Explanation: The current Gothic structure was largely constructed between 1194 and 1220 AD, following a significant fire in 1194. The period of 1000-1050 AD predates the major Gothic construction phase.

Explanation: The source indicates that at least five earlier cathedrals have occupied the site of the current Chartres Cathedral, not ten.

Explanation: Bishop Fulbert initiated a significant reconstruction following a fire in 1020 AD. The fire in 743 AD occurred much earlier and was addressed by different figures.

Explanation: The 'Cult of Carts' refers to a religious event around 1145 during the cathedral's rebuilding, where penitents reportedly dragged carts laden with supplies to the site, demonstrating public enthusiasm for the project.

Explanation: While a devastating fire occurred on June 10, 1194, it did not destroy the entire cathedral. The crypt and the towers of the west facade survived and were incorporated into the subsequent Gothic structure.

Explanation: The major portions of the new Gothic cathedral were largely completed within approximately twenty-five years after the 1194 fire, with the formal re-consecration occurring in 1260.

Explanation: The re-consecration of Chartres Cathedral in October 1260 was attended by King Louis IX of France, also known as Saint Louis.

Explanation: This statement is factually reversed. Henri IV of France was crowned in Chartres Cathedral in 1594 because Reims Cathedral was occupied by the Catholic League, making the traditional site inaccessible.

Explanation: The 1836 fire primarily destroyed the lead-covered wooden roof and the belfries. The main structure and the renowned stained glass windows remained intact.

Explanation: The School of Chartres, under Bishop Fulbert's leadership, was a preeminent center for religious scholarship and theological development in the 11th century, significantly influencing Scholastic philosophy.

Explanation: Chartres Cathedral is situated in the city of Chartres, France.

Explanation: A significant fire in 1194 destroyed much of the cathedral, prompting its reconstruction in the prevailing Gothic style.

Explanation: The major portions of the new Gothic cathedral were largely completed within approximately twenty-five years after the 1194 fire.

Explanation: The re-consecration of Chartres Cathedral in October 1260 was attended by King Louis IX of France, also known as Saint Louis.

Explanation: Henri IV's coronation occurred at Chartres Cathedral in 1594 because Reims Cathedral was occupied by the Catholic League during the French Wars of Religion, making the traditional coronation site inaccessible.

Explanation: The 1836 fire was caused by workmen's negligence, leading to the destruction of the roof and belfries.

Explanation: Bishop Fulbert is noted for his role in rebuilding the cathedral after the 1020 fire and for establishing Chartres as a significant center for religious scholarship.

Explanation: Henri IV's coronation at Chartres in 1594 occurred during the French Wars of Religion, when Reims was inaccessible due to occupation by the Catholic League.

Explanation: This statement is inaccurate. Chartres Cathedral is predominantly recognized as a prime example of High Gothic and Classic Gothic architecture. While it incorporates elements of Romanesque architecture, particularly in its earlier foundations and crypt, the primary architectural style is Gothic.

Explanation: This statement is incorrect. While the cathedral features prominent flying buttresses, the west end is distinguished by two spires of differing styles: a plain pyramid spire and a taller, more ornate Flamboyant Gothic spire.

Explanation: The nave of Chartres Cathedral is approximately 37 meters high. The figure of 130 meters refers to the cathedral's total length.

Explanation: This is incorrect. The north-west tower, completed in the Flamboyant Gothic style, stands taller at 113 meters, compared to the south-west tower's height of 105 meters.

Explanation: Flying buttresses are a crucial structural innovation in Gothic architecture, serving the primary purpose of transferring the outward thrust of the vaulted ceilings to external piers, thereby allowing for thinner walls and larger window openings.

Explanation: The 'pilier cantonné' design refers to the pier structure composed of bundled half-columns that support the vaults, not to the rose windows.

Explanation: While gargoyles are decorative, they also serve a vital practical function as rain spouts, directing water away from the building's masonry to prevent erosion and damage.

Explanation: The north tower's spire was rebuilt in the Flamboyant Gothic style between 1507 and 1513, following damage from lightning, not in the Romanesque style.

Explanation: The wooden case (buffet) of the Grand Organ at Chartres Cathedral is indeed one of the oldest in France, dating back to the 14th century.

Explanation: Chartres Cathedral is predominantly recognized as a prime example of High Gothic and Classic Gothic architecture.

Explanation: Flying buttresses provided external support, counteracting the outward thrust of the vaults, which enabled the construction of thinner walls and the incorporation of larger window openings characteristic of Gothic architecture.

Explanation: Chartres Cathedral is characterized by flying buttresses and two distinct spires on the west facade, but it does not feature a large, domed roof.

Explanation: The 'pilier cantonné' refers to the distinctive pier design in Chartres Cathedral, where bundles of four half-columns support the vaults.

Explanation: The north-west tower, completed in the Flamboyant Gothic style, stands at 113 meters (371 ft).

Explanation: Gargoyles serve a practical function as rain spouts, directing water away from the building's masonry to prevent erosion and damage.

Explanation: Chartres Cathedral has a total length of approximately 130 meters (430 ft).

Explanation: The 'pilier cantonné' design, by providing strong support, enabled the construction of larger clerestory windows, allowing more light into the cathedral.

Explanation: The portals are richly decorated with sculptures that illustrate biblical stories and theological concepts, serving as a visual 'summa' or encyclopedia of knowledge for both clergy and laypeople.

Explanation: The central portal of the west facade primarily depicts Christ's Second Coming and the End of Time, as described in the Book of Revelation, rather than his earthly Incarnation.

Explanation: The statuary on the north transept portals predominantly focuses on the Old Testament and events leading up to the birth of Christ, particularly the lineage and life of the Virgin Mary. The south transept portals are more associated with Christian martyrs and the Last Judgment.

Explanation: Chartres Cathedral contains approximately 167 stained glass windows, and a significant proportion of the original 12th and 13th-century glass survives, making them remarkably well-preserved medieval works, not primarily modern replicas.

Explanation: The 'Notre-Dame de la Belle-Verrerie' window is renowned for its striking blue color and its depiction of the Virgin Mary and the Christ Child, not for illustrating the Last Judgment.

Explanation: While this interpretation was historically common, current scholarship suggests that the depiction of laborers in the lowest panels of some stained glass windows does not necessarily represent the guilds that commissioned them, as the cost of such windows would have been prohibitive for most guilds.

Explanation: The west rose window, created circa 1215, traditionally depicts the Last Judgment, a common theme for west facades in Gothic cathedrals, rather than the Nativity of Christ.

Explanation: Approximately 152 of the original 176 medieval stained glass windows survive at Chartres Cathedral, representing a remarkable preservation of its original glass.

Explanation: The 'Sedes sapientiae' (Throne of Wisdom) pose specifically depicts the Virgin Mary seated as a throne, holding the Christ Child, rather than Christ in Majesty.

Explanation: The west facade portals focus on different aspects of Christ's role: the right portal depicts his earthly Incarnation, the left his Ascension or pre-Incarnation existence, and the central portal his Second Coming and the End of Time.

Explanation: The central tympanum of the west facade features Christ within a mandorla, surrounded by the four symbols of the Evangelists, representing his Second Coming as described in the Book of Revelation.

Explanation: The statuary of the north transept portals predominantly focuses on the Old Testament and events leading up to the birth of Christ, particularly the lineage and life of the Virgin Mary.

Explanation: Chartres Cathedral contains approximately 167 stained glass windows, renowned for their quantity and quality.

Explanation: The Jesse Window, a significant 12th-century lancet window, depicts Christ's genealogy originating from the figure of Jesse.

Explanation: The 'Notre-Dame de la Belle-Verrerie' window is renowned for its striking blue color and its depiction of the Virgin Mary and the Christ Child.

Explanation: While historically interpreted as representing donor guilds, current scholarship suggests this interpretation is unlikely due to the cost and early date of the windows.

Explanation: The west rose window, created around 1215, traditionally depicts the Last Judgment, a thematic convention for west-facing rose windows in Gothic cathedrals.

Explanation: The 'Sedes sapientiae' (Throne of Wisdom) pose specifically depicts the Virgin Mary seated as a throne, holding the Christ Child.

Explanation: A remarkable proportion of the original 12th and 13th-century stained glass windows at Chartres Cathedral survives, contributing significantly to its artistic and historical value.

Explanation: The north transept portals primarily focus on the Old Testament and events leading to Christ's birth. The south transept portals focus on events after Christ's Crucifixion, including the lives of Christian martyrs and the Last Judgment.

Explanation: The Sancta Camisa is indeed a relic believed to be the tunic worn by the Virgin Mary at the time of Christ's birth, making Chartres a significant pilgrimage site.

Explanation: The labyrinth on the nave floor symbolizes the long and arduous path to salvation, serving as a spiritual metaphor for the pilgrim's journey, rather than representing a path to a treasury.

Explanation: The Well of the Saints-Forts in the crypt is believed to be of Celtic origin and is thirty-three meters deep, not ten meters. It is associated with legends of early Christian martyrs.

Explanation: The Our Lady of the Crypt Chapel houses a reliquary containing a fragment of the reputed veil of the Virgin Mary, gifted in 876.

Explanation: The legend attributes the gift of the Sancta Camisa to Charlemagne, not Charles the Bald. Historical evidence, however, suggests Charles the Bald may have been the donor.

Explanation: The Sancta Camisa, believed to be the tunic worn by the Virgin Mary at Christ's birth, has been a major draw for pilgrims to Chartres Cathedral since the 12th century.

Explanation: The labyrinth symbolizes the long and arduous path to salvation, serving as a spiritual metaphor for the pilgrim's journey.

Explanation: The Well of the Saints-Forts in the crypt is believed to be of Celtic origin.

Explanation: The Our Lady of the Crypt Chapel houses a reliquary containing a fragment of the reputed veil of the Virgin Mary, gifted in 876.

Explanation: In the Middle Ages, Chartres Cathedral served multiple roles beyond religious worship, including acting as a marketplace during fairs, with the surrounding 'clître' functioning as a free-trade zone under church jurisdiction.

Explanation: Chartres Cathedral has indeed been referenced in popular culture, including films and literary works, reflecting its enduring significance.

Explanation: The 'Chartres Light Celebration' involves illuminating not only the cathedral but also numerous buildings throughout the town, celebrating electrification more broadly.

Explanation: The 'clître' was an area under church jurisdiction where commercial activities took place, functioning as a free-trade zone.

Explanation: While Chartres Cathedral has been referenced in films, literature, and other media, paintings by Leonardo da Vinci are not mentioned in this context.

Explanation: The 'Chartres Light Celebration' involves illuminating not only the cathedral but also numerous buildings throughout the town, celebrating electrification.

Explanation: The 'clître' was an area under church jurisdiction where commercial activities took place, functioning as a free-trade zone and generating income for the cathedral.

Explanation: UNESCO recognized Chartres Cathedral as a World Heritage Site in 1979, citing its status as a high point of French Gothic art and its exceptional preservation.

Explanation: Although mobs attempted to destroy the cathedral's sculptures during the French Revolution, they were prevented by townspeople. The cathedral was declared state property and worship was halted, but it was largely spared significant physical damage.

Explanation: The 2009 restoration campaign generated significant controversy. While aiming to clean and protect the interior and stained glass, it was criticized by some as a "scandalous desecration" that diminished the visual impact of the glass.

Explanation: The 'authority control' section serves to link to external databases, facilitating further academic research and information verification regarding the cathedral.

Explanation: In 1979, UNESCO designated Chartres Cathedral as a World Heritage Site, recognizing its outstanding universal value.

Explanation: Although mobs attempted to destroy the cathedral's sculptures during the French Revolution, they were prevented by townspeople. The cathedral was declared state property and worship was halted, but it was largely spared significant physical damage.

Explanation: In August 1944, American Colonel Welborn Barton Griffith Jr. rescinded an order to fire upon the cathedral after verifying it was not being used as an enemy observation post.

Explanation: The 2009 restoration campaign was criticized by some as a "scandalous desecration" that diminished the visual impact of the stained glass.