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The cleansing of the Temple narrative is documented in all four canonical Christian gospels.
Answer: True
Explanation: The cleansing of the Temple narrative is documented in all four canonical Christian gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John.
Jesus expelled merchants and money changers, overturned tables, and poured out money, but did not drive out livestock from the Temple.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Gospels state that Jesus expelled merchants and money changers, overturned tables, poured out money, and also drove out livestock from the Temple.
The Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke) place the cleansing of the Temple event near the beginning of Jesus's public ministry.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Synoptic Gospels place the cleansing of the Temple event near the end of Jesus's public ministry, whereas the Gospel of John places it near the beginning.
The Gospel of John specifies that Jesus used a scourge made of large ropes to drive out the merchants and animals.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Gospel of John specifies that Jesus used a scourge made of small cords, not large ropes, to drive out the merchants and animals.
The Wedding at Cana preceded the cleansing of the Temple in the Synoptic Gospels' narrative timeline.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Wedding at Cana preceded the cleansing of the Temple in the Gospel of John's narrative timeline, not in the Synoptic Gospels.
The cursing of the Fig Tree succeeded the cleansing of the Temple in the Gospel of John's narrative.
Answer: False
Explanation: The cursing of the Fig Tree succeeded the cleansing of the Temple in the Synoptic Gospels' narrative, not in the Gospel of John's narrative.
In the Synoptic Gospels, Jesus accused the merchants of turning the Temple into 'a market'.
Answer: False
Explanation: In the Synoptic Gospels, Jesus accused the merchants of turning the Temple into 'a den of thieves'; the Gospel of John refers to it as 'a market'.
Which canonical gospels recount the cleansing of the Temple?
Answer: All four canonical gospels
What did Jesus use to drive out the merchants and animals from the Temple, according to the Gospel of John?
Answer: A scourge of small cords
What did Jesus accuse the merchants of turning the Temple into, according to the Synoptic Gospels?
Answer: A den of thieves
How does the placement of the cleansing of the Temple event differ between the Gospel of John and the Synoptic Gospels?
Answer: John places it near the beginning, Synoptics near the end.
What event preceded the cleansing of the Temple in the Gospel of John?
Answer: The Wedding at Cana
What event succeeded the cleansing of the Temple in the Synoptic Gospels?
Answer: The cursing of the Fig Tree
The commercial activities Jesus opposed primarily took place within the Holy of Holies in the Temple.
Answer: False
Explanation: The commercial activities Jesus opposed primarily took place in the Court of the Gentiles, the outermost court of the Temple complex, not within the Holy of Holies.
Money changers facilitated Temple tax payments by converting foreign currency, and dove sellers provided birds for the poor.
Answer: True
Explanation: Money changers facilitated Temple tax payments by converting foreign currency, and dove sellers provided birds for the poor, particularly women, who could not afford more expensive sacrifices.
The dove sellers in the Temple courtyard primarily provided birds for wealthy patrons who could afford more expensive sacrifices.
Answer: False
Explanation: The dove sellers in the Temple courtyard primarily provided birds for the poor, particularly women, who could not afford more expensive sacrifices.
What was the primary function of the money changers in the Second Temple?
Answer: To convert foreign currency into accepted Temple currency for taxes and purchases
Where within the Temple complex did the buying and selling primarily occur?
Answer: The Court of the Gentiles
What was the specific purpose of the dove sellers in the Temple courtyard?
Answer: To provide birds for the poor, particularly women, who could not afford more expensive sacrifices.
What did Sanders and Bart D. Ehrman note about currency conversion in the Temple?
Answer: It was conducted within the Temple precincts using Greek and Roman money.
E.P. Sanders considers it highly improbable that Jesus performed any action in the Temple during his ministry.
Answer: False
Explanation: E.P. Sanders considers it 'overwhelmingly probable' that Jesus performed some action in the Temple during his ministry.
Maurice Casey suggests that Temple authorities likely avoided confronting Jesus and his disciples due to a lack of fear of causing a revolt.
Answer: False
Explanation: Maurice Casey suggests that Temple authorities likely avoided confronting Jesus and his disciples due to fear of causing a revolt or bloodshed.
Scholars in the Jesus Seminar question the historicity of the Temple cleansing incident as described in the Gospels.
Answer: True
Explanation: Scholars in the Jesus Seminar question the historicity of the Temple cleansing incident as described in the Gospels, though they generally believe Jesus performed some anti-temple act.
D. A. Carson suggests that Temple guards did not arrest Jesus immediately because the crowd disapproved of his actions.
Answer: False
Explanation: D. A. Carson suggests that Temple guards did not arrest Jesus immediately because the crowd supported his actions, potentially preventing unrest.
Andy Alexis-Baker's grammatical analysis concluded that the original Greek text describes a violent act by Jesus against the merchants.
Answer: False
Explanation: Andy Alexis-Baker's grammatical analysis concluded that the original Greek text does not describe a violent act by Jesus against the merchants, suggesting that common English translations may add complexities not present in the source Greek.
Most historians agree that an event of this nature took place, though some scholars suggest the Gospel accounts might refer to two separate incidents.
Answer: True
Explanation: Most historians agree that an event of this nature took place, though some scholars suggest the Gospel accounts might refer to two separate incidents due to differing details and placement.
What is E.P. Sanders's perspective on the historicity of Jesus's actions in the Temple?
Answer: He considers it 'overwhelmingly probable' that Jesus did something in the Temple.
What do scholars in the Jesus Seminar question regarding the Temple cleansing incident?
Answer: The historicity of the incident as described in the Gospels
According to D. A. Carson, why were Jesus's actions in the Temple not immediately met with arrest?
Answer: The crowd supported Jesus's actions, potentially preventing unrest.
What is the nuance in the historical consensus regarding the cleansing of the Temple event?
Answer: Most historians agree it happened, but some suggest accounts might refer to two separate incidents.
Origen, a 3rd-century theologian, denied the historical accuracy of the Temple cleansing and interpreted it metaphorically as the soul being freed from earthly concerns.
Answer: True
Explanation: Origen, a 3rd-century theologian, denied the historical accuracy of the Temple cleansing, interpreting it metaphorically as the soul being freed from earthly concerns.
In the Synoptic Gospels, Jesus accused the Temple authorities of victimizing wealthy Roman officials.
Answer: False
Explanation: In the Synoptic Gospels, Jesus accused the Temple authorities of victimizing the poor and widows, not wealthy Roman officials.
John Dominic Crossan argued that Jesus's action was primarily intended to cleanse the Temple of financial corruption.
Answer: False
Explanation: John Dominic Crossan argued that Jesus's action was primarily intended as a protest against the institution of animal sacrifice and transactional forgiveness, rather than solely financial corruption.
The Toledot Yeshu claims Jesus entered the Temple alone to perform a ritual cleansing.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Toledot Yeshu claims Jesus entered the Temple not alone, but with 310 followers, and portrays him as stealing the 'shem hamephorash' from the Holy of Holies.
John Calvin used the cleansing of the Temple story to justify his role in the Crusades.
Answer: False
Explanation: John Calvin used the cleansing of the Temple story to defend himself when accused of complicity in the burning of Michael Servetus, not to justify his role in the Crusades.
Theodore of Mopsuestia believed the event was non-historical and that Jesus only spoke to the merchants, not using a whip.
Answer: False
Explanation: Theodore of Mopsuestia believed the event was historical and that Jesus whipped animals but only spoke to the merchants and overturned their tables.
How did Origen, in the 3rd century, interpret the cleansing of the Temple event?
Answer: Metaphorically, seeing the Temple as the human soul
What deeper socio-economic critique does Marvin L. Krier Mich suggest regarding Jesus's actions?
Answer: Jesus was critiquing the Temple establishment's cooperation with the aristocracy in exploiting the poor.
What does John Dominic Crossan argue was Jesus's primary intention during the Temple cleansing?
Answer: To protest the institution of animal sacrifice and transactional forgiveness
What does the Toledot Yeshu claim about Jesus's entry into the Temple?
Answer: Jesus entered the Temple with a large group of followers.
How did John Calvin relate the Temple cleansing to his own life?
Answer: He used it to defend himself when accused of complicity in the burning of Michael Servetus.
What specific accusation did Jesus make regarding the Temple authorities and widows, according to Mark and Luke?
Answer: They stole from widows and charged them high prices for sacrifices.
El Greco is an artist recognized for creating multiple artistic representations of the cleansing of the Temple.
Answer: True
Explanation: The artist El Greco is recognized for creating multiple artistic representations of the cleansing of the Temple.
Rembrandt's 1626 artwork depicts Jesus driving out money changers using only harsh words.
Answer: False
Explanation: Rembrandt's 1626 artwork depicts Jesus driving out money changers with a whip, positioned in the top left of the composition.
The mosaics in Monreale Cathedral depict Jesus blessing the tradesmen who were present in the Temple.
Answer: False
Explanation: The mosaics in Monreale Cathedral depict Jesus banishing tradesmen from the sacred space, not blessing them.
The cleansing of the Temple is a rarely depicted event in the history of Christian art.
Answer: False
Explanation: The cleansing of the Temple is a commonly depicted event in the history of Christian art, often appearing within cycles illustrating the Life of Christ.
Which artist is noted for painting several versions of the cleansing of the Temple?
Answer: El Greco
What does Rembrandt's 1626 artwork show regarding Jesus's actions in the Temple?
Answer: Jesus driving out merchants with a whip, positioned in the top left
What does the artwork from the Monreale Cathedral mosaics show regarding the cleansing of the Temple?
Answer: Jesus banishing tradesmen from the sacred space
What does the artwork 'Casting out the money changers' by Giotto illustrate?
Answer: Jesus expelling individuals involved in commerce from the Temple