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Clare Hollingworth's early interest in warfare was sparked by her mother's stories of historical battles.
Answer: False
Explanation: Her fascination with warfare was sparked by visits to historical battlefield sites with her father, not her mother's stories.
Before her journalism career, Hollingworth pursued studies in domestic science and Slavonic languages.
Answer: True
Explanation: Hollingworth attended a domestic science college and later studied Slavonic languages at UCL and Croatian at Zagreb University.
Hollingworth helped thousands of people escape Hitler's forces by arranging British visas through the British Committee for Refugees from Czechoslovakia (BCRC).
Answer: True
Explanation: Working with the BCRC, Hollingworth arranged British visas for thousands of Czech refugees, enabling their escape from Hitler's forces.
What sparked Clare Hollingworth's early fascination with warfare?
Answer: Visits to historical battlefield sites with her father.
Explanation: Her early fascination with warfare was sparked by visits to historical battlefield sites in Britain and France with her father.
Which academic institution did Hollingworth attend on a scholarship before her journalism career?
Answer: UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies
Explanation: Before her journalism career, Hollingworth won a scholarship to the UCL School of Slavonic and East European Studies in London.
How did Clare Hollingworth assist Czech refugees before World War II?
Answer: She arranged British visas, helping thousands escape Hitler's forces.
Explanation: Working with the British Committee for Refugees from Czechoslovakia (BCRC), Hollingworth arranged British visas, helping thousands of Czech refugees escape Hitler's forces.
Clare Hollingworth was the first woman to report on the outbreak of World War II, earning her the title 'the scoop of the century'.
Answer: True
Explanation: Clare Hollingworth is widely recognized as the first war correspondent to report the outbreak of World War II, a report famously dubbed 'the scoop of the century'.
Clare Hollingworth had been working for The Daily Telegraph for several months before she was sent to Poland in August 1939.
Answer: False
Explanation: She had been working for The Daily Telegraph for less than a week when she was sent to Poland in August 1939.
Hollingworth's 'scoop of the century' involved observing German forces crossing the Polish border on August 28, 1939.
Answer: False
Explanation: Her scoop involved observing a massive build-up of German troops and tanks on the German-Polish border on August 28, 1939, not them actively crossing.
The Daily Telegraph's headline for Hollingworth's initial report mentioned '1,000 Tanks Massed on Polish Frontier'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Daily Telegraph's front-page headline for her report indeed stated: '1,000 Tanks Massed on Polish Frontier'.
To confirm the German invasion, Hollingworth played a recording of the sounds of battle to British Embassy officials over the phone.
Answer: False
Explanation: She held her telephone out the window so British Embassy officials could hear the sounds of German forces, not a recording.
Hollingworth's report on the German invasion of Poland was the first official confirmation received by the British Foreign Office.
Answer: True
Explanation: Her eyewitness account of the German invasion of Poland was indeed the first report received by the British Foreign Office.
After The Daily Telegraph, Hollingworth worked for The Times during World War II.
Answer: False
Explanation: After The Daily Telegraph, Clare Hollingworth worked for the Daily Express during World War II.
From Bucharest, Hollingworth reported on the abdication of King Carol II and subsequent political unrest.
Answer: True
Explanation: From Bucharest, she reported on King Carol II's forced abdication and the political unrest in Romania.
Hollingworth was known for strictly adhering to censorship rules to avoid arrest while reporting from Bucharest.
Answer: False
Explanation: Hollingworth was known for *ignoring* censorship rules and even avoided arrest by stripping naked in Bucharest.
After her time in Bucharest, Hollingworth reported from various locations including Egypt, Turkey, Greece, and Cairo.
Answer: True
Explanation: After Bucharest, she reported from Egypt, Turkey, Greece, and Cairo during World War II.
Women war correspondents like Hollingworth received special accreditation during WWII to ensure their safety on the front lines.
Answer: False
Explanation: Women war correspondents during WWII, including Hollingworth, did not receive formal accreditation, which often limited their access.
Hollingworth covered General Dwight D. Eisenhower's forces in Algiers for The New York Times.
Answer: False
Explanation: She covered General Eisenhower's forces in Algiers for the Chicago Daily News, not The New York Times.
Clare Hollingworth's first interview with a head of state during World War II was with King Carol II of Romania.
Answer: False
Explanation: Clare Hollingworth's first interview with a head of state during World War II was with the Shah of Iran, not King Carol II of Romania.
For what achievement is Clare Hollingworth most widely recognized?
Answer: Being the first war correspondent to report the outbreak of World War II.
Explanation: Clare Hollingworth is most widely recognized for being the first war correspondent to report the outbreak of World War II, a report famously called 'the scoop of the century'.
Who hired Clare Hollingworth as a rookie reporter for The Daily Telegraph in August 1939?
Answer: Arthur Watson
Explanation: Arthur Watson, the editor of The Daily Telegraph, hired Clare Hollingworth as a rookie reporter in August 1939.
What specific detail allowed Hollingworth to observe the German troop build-up on the Polish border in August 1939?
Answer: The camouflage screens concealing the troops were disturbed by the wind.
Explanation: She observed the German troop build-up when camouflage screens concealing them were disturbed by the wind.
What was the approximate number of tanks mentioned in The Daily Telegraph's headline based on Hollingworth's initial report?
Answer: 1,000 Tanks
Explanation: The Daily Telegraph's headline for her report specifically mentioned '1,000 Tanks Massed on Polish Frontier'.
How did Hollingworth provide undeniable proof of the German invasion to British Embassy officials on September 1, 1939?
Answer: She held her telephone out the window so they could hear German forces.
Explanation: To convince skeptical British Embassy officials, she held her telephone out the window so they could hear the sounds of German forces.
What was the immediate impact of Hollingworth's report on the German invasion for the British Foreign Office?
Answer: It was the first report they received about the event.
Explanation: Her eyewitness account of the German invasion was the first report the British Foreign Office received regarding the event.
Which newspaper did Clare Hollingworth work for after The Daily Telegraph during World War II?
Answer: Daily Express
Explanation: After her initial work with The Daily Telegraph, Clare Hollingworth worked for the Daily Express during World War II.
What significant political event did Hollingworth report on from Bucharest during World War II?
Answer: King Carol II's forced abdication.
Explanation: From Bucharest, Hollingworth reported on King Carol II's forced abdication and the subsequent political unrest.
How did Clare Hollingworth reportedly avoid arrest while reporting from Bucharest?
Answer: By stripping naked.
Explanation: Hollingworth reportedly avoided arrest in Bucharest by stripping naked, a tactic employed while ignoring censorship rules.
After leaving Bucharest, which of the following regions did Hollingworth NOT report from during World War II?
Answer: Spain
Explanation: After Bucharest, Hollingworth reported from Egypt, Turkey, Greece, and Cairo, but not Spain.
What was a major challenge for women war correspondents like Hollingworth during WWII regarding official status?
Answer: They did not receive formal accreditation.
Explanation: Women war correspondents during WWII, including Hollingworth, did not receive formal accreditation, which often limited their access.
For which American newspaper did Clare Hollingworth cover General Dwight D. Eisenhower's forces in Algiers?
Answer: Chicago Daily News
Explanation: She covered General Eisenhower's forces in Algiers for the Chicago Daily News.
Who was the first head of state Clare Hollingworth interviewed during her reporting from the Middle East?
Answer: The Shah of Iran
Explanation: During her reporting from Palestine, Iraq, and Persia, Clare Hollingworth became the first person to interview the Shah of Iran.
Immediately after World War II, Hollingworth worked for The Times and The Guardian.
Answer: False
Explanation: Immediately after World War II, Hollingworth worked for The Economist and The Observer.
Clare Hollingworth and her husband were present at the King David Hotel bombing in Jerusalem in 1946.
Answer: True
Explanation: Clare Hollingworth and her husband, Geoffrey Hoare, were indeed at the scene of the King David Hotel bombing in 1946.
Hollingworth refused to shake Menachem Begin's hand because he was a political rival.
Answer: False
Explanation: She refused to shake Menachem Begin's hand due to his perceived role in ordering the King David Hotel bombing.
By 1950, Clare Hollingworth was based in Paris and working for The Guardian.
Answer: True
Explanation: By 1950, Hollingworth had moved to Paris and commenced working for The Guardian.
During the Algerian War, Hollingworth established contacts with the French government to gain exclusive access.
Answer: False
Explanation: During the Algerian War, she developed contacts with the Algerian National Liberation Front, not the French government.
Clare Hollingworth uncovered Kim Philby's defection to the Soviet Union while working for The Guardian in 1963.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1963, while working for The Guardian, Hollingworth uncovered Kim Philby's defection to the Soviet Union.
The Guardian's editor immediately published Hollingworth's story on Kim Philby due to its urgency.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Guardian's editor, Alastair Hetherington, initially delayed publishing the story for three months due to concerns about legal action.
In 1963, Hollingworth became the first woman to be appointed The Guardian's defence correspondent.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1963, Clare Hollingworth was indeed appointed The Guardian's defence correspondent, a pioneering role for a woman.
Which two prominent British publications did Hollingworth work for immediately after World War II?
Answer: The Economist and The Observer
Explanation: Immediately after World War II, Hollingworth worked for The Economist and The Observer.
What significant event did Clare Hollingworth and her husband witness in Jerusalem in 1946?
Answer: The King David Hotel bombing.
Explanation: In 1946, Clare Hollingworth and her husband were at the scene of the King David Hotel bombing in Jerusalem.
Why did Clare Hollingworth refuse to shake the hand of Menachem Begin?
Answer: She perceived him as responsible for the King David Hotel bombing.
Explanation: She refused to shake Menachem Begin's hand due to her perception of his role in ordering the King David Hotel bombing.
In 1950, Hollingworth moved to Paris and began working for which newspaper?
Answer: The Guardian
Explanation: By 1950, Hollingworth was based in Paris and began working for The Guardian.
While reporting on the Algerian War, Hollingworth developed contacts with which group?
Answer: The Algerian National Liberation Front.
Explanation: During the Algerian War, she developed contacts with the Algerian National Liberation Front.
What major intelligence defection did Hollingworth uncover in 1963 while working for The Guardian?
Answer: Kim Philby's defection to the Soviet Union.
Explanation: In 1963, while in Beirut for The Guardian, Hollingworth uncovered Kim Philby's defection to the Soviet Union.
How did The Guardian's editor, Alastair Hetherington, initially react to Hollingworth's story about Kim Philby's defection?
Answer: He held it up for three months fearing legal action.
Explanation: The Guardian's editor, Alastair Hetherington, initially delayed publishing the story for three months due to concerns about legal action.
In 1963, Clare Hollingworth made history at The Guardian by becoming the first woman to hold what role?
Answer: Defence Correspondent
Explanation: In 1963, Hollingworth became the first woman to be appointed The Guardian's defence correspondent.
Hollingworth returned to The Daily Telegraph in 1967 because she preferred covering government foreign policy over warzones.
Answer: False
Explanation: She returned to The Daily Telegraph in 1967 because her ambition was to work in warzones, not to cover government foreign policy.
While covering the Vietnam War, Hollingworth was among the first to predict a stalemate and focused on civilian experiences.
Answer: True
Explanation: Hollingworth was an early commentator to predict a stalemate in the Vietnam War, and her reports highlighted Vietnamese civilian experiences.
Clare Hollingworth was the first Western journalist to be appointed The Daily Telegraph's China correspondent after 1949.
Answer: True
Explanation: She was the first person to hold the role of The Daily Telegraph's China correspondent since the formation of the People's Republic of China in 1949.
During her time as China correspondent, Hollingworth interviewed Mao Zedong.
Answer: False
Explanation: During her time as China correspondent, she met Zhou Enlai and Jiang Qing, but not Mao Zedong.
According to John Simpson, Clare Hollingworth was the last journalist to interview the Shah of Iran.
Answer: True
Explanation: Journalist John Simpson stated that Clare Hollingworth was the last person to interview the Shah of Iran.
Hollingworth observed the Tiananmen Square protests from a hotel balcony in 1989.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1989, Clare Hollingworth witnessed the Tiananmen Square protests from a hotel balcony in China.
Why did Clare Hollingworth return to The Daily Telegraph in 1967?
Answer: Her ambition was to work in warzones.
Explanation: She returned to The Daily Telegraph in 1967 because her ambition was to work in warzones, preferring direct conflict reporting over government foreign policy.
What was one of Hollingworth's key predictions while covering the Vietnam War in 1967?
Answer: The conflict would end in a stalemate.
Explanation: While covering the Vietnam War, Hollingworth was among the earliest commentators to predict that the conflict would end in a stalemate.
What historic position did Clare Hollingworth hold for The Daily Telegraph starting in 1973?
Answer: China Correspondent
Explanation: Starting in 1973, Hollingworth held the historic position of The Daily Telegraph's China correspondent, the first since 1949.
Which of these prominent Chinese figures did Hollingworth meet during her time as China correspondent?
Answer: Zhou Enlai
Explanation: During her tenure as China correspondent, Hollingworth met prominent Chinese figures including Zhou Enlai and Jiang Qing.
According to journalist John Simpson, who was the last person Clare Hollingworth interviewed?
Answer: The Shah of Iran
Explanation: Journalist John Simpson stated that Clare Hollingworth was the last person to interview the Shah of Iran.
What major political event did Hollingworth observe from a hotel balcony in 1989?
Answer: The Tiananmen Square protests.
Explanation: In 1989, Hollingworth observed the Tiananmen Square protests from a hotel balcony in China.
Clare Hollingworth passed away in London at the age of 95.
Answer: False
Explanation: Clare Hollingworth passed away in Central, Hong Kong, at the age of 105, not in London at 95.
Hollingworth received the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1982 for her contributions to military strategy.
Answer: False
Explanation: Hollingworth received the OBE in 1982 for her 'services to journalism,' not for contributions to military strategy.
The BBC praised Hollingworth for her unique ability to synthesize information from various sources, setting her apart from peers.
Answer: False
Explanation: The BBC praised Hollingworth for her 'depth of technical, tactical and strategic insight,' which set her apart, not her ability to synthesize information.
The New York Times referred to Clare Hollingworth as 'the undisputed doyenne of war correspondents'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The New York Times indeed described Clare Hollingworth as 'the undisputed doyenne of war correspondents'.
Hollingworth's expertise in military technology, particularly aircraft, stemmed from her experience as a military pilot.
Answer: False
Explanation: Her expertise in aircraft came from undergoing pilot training during the 1940s, not from being a military pilot.
Hollingworth retired in 1981 and primarily lived in British Hong Kong, but also spent time in other countries.
Answer: True
Explanation: After retiring in 1981, she moved to British Hong Kong, also spending time in Britain, France, and China.
Clare Hollingworth's first marriage to Vandeleur Robinson ended due to his involvement in the League of Nations Union.
Answer: False
Explanation: Her first marriage to Vandeleur Robinson failed during the war, not due to his involvement in the League of Nations Union.
Clare Hollingworth's second husband, Geoffrey Hoare, was a correspondent for The Guardian.
Answer: False
Explanation: Her second husband, Geoffrey Hoare, was The Times' Middle East correspondent, not a correspondent for The Guardian.
Hollingworth was an honorary member of the Foreign Correspondents' Club in Hong Kong, visiting daily.
Answer: True
Explanation: She was a near-daily visitor to the Foreign Correspondents' Club in Hong Kong, where she held the honorary title of goodwill ambassador.
Clare Hollingworth's memoirs, titled 'Front Line', were published in 1990.
Answer: True
Explanation: Her memoirs, titled 'Front Line', were indeed published in 1990.
In which city did Clare Hollingworth pass away at the age of 105?
Answer: Central, Hong Kong
Explanation: Clare Hollingworth passed away in Central, Hong Kong, at the age of 105.
What honor did Elizabeth II bestow upon Clare Hollingworth in 1982?
Answer: Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE)
Explanation: In 1982, Elizabeth II appointed Clare Hollingworth an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for her services to journalism.
According to the BBC, what quality set Clare Hollingworth apart from other women war correspondents?
Answer: Her depth of technical, tactical, and strategic insight.
Explanation: The BBC highlighted her 'depth of technical, tactical and strategic insight' as a quality that distinguished her from her peers.
How did The New York Times describe Clare Hollingworth's standing among war correspondents?
Answer: The undisputed doyenne
Explanation: The New York Times referred to Clare Hollingworth as 'the undisputed doyenne of war correspondents,' acknowledging her preeminent status.
How did Clare Hollingworth acquire her specialized knowledge about aircraft?
Answer: She underwent pilot training during the 1940s.
Explanation: She developed her specialized knowledge about aircraft after undergoing pilot training during the 1940s.
In what year did Clare Hollingworth retire from journalism?
Answer: 1981
Explanation: Clare Hollingworth retired from journalism in 1981.
What was the profession of Clare Hollingworth's second husband, Geoffrey Hoare?
Answer: The Times' Middle East correspondent.
Explanation: Clare Hollingworth's second husband, Geoffrey Hoare, was The Times' Middle East correspondent.
What honorary title did Clare Hollingworth hold at the Foreign Correspondents' Club in Hong Kong?
Answer: Goodwill Ambassador
Explanation: At the Foreign Correspondents' Club in Hong Kong, Hollingworth held the honorary title of goodwill ambassador.
Which of the following books was NOT authored by Clare Hollingworth?
Answer: 'Of Fortunes and War'
Explanation: Clare Hollingworth authored 'The Three Weeks' War in Poland', 'There's a German Just Behind Me', and 'Mao and the Men Against Him'. 'Of Fortunes and War' is a biography written by her great-nephew, Patrick Garrett.
How was Clare Hollingworth honored by Google on her 106th birthday?
Answer: A Google Doodle was featured.
Explanation: On her 106th birthday, Google honored Clare Hollingworth by featuring a Google Doodle on its homepage.