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The Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary is situated on the northern periphery of Cuttack city.
Answer: True
Explanation: The sanctuary's location is precisely on the northern fringe of Cuttack city, establishing its geographical context.
Bhubaneswar is identified as the major city situated nearest to the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
Answer: False
Explanation: The nearest major city to the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary is Cuttack, not Bhubaneswar. This question tests geographical proximity.
The Chandaka forest ecosystem is situated within the Eastern Ghats biotic region.
Answer: True
Explanation: The sanctuary's ecological context is firmly established by its location within the Eastern Ghats biotic region.
In which Indian state is the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary situated?
Answer: Odisha
Explanation: The Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary is located in the Indian state of Odisha.
Across which two administrative districts does the Chandaka forest area extend?
Answer: Cuttack and Khurdha
Explanation: The Chandaka forest area spans across the districts of Khurdha and Cuttack.
Which city is identified as being nearest to the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: Cuttack
Explanation: The city identified as being nearest to the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary is Cuttack.
The geographical context of the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary is described as being situated on the Khurdha uplands within which biotic region?
Answer: Eastern Ghats
Explanation: The sanctuary is situated on the Khurdha uplands, placing it within the Eastern Ghats biotic region.
The Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary was officially designated as an elephant reserve in 1982.
Answer: True
Explanation: The formal establishment of the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary as an elephant reserve occurred in 1982.
The Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary is classified under IUCN Category II, which designates it as a national park.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is factually incorrect. The Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary is classified under IUCN Category IV, which pertains to a habitat/species management area, not Category II (National Park).
What is the designated IUCN category for the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: Category IV (Habitat/Species Management Area)
Explanation: The Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary is classified under IUCN Category IV, which designates it as a habitat/species management area.
Thorny bamboo brakes constitute one of the six principal categories of floral diversity present within the Chandaka forest.
Answer: True
Explanation: The statement accurately identifies thorny bamboo brakes as one of the six main floral diversity types found in the Chandaka forest.
The bamboo species *Dendrocalamus strictus*, commonly known as Male bamboo, is noted for its abundance throughout the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is inaccurate. *Dendrocalamus strictus* (Male bamboo) is specifically noted for having a very restricted distribution within the sanctuary, rather than being abundant.
The tree species Sal (*Shorea robusta*) is explicitly mentioned as a key component of the sanctuary's arboreal diversity.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source material confirms that Sal (*Shorea robusta*) is indeed listed as one of the key tree species found within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
Mucuna pruriens, locally recognized as baidanka, is identified as a common medicinal plant present within the sanctuary's flora.
Answer: True
Explanation: The statement is correct; Mucuna pruriens (baidanka) is listed among the common medicinal plants found in the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
Which of the following is NOT enumerated among the six principal types of floral diversity found in the Chandaka forest?
Answer: Tropical Evergreen Forests
Explanation: The six main types of floral diversity listed are: secondary moist miscellaneous semi-evergreen forests, moist Kangada forests, coastal Sal forests, thorny bamboo brakes, planted teak, and Eupatorium scrub. Tropical Evergreen Forests are not explicitly listed among these six.
Which specific bamboo species is noted for possessing a very restricted distribution within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: Dendrocalamus strictus (Male bamboo)
Explanation: The bamboo species *Dendrocalamus strictus*, commonly known as Male bamboo, is specifically mentioned as having a very restricted distribution within the sanctuary.
Which of the following is mentioned as a common medicinal plant indigenous to the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: Mucuna pruriens (Baidanka)
Explanation: Mucuna pruriens, also known as baidanka, is listed as one of the common medicinal plants found within the sanctuary.
Within the Chandaka sanctuary, where are ground orchids, ferns, and bryophytes typically located?
Answer: In shady, wet pockets and rock escarpments
Explanation: These species are typically found in shady, moist pockets and along rock escarpments within the sanctuary.
Which of the following is NOT enumerated as a type of flora typically found in the shady, wet areas or rock escarpments of the sanctuary?
Answer: Mangrove species
Explanation: While ground orchids, ferns, and bryophytes are found in these microhabitats, mangrove species are not typically associated with shady, wet pockets and rock escarpments within the sanctuary.
Which of the following is identified as a key tree species present in the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary, according to the source material?
Answer: Teak
Explanation: Teak (*Tectona grandis*) is listed as one of the key tree species found within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
The Indian elephant holds the designation of the flagship species for the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
Answer: True
Explanation: This designation is accurate; the Indian elephant is recognized as the flagship species, signifying the habitat's ecological importance and productivity.
Within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary's ecological framework, the tiger is identified as the apex predator.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is factually incorrect. The leopard, not the tiger, is identified as the apex predator in the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary's biological pyramid.
Gray langurs and rhesus monkeys are documented as common mammalian inhabitants of the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
Answer: True
Explanation: The presence of gray langurs and rhesus monkeys is confirmed as part of the common mammal species found within the sanctuary.
Chital (spotted deer) are rarely encountered within the sanctuary and actively avoid forest openings.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is inaccurate. Chital are frequently observed in groups within forest openings and grasslands, indicating they are common and do not avoid these areas.
Recent evidence indicates the absence of tigers within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. Footprints observed in 2012 suggest the presence of tigers in the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary in recent times, contradicting the notion of their absence.
The paradise flycatcher and the great horned owl are listed among the prominent avian species inhabiting the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
Answer: True
Explanation: The statement is accurate; the paradise flycatcher and the great horned owl are indeed identified as prominent bird species within the sanctuary.
Common teal and Brahminy duck are identified as resident bird species found at the Kumarkhunti reservoir.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. Common teal and Brahminy duck are specifically identified as migratory duck species found at the Kumarkhunti reservoir during winter, not as resident birds.
Asiatic rock pythons and Bengal monitor lizards are considered rare reptile species within the sanctuary.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is factually incorrect. Asiatic rock pythons and Bengal monitor lizards are identified as common reptile species within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
Mugger crocodiles, following their introduction into the sanctuary, have demonstrated significant adaptation to the available water bodies.
Answer: False
Explanation: The statement that Mugger crocodiles have struggled to adapt is incorrect. They have shown remarkable adaptation to the water bodies within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary after their release.
A 2002 report by the Zoological Survey of India documented the sanctuary hosting over 150 species of birds.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. The 2002 report by the Zoological Survey of India documented approximately 167 species of birds within the sanctuary, thus exceeding the threshold of 150.
The presence of Indian elephants as the flagship species signifies a potential decline in the habitat's productivity.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is factually incorrect. The designation of the Indian elephant as the flagship species signifies the potential productivity of the habitat, not a decline.
According to the provided information, which animal occupies the apex position in the biological pyramid of the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: Leopard
Explanation: The source identifies the leopard as the animal at the apex of the biological pyramid within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
Which of the following mammalian species is NOT listed among the inhabitants of the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: Gaur
Explanation: The list of mammals inhabiting the sanctuary includes wild boar, gray langur, barking deer, and chital, among others. Gaur is not mentioned as being present.
What ecological significance is attributed to the presence of Indian elephants as the flagship species within the Chandaka habitat?
Answer: The potential productivity of the habitat
Explanation: The presence of Indian elephants as the flagship species signifies the potential productivity of the habitat, indicating a healthy ecosystem capable of supporting large herbivores.
Which of the following avian species is listed as prominent within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: Indian Peafowl
Explanation: The Indian Peafowl is listed as a prominent bird species found in the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
During the winter season, the Kumarkhunti reservoir serves as a crucial area for which category of birds?
Answer: Migratory duck species
Explanation: During winter, the Kumarkhunti reservoir acts as a crucial transient roosting and feeding ground for various migratory duck species.
Which of the following reptile species is identified as common within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: Bengal monitor lizard
Explanation: The Bengal monitor lizard is identified as a common reptile species found in the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
Describe the adaptation of Mugger crocodiles following their release into the sanctuary's water bodies.
Answer: They have shown remarkable adaptation.
Explanation: Mugger crocodiles have demonstrated remarkable adaptation to the large water bodies within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary subsequent to their introduction.
As per the 2002 report by the Zoological Survey of India, what was the documented species count for mammals within the sanctuary?
Answer: 37
Explanation: The 2002 report by the Zoological Survey of India documented 37 species of mammals within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
According to the source, what role does the Kumarkhunti reservoir fulfill for migratory birds during the month of July?
Answer: It becomes a habitat for migratory birds like open-billed storks.
Explanation: In July, the Kumarkhunti reservoir transforms into a habitat for migratory birds such as open-billed storks, pond herons, egrets, and cormorants.
Based on the provided text, how are Chital (spotted deer) typically encountered within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: In groups on forest roads, openings, and grasslands
Explanation: Chital are typically encountered in groups on forest roads, in forest openings, grasslands, and near the foreshore of water bodies within the sanctuary.
Which of the following reptile species is mentioned as being quite common within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: Asiatic Rock Python
Explanation: The Asiatic rock python is mentioned as being a common reptile species within the sanctuary.
What was the total species count for amphibians reported by the Zoological Survey of India in 2002 for the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: 13
Explanation: The 2002 report by the Zoological Survey of India documented 13 species of amphibians within the sanctuary.
The Divisional Forest Officer (DFO) serves as the primary administrative authority responsible for the oversight and management of the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Divisional Forest Officer holds the principal responsibility for the governance and management of the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary.
The Kumarkhunti reservoir functions as a permanent, year-round habitat for resident bird species.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is inaccurate. The Kumarkhunti reservoir serves distinct roles seasonally: it is a transient ground for migratory ducks in winter and a habitat for migratory birds like open-billed storks in July, rather than a permanent year-round habitat for resident species.
The watch towers within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary are constructed primarily for administrative purposes, rather than for wildlife observation.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. The watch towers are strategically built primarily to facilitate wildlife observation for visitors, not solely for administrative functions.
The Kochilaberana watch tower is specifically noted for offering rest house facilities for overnight stays.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is inaccurate. While the Kochilaberana watch tower is noted for wildlife observation, rest house facilities for overnight stays are provided at other locations such as Kumarkhunti and Ambilo, not Kochilaberana.
Deras Dam and Jhumka Dam are identified as two significant water reservoirs situated within the Chandaka reserve.
Answer: True
Explanation: The statement is correct; Deras Dam and Jhumka Dam are indeed two significant water reservoirs located within the Chandaka reserve.
The cottages situated near Deras Dam provide a view of the reserve and offer opportunities to observe wildlife.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect. The cottages near Deras Dam offer a scenic view of the Chandaka reserve and provide opportunities to see wildlife, contrary to the assertion that they do not.
The development of the Chandaka eco-tourism project experienced significant delays, primarily attributed to challenges related to land transfer.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate; the development of the Chandaka eco-tourism project encountered delays primarily due to issues concerning land transfer.
What is the principal function of the watch towers established within the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: To allow visitors to observe wildlife
Explanation: The watch towers are primarily constructed to facilitate wildlife observation for visitors, rather than for administrative purposes.
What does the reference to a "Pachyderm Census" imply regarding activities within the region?
Answer: It suggests efforts are made to count or survey elephant populations.
Explanation: The reference to a "Pachyderm Census" suggests that systematic efforts are undertaken to count and monitor the elephant population within the region or the sanctuary.
What specific issue is cited as having caused delays in the implementation of the Chandaka eco-tourism project?
Answer: Land transfer problems
Explanation: The Chandaka eco-tourism project encountered delays primarily due to issues concerning land transfer.
Identify the two water reservoirs situated within the Chandaka reserve.
Answer: Deras Dam and Jhumka Dam
Explanation: The two water reservoirs located within the Chandaka reserve are Deras Dam and Jhumka Dam.
The local Odia designation for the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary is "Chandaka Hati Abhayaranya".
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate; the local Odia name for the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary is indeed "Chandaka Hati Abhayaranya".
What is the local Odia name for the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary?
Answer: Chandaka Hati Abhayaranya
Explanation: The local Odia name for the Chandaka Elephant Sanctuary is "Chandaka Hati Abhayaranya".