23 jersey numbers, a quantity that exceeds that of any other American sports team.

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The Celtics-Lakers rivalry is considered the NBA's greatest. What is the Celtics' advantage in their Finals matchups?

Answer: Celtics lead 9-3

Explanation: The rivalry between the Boston Celtics and the Los Angeles Lakers is widely regarded as the NBA's premier rivalry, marked by twelve NBA Finals meetings where the Celtics hold a 9-3 advantage.

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What was the Celtics' record for the 2020-21 season?

Answer: 36-36

Explanation: The 2020-21 season for the Boston Celtics concluded with a .500 winning percentage (36-36) and a first-round playoff exit, which does not constitute a winning record or a deep playoff run.

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How many individuals associated with the Boston Celtics have been inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame?

Answer: 48

Explanation: The Boston Celtics franchise boasts a significant legacy, with forty-eight individuals connected to the team having been inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame.

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The GE logo appearing on Celtics jerseys was associated with which partnership?

Answer: Exclusive Data and Analytics partner

Explanation: The presence of the GE logo on Celtics jerseys was indeed a result of a sponsorship agreement, specifically designating General Electric as the team's exclusive Data and Analytics partner.

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What characterized the 'Parquet Pride' alternate uniforms used from 2014 to 2017?

Answer: Gray with white letters, green trim, and sleeves.

Explanation: The 'Parquet Pride' alternate uniforms, utilized between 2014 and 2017, were characterized by their gray color scheme and the inclusion of sleeves.

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What was the commemorative purpose of the Celtics' 2022-23 'City' uniform?

Answer: To memorialize Bill Russell and his championships.

Explanation: The 2022-23 'City' uniform was designed as a memorial to Bill Russell, commemorating his eleven championships, rather than honoring Larry Bird's achievements.

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