Enter a player name to begin or load your saved progress.
Christian Michelsen's birth occurred in Oslo in the year 1857.
Answer: False
Explanation: The historical record indicates that Christian Michelsen was born in Bergen, Norway, not Oslo, in 1857.
Michelsen's family background was primarily that of academics and politicians.
Answer: False
Explanation: Michelsen hailed from a merchant family in Bergen and was the eldest of five siblings. His maternal lineage included the notable Collett family.
After studying law at the University of Oslo, Christian Michelsen established a successful shipping company.
Answer: True
Explanation: Following his legal studies, he established and successfully led the prominent shipping enterprise, Chr. Michelsen & Co.
In which Norwegian city was Christian Michelsen born?
Answer: Bergen
Explanation: Christian Michelsen was born in Bergen, Norway.
What was Christian Michelsen's full birth name?
Answer: Peter Christian Hersleb Kjerschow Michelsen
Explanation: His full birth name was Peter Christian Hersleb Kjerschow Michelsen.
Which of the following best describes Christian Michelsen's early professional path after his legal studies?
Answer: He established and led a major shipping company, Chr. Michelsen & Co.
Explanation: Following his legal studies, he established and successfully led the prominent shipping enterprise, Chr. Michelsen & Co.
Christian Michelsen first joined the Norwegian Parliament (Storting) in the early 1900s.
Answer: False
Explanation: Christian Michelsen became a member of the Norwegian Parliament (Storting) in 1891.
Initially, Christian Michelsen represented the Conservative Party in the Storting.
Answer: False
Explanation: He initially represented the Liberal Party of Norway in the Storting.
Christian Michelsen served as the Finance Minister in the first cabinet Hagerup.
Answer: False
Explanation: He served as Finance Minister within the second cabinet Hagerup.
Christian Michelsen transitioned from a successful legal and business career to enter national politics, joining the Storting in 1891.
Answer: True
Explanation: Christian Michelsen transitioned from a successful career in law and business into national politics, commencing his parliamentary service in the Storting in 1891.
What was Christian Michelsen's initial political affiliation when he first entered the Storting?
Answer: Liberal Party
Explanation: The Liberal Party
In which cabinet did Christian Michelsen serve as Finance Minister?
Answer: The second cabinet Hagerup
Explanation: He served as Finance Minister within the second cabinet Hagerup.
Which of the following ministerial roles did Christian Michelsen *NOT* hold according to the source?
Answer: Minister of Foreign Affairs
Explanation: Beyond his role as Prime Minister, Christian Michelsen held several other ministerial positions: Acting Minister of Defence (May–October 1907), Minister of Finance (October 1905; September 1904–March 1905), Minister of Justice (March–June 1905), and Minister of Auditing (November 1905–October 1907).
Christian Michelsen, a distinguished figure in Norwegian commerce and statecraft, assumed the role of Prime Minister, presiding over Norway's transition to full independence from Sweden.
Answer: True
Explanation: Christian Michelsen's leadership as Prime Minister in 1905 was crucial in guiding Norway through the process of dissolving its union with Sweden.
Michelsen was a staunch opponent of the union between Norway and Sweden throughout his political career.
Answer: True
Explanation: Michelsen adopted a firm stance advocating for a more assertive policy concerning the union between Norway and Sweden, playing a leading role in the movement to dissolve this union.
Christian Michelsen became Prime Minister in March 1905, immediately leading the effort to dissolve the union with Sweden.
Answer: True
Explanation: Christian Michelsen assumed the position of Prime Minister in March 1905, succeeding Francis Hagerup. He immediately took leadership of the movement advocating for the dissolution of the union with Sweden.
The primary reason for the 1905 union dissolution was Norway's desire for a different monarch.
Answer: False
Explanation: The formal basis for the dissolution was King Oscar II's refusal to approve the Norwegian consular laws, an issue known as the 'Consular Law issue' (Konsulatsaken).
The core disagreement over consular laws involved Sweden demanding that Norway accept a Swedish national as the union's Foreign Minister.
Answer: True
Explanation: Sweden maintained that laws pertaining to foreign affairs, including consular matters, should fall under the purview of the union agreement, requiring consent from the Swedish Parliament (Riksdag). While Sweden was amenable to Norway having separate consular affairs, they insisted that Norway accept the precedent of the Foreign Minister being Swedish, which Norwegians perceived as formalizing Sweden's superior position within the union.
The Norwegian Storting declared the union dissolved on June 7, 1905, based on the King's refusal to approve the consular laws.
Answer: False
Explanation: On June 7, 1905, the Norwegian Storting declared that King Oscar II had lost the capacity to rule Norway due to his inability to form a new government following Michelsen's cabinet's resignation. This declaration asserted that the King had consequently ceased to be the King of Norway, thereby providing a legal basis for the dissolution.
Prince Carl of Denmark was chosen as the new King of Norway, taking the name Haakon VI.
Answer: False
Explanation: Prince Carl of Denmark was selected to become King Haakon VII of Norway, not Haakon VI.
As Prime Minister in 1905, Christian Michelsen was instrumental in navigating Norway's separation from its union with Sweden.
Answer: True
Explanation: During his premiership in 1905, Christian Michelsen played an instrumental role in navigating Norway's successful separation from its union with Sweden.
The Storting's declaration on June 7, 1905, which provided a legal basis for the union's dissolution, centered on King Oscar II's inability to form a government.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Storting's declaration on June 7, 1905, which served as the legal basis for the dissolution of the union, was centered on King Oscar II's demonstrated inability to form a government.
Following overwhelming support in a referendum for dissolving the union, Norway later confirmed its choice of monarchy via another referendum, electing Prince Carl of Denmark.
Answer: True
Explanation: Subsequent to an overwhelming affirmative vote in a referendum on dissolving the union, Norway reaffirmed its choice of a monarchical system through another referendum, which resulted in the election of Prince Carl of Denmark.
What was the formal issue that triggered the crisis leading to the dissolution of the union with Sweden in 1905?
Answer: King Oscar II's refusal to approve Norwegian consular laws.
Explanation: The formal catalyst for the crisis was King Oscar II's refusal to assent to the Norwegian consular laws.
What key action did the Norwegian Storting take on June 7, 1905?
Answer: Declared that King Oscar II had lost the capacity to rule Norway.
Explanation: On June 7, 1905, the Norwegian Storting declared that King Oscar II had forfeited his capacity to govern Norway.
What was the result of the referendum held to gauge public opinion on the union dissolution?
Answer: The overwhelming majority supported dissolving the union.
Explanation: The referendum indicated an overwhelming majority in favor of dissolving the union.
Who was chosen to become the King of Norway after the union's dissolution, and what was his regnal name?
Answer: Prince Carl, King Haakon VII
Explanation: Prince Carl of Denmark was chosen, assuming the regnal name Haakon VII.
What was the core disagreement regarding the consular laws that contributed to the union's dissolution?
Answer: Sweden insisted on controlling union foreign affairs, including consular laws, which Norway opposed.
Explanation: The core disagreement centered on Sweden's insistence on controlling union foreign affairs, including consular laws, a position that Norway contested.
Michelsen's political goal was to form a government exclusively composed of members from the Liberal Party.
Answer: False
Explanation: Michelsen aspired to establish a broad coalition party that transcended narrow political divisions, not an exclusively Liberal government.
Christian Michelsen strategically used the Norwegian people's strong opposition to the monarchy as the basis for the Storting's declaration.
Answer: False
Explanation: Michelsen strategically employed the King's inaction as the foundation for the Storting's declaration. He recognized the strong national unity in Norway, cultivated through months of coordinated media coverage, which rendered the move politically feasible and widely supported by the populace.
Christian Michelsen strongly advocated for Norway to become a republic immediately after the union's dissolution.
Answer: True
Explanation: Although Michelsen personally favored a democratic republic, he acknowledged that a democratic monarchy would likely garner greater international acceptance and broader support among the Norwegian population.
Michelsen envisioned a political entity known as the Coalition Party, aiming to unite various political factions beyond narrow party lines.
Answer: True
Explanation: Christian Michelsen articulated a vision for a political entity termed the 'Coalition Party,' intended to foster unity among various political factions and transcend the limitations of narrow party alignments.
Michelsen's political ambition involved creating what kind of political entity?
Answer: A broad coalition party transcending narrow politics.
Explanation: His ambition was to establish a broad coalition party that transcended narrow political divisions.
How did Christian Michelsen strategically justify the Storting's actions in 1905?
Answer: By leveraging the King's inaction and inability to form a government.
Explanation: He strategically justified the Storting's actions by emphasizing the King's inaction and his failure to form a viable government.
While personally favoring a republic, what form of government did Michelsen believe was more practical for Norway after 1905?
Answer: A constitutional monarchy with strong parliamentary powers.
Explanation: Although he personally favored a republic, Michelsen concluded that a constitutional monarchy with robust parliamentary authority would be the more pragmatic choice for Norway.
The 1906 election saw Christian Michelsen lead a successful campaign solidifying the Liberal Party's dominance.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 1906 election introduced friction, as his 'above-the-parties' platform alienated key figures within the Liberal Party.
Christian Michelsen resigned as Prime Minister due to disagreements over foreign policy with Sweden.
Answer: False
Explanation: His resignation in 1907 stemmed from exhaustion due to internal political disputes and a perceived failure to fully realize his broader political vision.
Jørgen Løvland succeeded Michelsen, but his government maintained the unity of Michelsen's coalition.
Answer: False
Explanation: Jørgen Løvland succeeded Michelsen; however, his administration could not sustain the unity of Michelsen's coalition, which subsequently dissolved.
Christian Michelsen co-founded the Fatherland League in the early 20th century.
Answer: False
Explanation: Christian Michelsen co-founded the Fatherland League in 1925, a date subsequent to the early 20th century.
Christian Michelsen was awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of St. Olav in 1907.
Answer: False
Explanation: Historical records indicate that Christian Michelsen was awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of St. Olav in 1905, and subsequently received the Collar of the same order in 1907.
How did the 1906 election impact Michelsen's political standing with the Liberal Party?
Answer: It caused friction, as his 'above-the-parties' platform alienated leading Liberals.
Explanation: The 1906 election introduced friction, as his 'above-the-parties' platform alienated key figures within the Liberal Party.
Which factor contributed to Christian Michelsen's resignation as Prime Minister in 1907?
Answer: Exhaustion from internal political disputes and perceived failure of his vision.
Explanation: His resignation in 1907 stemmed from exhaustion due to internal political disputes and a perceived failure to fully realize his broader political vision.
Who succeeded Christian Michelsen as Prime Minister, and what happened to the coalition government?
Answer: Jørgen Løvland succeeded him; the coalition broke down.
Explanation: Jørgen Løvland succeeded Michelsen; however, his administration could not sustain the unity of Michelsen's coalition, which subsequently dissolved.
In what year did Christian Michelsen, Fridtjof Nansen, and Joakim Lehmkuhl found the Fatherland League?
Answer: 1925
Explanation: In 1925, Christian Michelsen, in collaboration with polar explorer Fridtjof Nansen and industrialist Joakim Lehmkuhl, founded the Fatherland League (Fedrelandslaget).
What significant honors related to the Norwegian monarchy did Christian Michelsen receive?
Answer: Grand Cross and Collar of the Order of St. Olav.
Explanation: He received the Grand Cross and the Collar of the Order of St. Olav.
A significant social policy enacted during Michelsen's premiership was the establishment of mandatory unemployment insurance.
Answer: False
Explanation: The legislation enacted in 1906, the Law on Central and Local Government Contributions to Unemployment Funds, instituted a framework for voluntary unemployment insurance, rather than a mandatory system.
The construction of Christian Michelsen's estate, Gamlehaugen, began in the early 1900s.
Answer: False
Explanation: The commencement of construction for Christian Michelsen's estate, Gamlehaugen, occurred in 1899, predating the early 1900s.
Gamlehaugen, completed in 1900, is currently used as a museum dedicated to Christian Michelsen's life.
Answer: False
Explanation: Although completed in 1900, Gamlehaugen currently functions as a residence for the Norwegian royal family and is open to public visitation, rather than exclusively as a museum dedicated to Christian Michelsen's life.
Michelsen's bequest of his estate led to the establishment of an institute focused on maritime history.
Answer: False
Explanation: Christian Michelsen's bequest of his estate facilitated the establishment of a fund dedicated to an institute focused on science and intellectual freedom, rather than maritime history.
The Chr. Michelsen Institute (CMI) was established in Oslo in 1930.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Chr. Michelsen Institute (CMI) was established in Bergen, Norway, in 1930, not in Oslo.
The Chr. Michelsen Institute primarily focuses on research related to Norwegian medieval history.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Chr. Michelsen Institute's primary research focus is on international development and policy, distinct from Norwegian medieval history.
The photograph showing Michelsen greeting King Haakon VII depicts their first meeting after the King's coronation.
Answer: False
Explanation: The photograph depicting Christian Michelsen greeting King Haakon VII captures their initial encounter upon the King's arrival in Norway in 1905, rather than their meeting after the King's coronation.
What type of unemployment insurance system was introduced by the law passed in 1906 during Michelsen's premiership?
Answer: Voluntary insurance involving government contributions.
Explanation: The legislation enacted in 1906 established a system of voluntary unemployment insurance, supported by government contributions.
When was Christian Michelsen's estate, Gamlehaugen, completed?
Answer: 1900
Explanation: The Gamlehaugen mansion was completed in 1900.
What is the current primary function of Gamlehaugen?
Answer: A residence for the Norwegian royal family and accessible to the public.
Explanation: Gamlehaugen currently serves as a residence for the Norwegian royal family and is also accessible to the public.
What was the intended purpose of the fund established by Christian Michelsen's bequest of his estate?
Answer: To create an institute focused on science and intellectual freedom.
Explanation: The fund was intended for the establishment of an institute dedicated to fostering science and intellectual freedom.
Where was the Chr. Michelsen Institute (CMI) established?
Answer: Bergen, Norway
Explanation: The Chr. Michelsen Institute (CMI) was established in Bergen, Norway, in 1930.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a main thematic research area for the Chr. Michelsen Institute?
Answer: Norwegian economic history
Explanation: The Chr. Michelsen Institute's primary research focus is on international development and policy, distinct from Norwegian medieval history.
The 'Authority control' section provides links to databases cataloging information about Christian Michelsen.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'Authority control' section serves as a navigational aid, providing links to external databases that catalog comprehensive information pertaining to Christian Michelsen.
Who was Christian Michelsen primarily known as in Norwegian history?
Answer: The first Prime Minister of independent Norway and a key figure in dissolving the union with Sweden.
Explanation: He is primarily recognized as the first Prime Minister of independent Norway and a pivotal architect of the dissolution of the union with Sweden.
The succession box at the end of the article primarily details Christian Michelsen's role as:
Answer: Prime Minister of Norway
Explanation: The succession box delineates Christian Michelsen's tenure as Prime Minister of Norway from 1905 to 1907, indicating his predecessors and successors in that office, thereby contextualizing his premiership within the broader framework of Norwegian governmental leadership.
The image described as a portrait of Christian Michelsen is dated from which period?
Answer: Early 20th century
Explanation: The source material includes an image identified as a portrait of Christian Michelsen dating from the early 20th century, offering a visual representation of his appearance during that period.