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Christiane Elisabeth Reimann was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, and died in Syracuse, Sicily, Italy.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source material indicates Christiane Elisabeth Reimann was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, and died in Syracuse, Sicily, Italy.
Christiane Reimann's father, Carl Reimann, was a physician who strongly encouraged her nursing career.
Answer: False
Explanation: Contrary to the statement, Christiane Reimann's father was a stockbroker, and the family initially opposed her pursuit of nursing.
Christiane Reimann completed her initial nursing training at Bispebjerg Hospital in Copenhagen.
Answer: True
Explanation: Christiane Reimann completed her foundational nursing training at Bispebjerg Hospital in Copenhagen, not at the University of Copenhagen.
Christiane Reimann's pursuit of nursing training at age 25 demonstrated a strong personal conviction.
Answer: True
Explanation: Her decision to pursue nursing at age 25, against initial family opposition, highlights her determination and commitment to the profession.
Christiane Reimann's father was a stockbroker, and the family initially opposed her nursing career choice.
Answer: True
Explanation: Carl Reimann, a stockbroker, did not initially support his daughter's decision to pursue nursing, reflecting common societal views at the time.
Identify the primary distinctions of Christiane Elisabeth Reimann within the nursing profession.
Answer: A Danish nurse, the first with a graduate degree, and the first paid secretary of the ICN.
Explanation: Christiane Elisabeth Reimann was a pioneering Danish nurse, recognized as the first in her country to earn a graduate degree in nursing. She also served as the inaugural paid secretary for the International Council of Nurses (ICN), significantly contributing to its international development.
Where did Christiane Reimann undertake her foundational nursing training?
Answer: Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen
Explanation: Christiane Reimann completed her initial three-year nursing training at Bispebjerg Hospital in Copenhagen, Denmark, finishing in 1916.
Christiane Reimann's father worked as a:
Answer: Stockbroker
Explanation: Christiane Reimann's father, Carl Reimann, was employed as a stockbroker.
What was the family's initial reaction to Christiane Reimann's decision to pursue nursing?
Answer: They did not support her decision initially.
Explanation: The family did not initially support Christiane Reimann's decision to pursue nursing, reflecting a common societal perspective at the time.
Christiane Reimann's birth date and place were:
Answer: May 6, 1888, in Copenhagen, Denmark
Explanation: Christiane Elisabeth Reimann was born on May 6, 1888, in Copenhagen, Denmark.
Christiane Reimann completed her initial nursing training in which year?
Answer: 1916
Explanation: Christiane Reimann completed her foundational nursing training at Bispebjerg Hospital in 1916.
While studying at Columbia University, Christiane Reimann was mentored by Isabel Stewart.
Answer: True
Explanation: Isabel Stewart, alongside Mary Adelaide Nutting, was a significant mentor to Christiane Reimann during her advanced studies at Columbia University.
Christiane Reimann earned both a Bachelor of Science and a Master of Arts degree from Columbia University, not Oxford.
Answer: True
Explanation: Christiane Reimann obtained her Bachelor of Science in 1921 and Master of Arts in 1925 from Columbia University, not Oxford University.
Christiane Reimann's graduate studies at Columbia University focused on nursing education and administration, not primarily public health policy.
Answer: True
Explanation: Her studies at Columbia, under mentors like Isabel Stewart, were centered on advancing nursing education and leadership.
Which influential nursing educators mentored Christiane Reimann during her advanced studies at Columbia University?
Answer: Mary Adelaide Nutting and Isabel Stewart
Explanation: Mary Adelaide Nutting and Isabel Stewart were leading figures in nursing education at Columbia University and provided mentorship to Christiane Reimann during her graduate studies.
Christiane Reimann pursued advanced studies in nursing at which university?
Answer: Columbia University
Explanation: Christiane Reimann undertook her advanced nursing studies at Columbia University in New York.
Christiane Reimann's advanced degrees (BS and MA) were awarded in which years?
Answer: 1921 and 1925
Explanation: Christiane Reimann received her Bachelor of Science in 1921 and her Master of Arts in 1925 from Columbia University.
Christiane Reimann served as the first *paid* secretary for the International Council of Nurses (ICN).
Answer: True
Explanation: While Christiane Reimann was the first secretary elected in 1922, she became the first *paid* Executive Secretary upon reelection in 1925.
Sophie Mannerheim was the president of the ICN when Christiane Reimann was first elected secretary in 1922.
Answer: True
Explanation: Records confirm that Sophie Mannerheim served as the President of the International Council of Nurses (ICN) during the period Christiane Reimann was first elected as secretary in 1922.
Christiane Reimann's primary goal was to establish the ICN as a prominent international nursing organization.
Answer: True
Explanation: Reimann's objective was to elevate the ICN's status to a recognized and influential international voice for nurses, not to establish it as a minor regional entity.
To support the ICN, Christiane Reimann established a service to advise national health ministries and partnered with other international bodies.
Answer: True
Explanation: This strategic approach, involving advisory services and inter-organizational partnerships, was instrumental in expanding the ICN's reach and influence.
Christiane Reimann personally funded the creation of the ICN's official journal, initially called 'The Bulletin'.
Answer: True
Explanation: Christiane Reimann personally funded the establishment of the ICN's periodical, which was initially named 'The Bulletin' and later became the 'International Nursing Review'.
Christiane Reimann resigned from the ICN in 1934 due to declining health and disagreements with colleagues.
Answer: True
Explanation: The resignation in 1934 was attributed to a combination of personal health challenges and internal organizational disagreements.
Christiane Reimann married Wilhelm F. C. Alter in 1934, the same year she resigned from the ICN.
Answer: True
Explanation: Christiane Reimann married Wilhelm F. C. Alter in 1934, the year she resigned from her position at the ICN. The question implies the marriage occurred shortly after becoming paid secretary, which is inaccurate timing.
Christiane Reimann aimed to enhance the ICN's global standing through a multifaceted approach, including advisory services and partnerships, not solely through international conferences.
Answer: True
Explanation: Her strategy involved diverse methods to strengthen the ICN's influence and reach.
Christiane Reimann's independent wealth was a significant factor enabling her extensive travel for the ICN.
Answer: True
Explanation: Her personal financial resources provided the means for her to undertake extensive travel, facilitating her work and engagement with the ICN.
The International Nursing Review was originally known as 'The Bulletin' and was founded by Christiane Reimann.
Answer: True
Explanation: Christiane Reimann established 'The Bulletin' at her own expense, which later evolved into the 'International Nursing Review'.
Christiane Reimann's role as the first paid secretary of the ICN involved managing advisory services and fostering international partnerships.
Answer: True
Explanation: Her responsibilities extended beyond administrative duties to strategic initiatives aimed at enhancing the ICN's global impact.
What was Christiane Reimann's title upon her reelection to the ICN in 1925, signifying a paid position?
Answer: Executive Secretary
Explanation: Upon her reelection in 1925, Christiane Reimann was appointed Executive Secretary, marking her as the first paid secretary of the ICN.
Who was the President of the ICN when Christiane Reimann was first elected secretary in 1922?
Answer: Sophie Mannerheim
Explanation: Sophie Mannerheim held the presidency of the International Council of Nurses (ICN) when Christiane Reimann was initially elected as secretary in 1922.
What was Christiane Reimann's primary objective for the International Council of Nurses (ICN) during her service?
Answer: To establish the ICN as a recognized international voice for nurses.
Explanation: Reimann's central aim was to establish the ICN as a recognized and influential international voice for nurses, thereby elevating the profession's global standing.
How did Christiane Reimann leverage her personal wealth to support the ICN?
Answer: By personally funding the establishment of the ICN's periodical.
Explanation: Christiane Reimann personally funded the establishment of the ICN's periodical, 'The Bulletin,' demonstrating a significant personal investment in the organization's communication infrastructure.
What was the initial name of the ICN periodical founded by Christiane Reimann?
Answer: The Bulletin
Explanation: The periodical founded by Christiane Reimann was initially named 'The Bulletin,' which later evolved into the 'International Nursing Review'.
Christiane Reimann resigned from the ICN in 1934. What personal event coincided with this decision?
Answer: The announcement of her marriage to Wilhelm F. C. Alter.
Explanation: The year of her resignation from the ICN, 1934, also coincided with the announcement of her marriage to Wilhelm F. C. Alter.
What was the significance of Christiane Reimann becoming the first *paid* secretary of the ICN?
Answer: It marked a professionalization and increased importance of the role.
Explanation: The transition to a paid Executive Secretary role signified a professionalization and increased importance of the position within the ICN's organizational structure.
Which of the following actions did Christiane Reimann take to advance the ICN's mission?
Answer: She established a nursing advisory service for governments.
Explanation: Christiane Reimann established a nursing advisory service for national health ministries, a key initiative to advance the ICN's global mission.
The periodical founded by Christiane Reimann was later renamed:
Answer: The International Nursing Review
Explanation: The periodical initially established by Christiane Reimann, known as 'The Bulletin,' was subsequently renamed the 'International Nursing Review'.
Why did Christiane Reimann resign from her position at the ICN?
Answer: Due to declining health and disagreements within the organization.
Explanation: Christiane Reimann resigned from the ICN in 1934 due to declining health and disagreements within the organization.
Christiane Reimann envisioned the Christiane Reimann Prize as the nursing equivalent of the Nobel Prize.
Answer: True
Explanation: This aspiration underscores Reimann's intent for the prize to represent the highest honor and recognition within the global nursing profession.
The Christiane Reimann Prize was first awarded in 1985, not in the year of Christiane Reimann's death.
Answer: True
Explanation: The inaugural Christiane Reimann Prize was awarded in 1985. Christiane Reimann passed away in 1979.
The provided text lists recipients of the Christiane Reimann Prize spanning from 1985 to 2021, covering a total of 36 years.
Answer: True
Explanation: This span reflects the ongoing legacy and recognition of nursing leaders through the prize established in Reimann's honor.
The Christiane Reimann Prize has been awarded periodically since its inception in 1985, not annually.
Answer: True
Explanation: While prestigious, the prize is not awarded every year; its frequency reflects the ICN's assessment and nomination process.
How did Christiane Reimann intend for the Christiane Reimann Prize to be regarded?
Answer: As the 'Nobel Prize of nursing'.
Explanation: Reimann envisioned the prize as the 'Nobel Prize of nursing,' signifying her desire for it to be the highest form of international recognition in the field.
In what year was the Christiane Reimann Prize first awarded by the ICN?
Answer: 1985
Explanation: The Christiane Reimann Prize was first awarded in 1985, recognizing outstanding contributions to nursing.
What is the primary significance of the Christiane Reimann Prize?
Answer: It recognizes outstanding contributions to nursing.
Explanation: The Christiane Reimann Prize is recognized as the most prestigious award conferred by the International Council of Nurses (ICN), serving to honor individuals who have made exceptional contributions to the nursing profession.
Virginia Henderson was the first recipient of the Christiane Reimann Prize in 1985.
Answer: True
Explanation: Virginia Henderson, a prominent American nurse, received the inaugural Christiane Reimann Prize in 1985.
Dame Nita Barrow received the Christiane Reimann Prize in 1989, and Dame Sheila Quinn received it in 1993.
Answer: True
Explanation: Dame Nita Barrow was awarded the prize in 1989, while Dame Sheila Quinn received it in 1993, not in the same year.
In 1997, the Christiane Reimann Prize was awarded jointly to Dr. Mo-Im Kim Kore and Dr. Hildegard Peplau.
Answer: True
Explanation: This joint award in 1997 recognized the significant contributions of both Dr. Kim Kore and Dr. Peplau to the nursing field.
Dr. Máximo A. González Jurado from Spain received the Christiane Reimann Prize in 2009.
Answer: True
Explanation: The prize was awarded to Dr. Máximo A. González Jurado in 2009, not 2017.
The Christiane Reimann Prize was awarded to Dr. Sheila Tlou (Botswana) and Dr. Linda Aiken (USA) in 2017.
Answer: True
Explanation: This joint award in 2017 recognized the significant contributions of both Dr. Tlou and Dr. Aiken to the nursing field.
Dr. Sheuan Lee, representing the Taiwan Nurses Association, was the recipient of the prize in 2021.
Answer: True
Explanation: Dr. Sheuan Lee's award in 2021 highlights continued international recognition for nursing leadership.
Who was the inaugural recipient of the Christiane Reimann Prize?
Answer: Virginia Henderson
Explanation: The inaugural recipient of the Christiane Reimann Prize, awarded in 1985, was Virginia Henderson.
Which two individuals received the Christiane Reimann Prize jointly in 1997?
Answer: Dr. Mo-Im Kim Kore and Dr. Hildegard Peplau
Explanation: In 1997, the prize was jointly awarded to Dr. Mo-Im Kim Kore and Dr. Hildegard Peplau.
In which year was Dr. Máximo A. González Jurado from Spain honored with the Christiane Reimann Prize?
Answer: 2009
Explanation: Dr. Máximo A. González Jurado received the Christiane Reimann Prize in 2009.
The Christiane Reimann Prize was awarded jointly to Dr. Sheila Tlou (Botswana) and Dr. Linda Aiken (USA) in which year?
Answer: 2017
Explanation: Dr. Sheila Tlou and Dr. Linda Aiken were jointly honored with the Christiane Reimann Prize in 2017.
Who was the recipient of the Christiane Reimann Prize in 2021?
Answer: Dr. Sheuan Lee (Taiwan Nurses Association)
Explanation: Dr. Sheuan Lee, representing the Taiwan Nurses Association, received the Christiane Reimann Prize in 2021.
Dame Nita Barrow, a recipient of the Christiane Reimann Prize, hailed from which country?
Answer: Barbados
Explanation: Dame Nita Barrow, honored with the Christiane Reimann Prize, was from Barbados.
Christiane Reimann holds the distinction of being the first Danish nurse to receive a graduate degree in nursing.
Answer: True
Explanation: This achievement marks a significant milestone in the professionalization of nursing education in Denmark, highlighting Reimann's pioneering role.
After leaving the ICN, Christiane Reimann established her home in Syracuse, Sicily.
Answer: True
Explanation: Following her departure from the ICN, Christiane Reimann established her residence in Syracuse, Sicily, rather than moving to London to establish a nursing school.
Authority control databases like VIAF and FAST are utilized to standardize and link information about individuals such as Christiane Reimann.
Answer: True
Explanation: These systems are crucial for ensuring consistency and facilitating access to biographical and bibliographical data across various archival and library collections.
Christiane Reimann's identifier in the Library of Congress authorities system is 'n95055983'.
Answer: True
Explanation: This identifier serves as a unique key for locating and verifying information about Christiane Reimann within the Library of Congress's authoritative catalog.
The Yale LUX collection uses the identifier '698b6c5a-a652-4d44-84ba-147200d7c91d' for Christiane Reimann.
Answer: True
Explanation: This specific identifier links Christiane Reimann's records within the Yale LUX authority control database.
What significant achievement marks Christiane Reimann's place in Danish nursing history?
Answer: Being the first Danish nurse to earn a graduate degree in nursing.
Explanation: Christiane Reimann holds the distinction of being the first Danish nurse to possess a graduate degree in nursing, a milestone that advanced the professionalization of nursing education in Denmark.
After her departure from the ICN, where did Christiane Reimann establish her home?
Answer: Syracuse, Sicily
Explanation: Following her tenure with the ICN, Christiane Reimann purchased property and established her home in Syracuse, Sicily.
What is the purpose of authority control systems like VIAF and FAST mentioned in the text?
Answer: To standardize and link information about individuals across databases.
Explanation: Authority control systems serve to standardize and link information about individuals across various databases, ensuring consistency and facilitating research.
What identifier is associated with Christiane Reimann in the Library of Congress authorities?
Answer: n95055983
Explanation: Christiane Reimann is identified by the code 'n95055983' within the Library of Congress authorities system.
The authority control identifier 'n95055983' is associated with Christiane Reimann in which system?
Answer: Library of Congress authorities
Explanation: This identifier is specifically linked to Christiane Reimann within the Library of Congress authorities system.