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Broadly, Central Russia is understood to encompass various areas located within European Russia.
Answer: True
Explanation: The article broadly defines Central Russia as various areas situated within European Russia, indicating a general geographical scope.
The geographical scope of Central Russia has remained consistent throughout history, with a single, static definition.
Answer: False
Explanation: The text explicitly states that the understanding of Central Russia's geographical scope has varied historically, depending on the specific purpose or context of its definition, thus refuting a static definition.
When Central Russia is defined as part of European Russia, it always includes the North Caucasus region and the Kaliningrad Oblast.
Answer: False
Explanation: The article indicates that when Central Russia is defined as European Russia, it may sometimes exclude the North Caucasus region and the Kaliningrad Oblast, implying these are not always included.
According to the article, what is the broad definition of Central Russia?
Answer: Various areas located within European Russia.
Explanation: The article broadly defines Central Russia as encompassing various areas located within European Russia.
How has the understanding of Central Russia's geographical scope evolved historically?
Answer: It has varied depending on the particular purpose or context for which it was being defined.
Explanation: The text indicates that the geographical scope of Central Russia has historically varied based on the specific purpose or context of its definition.
Which regions are sometimes excluded when Central Russia is considered part of European Russia?
Answer: The North Caucasus region and the Kaliningrad Oblast.
Explanation: When Central Russia is defined as European Russia, the North Caucasus region and the Kaliningrad Oblast are sometimes excluded.
Stephen P. Dunn and Ethel Dunn authored the 1967 book *The Peasants of Central Russia*.
Answer: True
Explanation: Both flashcards confirm that Stephen P. Dunn and Ethel Dunn are the authors of the 1967 book *The Peasants of Central Russia*.
The 1967 book *The Peasants of Central Russia* defined the region as extending from the Ural Mountains in the east to the Baltic Sea in the west.
Answer: False
Explanation: Dunn and Dunn's 1967 book defines Central Russia's eastern boundary as the Volga River and its western boundary as Smolensk Oblast, not the Ural Mountains and the Baltic Sea.
A review clarified that Dunn and Dunn's definition of Central Russia is primarily an economic and political concept.
Answer: False
Explanation: A review of Dunn and Dunn's work clarified their concept of Central Russia as a historical and ethnographical one, not primarily economic and political.
The general topic of *The Peasants of Central Russia* focuses on the industrial development of the region.
Answer: False
Explanation: The general topic of *The Peasants of Central Russia* is the study of the peasantry within the Central Russia region, not its industrial development.
The ethnographical concept of Central Russia, as defined by Dunn and Dunn, is historically associated with the Great Russians.
Answer: True
Explanation: The flashcard confirms that the ethnographical concept of Central Russia, as discussed in the text, is historically associated with the Great Russians.
Who authored the 1967 book *The Peasants of Central Russia*?
Answer: Stephen P. Dunn and Ethel Dunn.
Explanation: Stephen P. Dunn and Ethel Dunn are identified as the authors of the 1967 book *The Peasants of Central Russia*.
According to Stephen P. Dunn and Ethel Dunn's 1967 book, what forms the eastern boundary of Central Russia?
Answer: The Volga River.
Explanation: Stephen P. Dunn and Ethel Dunn's 1967 book defines the Volga River as the eastern boundary of Central Russia.
A review clarified Dunn and Dunn's concept of Central Russia to be what kind of concept?
Answer: A historical and ethnographical one.
Explanation: A review of Dunn and Dunn's work clarified their concept of Central Russia as a historical and ethnographical one.
Which ethnic group is historically associated with the Central Russia area, according to the ethnographical concept discussed?
Answer: The Great Russians.
Explanation: The ethnographical concept of Central Russia, as discussed in the text, is historically associated with the Great Russians.
What is the general topic of the book *The Peasants of Central Russia*?
Answer: The study of the peasantry within the Central Russia region.
Explanation: The book *The Peasants of Central Russia* focuses on the study of the peasantry within the Central Russia region.
According to Dunn and Dunn's definition, what forms the northern boundary of Central Russia?
Answer: Novgorod Oblast.
Explanation: Dunn and Dunn's definition specifies Novgorod Oblast as the northern boundary of Central Russia.
The Central Agricultural Zone (Russia) is explicitly detailed in the main text as a primary component of Central Russia.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Central Agricultural Zone (Russia) is mentioned in the 'See also' section, indicating a related entity, but its precise relationship or explicit detailing as a primary component in the main text is not provided.
The Central Military District is located within Central Russia, as its name suggests.
Answer: False
Explanation: The article clarifies that the Central Military District is geographically situated in the Ural and Siberia regions, explicitly stating it is not within Central Russia itself, despite its name.
The 'Central Russia map.svg' visually illustrates only the Central Federal District and European Russia.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'Central Russia map.svg' visually represents three distinct divisions: the Central Economic Region, the Central Federal District, and European Russia, not just two.
On the Central Russia map, the Central Economic Region is visually distinguished by the color light red.
Answer: True
Explanation: The flashcard explicitly states that the Central Economic Region is visually distinguished by the color light red on the Central Russia map.
The Central Federal District is shown in green on the Central Russia map.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Central Federal District is visually distinguished by the color yellow on the Central Russia map, not green.
The Central Russian Upland is a geographical feature explicitly stated to be outside the broader concept of Central Russia.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Central Russian Upland is mentioned in the 'See also' section, suggesting it is related to or located within the broader concept of Central Russia, not explicitly outside it.
Where is the Central Military District geographically situated, according to the article?
Answer: In the Ural and Siberia regions.
Explanation: The article explicitly states that the Central Military District is geographically situated in the Ural and Siberia regions, not within Central Russia itself.
What is the purpose of the map titled 'Central Russia map.svg' within the article?
Answer: To illustrate different interpretations or components of 'Central Russia'.
Explanation: The 'Central Russia map.svg' visually illustrates different interpretations or components of 'Central Russia' using distinct colors for various regions.
How is the Central Federal District visually distinguished on the Central Russia map?
Answer: By the color yellow.
Explanation: On the Central Russia map, the Central Federal District is visually distinguished by the color yellow.
Which of the following is NOT a division visually represented on the Central Russia map?
Answer: The Central Military District.
Explanation: The Central Russia map visually represents the Central Economic Region, the Central Federal District, and European Russia. The Central Military District is explicitly stated to be outside Central Russia and is not shown on this map.
What color distinguishes European Russia on the Central Russia map?
Answer: Green.
Explanation: On the Central Russia map, European Russia is visually distinguished by the color green.
The 'More citations needed' banner indicates that the article requires additional images for visual enhancement.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'More citations needed' banner primarily indicates that the article requires additional citations for verification, not images for visual enhancement.
The 'Central Russia' article is currently marked as a 'stub,' indicating it is a complete and fully developed article.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'stub' status indicates that the article is a Russian location article needing further development and expansion, not that it is complete and fully developed.
The 'shortdescription' element in the Wikipedia article provides a concise summary: 'Various areas in European Russia.'
Answer: True
Explanation: The flashcard confirms that the 'shortdescription' element provides the concise summary: 'Various areas in European Russia.'
The hatnote at the beginning of the article clarifies that 'Central Russia' is synonymous with the 'geographical center of Russia'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The hatnote serves as a disambiguation notice, clarifying that 'Central Russia' should *not* be confused with the 'geographical Central Russia' or the 'geographical center of Russia'.
What is the significance of the 'shortdescription' element in the Wikipedia article?
Answer: It provides a concise summary: 'Various areas in European Russia.'
Explanation: The 'shortdescription' element serves to provide a concise summary of the article's subject, specifically 'Various areas in European Russia.'
According to the hatnote, 'Central Russia' should not be confused with which specific geographical entities?
Answer: The 'geographical Central Russia' or the 'geographical center of Russia'.
Explanation: The hatnote explicitly states that 'Central Russia' should not be confused with the 'geographical Central Russia' or the 'geographical center of Russia'.
The 'Central Russia' article is currently marked as a 'stub'. What does this status indicate?
Answer: It is a Russian location article that needs further development and expansion.
Explanation: The 'stub' status on Wikipedia indicates that the article is incomplete and requires further development and expansion.
DeepL and Google Translate are mentioned as useful starting points for machine translation of Wikipedia content.
Answer: True
Explanation: The article explicitly mentions DeepL and Google Translate as useful starting points for machine translation, providing an initial draft for translators.
Translators using machine translation tools for Wikipedia content should simply copy-paste the output directly into the article.
Answer: False
Explanation: Translators are advised to revise any errors and confirm accuracy after using machine translation tools, rather than simply copy-pasting the output directly.
Copyright attribution for translated Wikipedia content requires including an interlanguage link to the source in the edit summary.
Answer: True
Explanation: The guidelines for copyright attribution specify that an interlanguage link to the source of the translation must be included in the edit summary.
The {{Translated}} template should be added to the article's main page for copyright attribution after translating from Russian Wikipedia.
Answer: False
Explanation: The {{Translated}} template is recommended to be added to the *talk page* for copyright attribution, not the article's main page.
The recommended action to verify translated text is to check it against references provided in the foreign-language article, if possible.
Answer: True
Explanation: The recommended action for verifying translated text, if feasible, is to cross-reference it with the sources cited in the original foreign-language article.
Translating unreliable or low-quality text is encouraged to ensure comprehensive coverage of the source material.
Answer: False
Explanation: The general advice for handling unreliable or low-quality text during translation is to avoid translating it, to maintain the credibility of the English Wikipedia article.
What crucial step must translators perform after using machine translation tools for Wikipedia content?
Answer: Revise any errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate.
Explanation: After using machine translation tools, translators are required to revise any errors and confirm the accuracy of the translation to ensure quality and reliability.
What specific information must be included in the edit summary for copyright attribution when translating content for Wikipedia?
Answer: An interlanguage link to the source of the translation.
Explanation: For copyright attribution, the edit summary must include an interlanguage link to the source of the translation, as per Wikipedia guidelines.
What template is recommended to be added to the talk page for copyright attribution after translating from Russian Wikipedia?
Answer: {{Translated|ru|Средняя полоса России}}
Explanation: The template {{Translated|ru|Средняя полоса России}} is specifically recommended for addition to the talk page for copyright attribution after translating from Russian Wikipedia.
What is the recommended action for handling unreliable or low-quality text during translation for Wikipedia?
Answer: Avoid translating it.
Explanation: The recommended practice for unreliable or low-quality text is to avoid translating it to maintain the integrity of Wikipedia content.
What is the recommended action, if possible, to verify translated text for Wikipedia?
Answer: Check it against references provided in the foreign-language article.
Explanation: To verify translated text, it is recommended, if possible, to check it against the references provided in the original foreign-language article.
Which of the following machine translation tools are mentioned as useful starting points for translation?
Answer: DeepL and Google Translate.
Explanation: DeepL and Google Translate are specifically mentioned as useful starting points for machine translation.
The corrected edition of *The Peasants of Central Russia* was published in 1978, including new introductory material.
Answer: False
Explanation: The corrected edition of *The Peasants of Central Russia* was published in 1988, not 1978.
Stephen P. Dunn and Ethel Dunn translated the article 'On the Study of the Russian Peasantry'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The flashcard confirms that Stephen P. Dunn and Ethel Dunn translated the article 'On the Study of the Russian Peasantry'.
The article 'On the Study of the Russian Peasantry' was published in *Current Anthropology*, Volume 14, Number 3/4.
Answer: False
Explanation: The article 'On the Study of the Russian Peasantry' was published in *Current Anthropology*, Volume 14, Number 1/2, not 3/4.
The JSTOR identifier 2741107 is associated with the article 'On the Study of the Russian Peasantry'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The flashcard confirms that the JSTOR identifier for the article 'On the Study of the Russian Peasantry' is 2741107.
What kind of sources are suggested for verifying information in the article?
Answer: News articles, books, academic scholar articles, and JSTOR entries.
Explanation: The article suggests reliable sources for verification include news articles, books, academic scholar articles, and JSTOR entries.
When was the corrected edition of *The Peasants of Central Russia*, including new introductory material and a reading list, published?
Answer: 1988
Explanation: The corrected edition of *The Peasants of Central Russia*, featuring new introductory material and a reading list, was published in 1988.
Who translated the article 'On the Study of the Russian Peasantry' by L. A. Anokhina, V. Iu. Krupianskaia, and M. N. Shmeleva?
Answer: Stephen P. Dunn and Ethel Dunn.
Explanation: Stephen P. Dunn and Ethel Dunn are credited with translating the article 'On the Study of the Russian Peasantry'.
In which journal and volume was the article 'On the Study of the Russian Peasantry' published?
Answer: *Current Anthropology*, Volume 14, Number 1/2.
Explanation: The article 'On the Study of the Russian Peasantry' was published in *Current Anthropology*, Volume 14, Number 1/2.
What is the JSTOR identifier for the article 'On the Study of the Russian Peasantry'?
Answer: 2741107
Explanation: The JSTOR identifier for the article 'On the Study of the Russian Peasantry' is 2741107.