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The Colony of Virginia, established in 1606, was the first successful English settlement in North America.
Answer: False
Explanation: While the Colony of Virginia, established in 1606, was the first enduring English colony, earlier settlement attempts such as the Roanoke Colony had previously been made.
Jamestown was founded by the Virginia Company under a charter granted by Queen Elizabeth I.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Virginia Company received its charter from King James I, not Queen Elizabeth I, for the founding of Jamestown.
The Popham Colony, established in 1607, was a long-lasting settlement that eventually merged with Jamestown.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Popham Colony proved ephemeral, failing within its initial two years due to famine, disease, and conflict with indigenous populations, and it did not merge with Jamestown.
The Virginia Colony transitioned to a crown colony in 1624 after the English Civil War.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Virginia Colony transitioned to a crown colony in 1624, which predates the English Civil War.
Sir Walter Raleigh named the region "Virginia" after Queen Victoria.
Answer: False
Explanation: The name "Virginia" was not given in honor of Queen Victoria.
The Charter of 1606 divided the English colonization efforts into two main companies: the Virginia Company of London and the Plymouth Company.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Charter of 1606 indeed established two primary entities for English colonization: the Virginia Company of London and the Plymouth Company.
The Virginia Company of London's charter granted it rights to colonize areas north of the 45th parallel.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Virginia Company of London's charter granted rights to colonize areas between the 34th and 41st parallels, not north of the 45th parallel.
The Jamestown colonists chose a location with abundant game and a readily available source of fresh water.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Jamestown colonists selected a location that proved disadvantageous, offering little game and lacking a natural source of fresh drinking water.
Dale's Code, implemented from 1611 to 1618, established a lenient legal framework for early Virginia settlers.
Answer: False
Explanation: Dale's Code represented a stringent and harsh legal framework, not a lenient one, for the early Virginia settlers.
The House of Burgesses, established in 1619, was the first royal governor's advisory council in the New World.
Answer: False
Explanation: The House of Burgesses, established in 1619, holds significance as the first elected representative legislative assembly in the New World, not as a governor's advisory council.
The "Starving Time" occurred between 1609 and 1610, resulting in the deaths of most of the Jamestown colonists.
Answer: True
Explanation: The "Starving Time" was a period of severe hardship from late 1609 to May 1610, during which a significant majority of the Jamestown colonists perished.
The Governor's Council in early Virginia primarily handled judicial matters, separate from the legislative body.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Governor's Council played a role in executive and advisory functions, often intertwined with legislative and judicial responsibilities, rather than being solely separate judicial body.
The revised 1609 charter theoretically extended the Virginia Colony's claim to the Pacific Ocean.
Answer: True
Explanation: The revised 1609 charter expanded the Virginia Company's territory to claim lands stretching "from sea to sea," theoretically extending the colony's claim to the Pacific Ocean.
The "Lost Colony" refers to the Jamestown settlement after the "Starving Time."
Answer: False
Explanation: The "Lost Colony" refers to the mysterious disappearance of the Roanoke settlement, not the Jamestown settlement after the "Starving Time."
Which of the following was an earlier English settlement attempt in North America before Jamestown?
Answer: The Roanoke Colony
Explanation: The Roanoke Colony represents an earlier English settlement attempt in North America prior to the establishment of Jamestown.
Who chartered the Virginia Company, responsible for founding the Jamestown colony?
Answer: King James I
Explanation: The Virginia Company, responsible for the founding of Jamestown, received its charter from King James I of England.
What was the primary reason for the failure of the Popham Colony established in 1607?
Answer: Famine, disease, and conflicts with local Native Americans.
Explanation: The Popham Colony failed due to a combination of factors including famine, disease, and conflicts with the local Native American tribes.
Under what circumstances did Virginia become a crown colony?
Answer: When King James I revoked the Virginia Company's charter in 1624.
Explanation: Virginia became a crown colony in 1624 when King James I revoked the charter of the Virginia Company, placing the colony under direct royal authority.
Which of the following was NOT one of the two competing branches chartered in 1606?
Answer: The Jamestown Company
Explanation: The Charter of 1606 established the Plymouth Company and the Virginia Company of London; the 'Jamestown Company' was not one of these chartered branches.
The Charter of 1606 stipulated that colonies could not be established within how many miles of another company's territory?
Answer: 100 miles
Explanation: The Charter of 1606 mandated that colonies could not be established within one hundred miles of another company's designated territory.
Which factor severely hampered the survival of the early Jamestown colonists?
Answer: A location with little game and no natural fresh water.
Explanation: The Jamestown colonists' chosen location offered insufficient game and lacked a natural source of fresh water, severely hindering their survival.
The "Starving Time" (1609-1610) was primarily caused by:
Answer: A severe drought and lack of imported supplies.
Explanation: The "Starving Time" was primarily caused by severe food shortages resulting from drought and a lack of imported supplies.
What was the administrative organization of Virginia's plantations in 1619 called?
Answer: Incorporations or "citties"
Explanation: In 1619, Virginia's administrative divisions for plantations were known as incorporations or "citties."
What historical significance does the House of Burgesses hold?
Answer: It was the first elected representative legislative assembly in the New World.
Explanation: The House of Burgesses is historically significant as the first elected representative legislative assembly in the New World.
Corn was the primary agricultural export that drove the early economy of the Virginia Colony.
Answer: False
Explanation: Tobacco, not corn, became the primary agricultural export that drove the early economy of the Virginia Colony, significantly shaping its economic trajectory.
John Rolfe is credited with introducing a less desirable strain of tobacco that ultimately failed in the Virginia market.
Answer: False
Explanation: John Rolfe introduced sweeter strains of tobacco that became the colony's first profitable cash crop, ensuring its economic viability.
The first Africans arrived in Virginia in 1619 and were immediately classified as chattel slaves.
Answer: False
Explanation: The first Africans arrived in 1619, and their initial status was unclear, possibly including indentured servitude, with legal precedents for chattel slavery developing later.
The sentencing of John Punch in 1640 marked an early legal precedent for lifetime servitude for Africans in Virginia.
Answer: True
Explanation: The case of John Punch in 1640 established a legal precedent for lifetime servitude for Africans, distinguishing their status from European indentured servants.
The Royal African Company held a monopoly on supplying enslaved Africans to Virginia in the early 17th century.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Royal African Company held a monopoly on supplying enslaved Africans to Virginia primarily in the late 17th century, not the early 17th century.
Early economic activities of the Virginia Company included glassworks and ironworks, but not the export of pitch or clapboard.
Answer: False
Explanation: Early economic activities of the Virginia Company included the export of pitch and clapboard, alongside glassworks and ironworks.
The Tobacco Inspection Act of 1730 aimed to decrease the quality of tobacco exported from Virginia.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Tobacco Inspection Act of 1730 was designed to ensure a more consistent and improved quality of tobacco exported from Virginia.
Which crop transformed the Virginia Colony's economy, becoming its first profitable export?
Answer: Tobacco
Explanation: Tobacco became the Colony of Virginia's first profitable export, transforming its economy and shaping its development.
John Rolfe's introduction of sweeter tobacco strains by 1612 had what primary effect?
Answer: It made tobacco the colony's first profitable cash crop.
Explanation: John Rolfe's introduction of improved tobacco strains established tobacco as the colony's first profitable cash crop.
What was the significance of the first Africans arriving in Virginia in 1619?
Answer: Their initial status was unclear, possibly including indentured servitude.
Explanation: The arrival of the first Africans in 1619 was significant because their initial status was unclear, potentially including indentured servitude rather than immediate chattel slavery.
The Royal African Company played a significant role in Virginia's labor system during which period?
Answer: Late 17th century (after 1660s)
Explanation: The Royal African Company significantly influenced Virginia's labor system during the late 17th century, particularly after the 1660s.
Which of the following was an early economic activity pursued by the Virginia Company besides searching for gold?
Answer: Constructing an ironworks.
Explanation: Besides searching for gold, the Virginia Company pursued early economic activities such as constructing an ironworks.
The Tobacco Inspection Act of 1730 aimed to ensure:
Answer: A more consistent and improved quality of exported tobacco.
Explanation: The Tobacco Inspection Act of 1730 was designed to ensure a more consistent and improved quality of tobacco exported from Virginia.
King Charles II granted Virginia the nickname "The Old Dominion" in recognition of its support during the English Civil War.
Answer: True
Explanation: Virginia received the nickname "The Old Dominion" from King Charles II in recognition of its loyalty to the Crown during the English Civil War.
Bacon's Rebellion in 1676 was an external conflict initiated by Native American tribes against the colonial government.
Answer: False
Explanation: Bacon's Rebellion was an internal conflict within the Virginia Colony, primarily driven by colonial grievances against Governor William Berkeley's administration.
The First Anglo-Powhatan War began in 1610 as a result of English retaliatory actions against the Powhatan Confederacy.
Answer: True
Explanation: The First Anglo-Powhatan War was initiated in 1610 by Lord De La Warr's aggressive military actions against the Paspahegh tribe.
The Second Anglo-Powhatan War, starting in 1622, was initiated by a large-scale surprise attack by the English colonists.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Second Anglo-Powhatan War commenced in 1622 with coordinated surprise attacks led by Chief Opechancanough.
The Third Anglo-Powhatan War ended with a peace treaty that recognized the Powhatan Confederacy as equal partners with the Virginia Colony.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Third Anglo-Powhatan War concluded with the capture and death of Chief Opechancanough, leading to the disintegration of the Powhatan Confederacy, rather than a treaty recognizing them as equal partners.
The Treaty of 1646 between Virginia and the Powhatan subtribes created a racial frontier, requiring passes for crossing.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Treaty of 1646 established a "racial frontier" that demarcated English and Indian settlements and required special passes for crossing between them.
During the English Civil War, Virginia sided with the Parliamentarians, unlike the Puritan colonies in New England.
Answer: False
Explanation: During the English Civil War, Virginia demonstrated loyalty to the Crown, contrasting with the Parliamentarian leanings of some New England colonies.
The Act of 1650 prohibited trade with Virginia because it supported the Royalists during the English Civil War.
Answer: True
Explanation: The "Act for prohibiting Trade..." in 1650 was enacted by the English Parliament to restrict commerce with colonies perceived as supporting the Royalist cause.
Following the Stuart Restoration in 1660, Governor William Berkeley's tenure was marked by political stability and no significant challenges.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following the Stuart Restoration, Governor William Berkeley's second tenure was marked by significant political discontent, culminating in Bacon's Rebellion.
The Iroquois Confederacy displaced Siouan-speaking tribes in western Virginia during the Beaver Wars in the late 17th century.
Answer: True
Explanation: During the Beaver Wars in the late 17th century, the Iroquois Confederacy expanded into western Virginia, displacing Siouan-speaking tribes.
Fort Christanna was established in 1714 primarily to defend against Iroquois attacks.
Answer: False
Explanation: Fort Christanna was established in 1714 primarily to facilitate trade and foster relations with certain Virginia Indian tribes, rather than solely for defense against Iroquois attacks.
The Treaty of Albany in 1722 primarily concerned trade agreements between Virginia and England.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Treaty of Albany in 1722 involved multiple entities, including the Iroquois Confederacy and several colonies, and concerned broader relations beyond just trade agreements between Virginia and England.
Virginia's population increased during the English Civil War due to an influx of Parliamentarian supporters.
Answer: False
Explanation: Virginia's population increased during the English Civil War due to an influx of "Cavaliers," supporters of the Crown, not Parliamentarian supporters.
The "racial frontier" established in 1646 aimed to integrate English and Native American communities.
Answer: False
Explanation: The "racial frontier" established by the Treaty of 1646 aimed to create a clear boundary and restrict movement between English and Native American settlements, formalizing separation.
Why was Virginia given the nickname "The Old Dominion"?
Answer: It was granted by King Charles II for its loyalty during the English Civil War.
Explanation: Virginia received the nickname "The Old Dominion" from King Charles II in recognition of its loyalty to the Crown during the English Civil War.
Bacon's Rebellion in 1676 was a challenge primarily directed against:
Answer: The authority of Governor William Berkeley.
Explanation: Bacon's Rebellion in 1676 was primarily a challenge against the authority and policies of Governor William Berkeley.
The First Anglo-Powhatan War was triggered in 1610 by:
Answer: Aggressive actions by Lord De La Warr against the Paspahegh people.
Explanation: The First Anglo-Powhatan War was initiated in 1610 by Lord De La Warr's aggressive military actions against the Paspahegh tribe.
What marked the beginning of the Second Anglo-Powhatan War in 1622?
Answer: A series of coordinated surprise attacks by Chief Opechancanough.
Explanation: The Second Anglo-Powhatan War commenced in 1622 with coordinated surprise attacks led by Chief Opechancanough.
What was the fate of Chief Opechancanough at the conclusion of the Third Anglo-Powhatan War?
Answer: He was captured and killed by a guard while imprisoned.
Explanation: Chief Opechancanough was captured during the Third Anglo-Powhatan War and subsequently killed by a guard while imprisoned.
The Treaty of 1646 between Virginia and the Powhatan subtribes designated the tribes as:
Answer: Tributaries to the English Crown
Explanation: Under the Treaty of 1646, the Powhatan subtribes were designated as tributaries to the English Crown.
How did Virginia's political alignment during the English Civil War contrast with that of Massachusetts?
Answer: Virginia supported the Crown; Massachusetts supported Parliament.
Explanation: During the English Civil War, Virginia aligned with the Crown, while Massachusetts supported Parliament.
The "Act for prohibiting Trade with the Barbadoes, Virginia, Bermuda and Antego" in 1650 was enacted by:
Answer: The English Parliament
Explanation: The "Act for prohibiting Trade..." in 1650 was enacted by the English Parliament.
Which event occurred during Governor William Berkeley's second tenure, following the Stuart Restoration?
Answer: Bacon's Rebellion.
Explanation: Bacon's Rebellion occurred during Governor William Berkeley's second tenure, following the Stuart Restoration.
The "racial frontier" established by the Treaty of 1646 primarily aimed to:
Answer: Create a clear boundary and restrict movement between English and Indian settlements.
Explanation: The "racial frontier" established by the Treaty of 1646 aimed to create a clear boundary and restrict movement between English and Native American settlements.
Fort Christanna was established in 1714 primarily to:
Answer: Facilitate trade and foster relations with certain Virginia Indian tribes.
Explanation: Fort Christanna was established in 1714 primarily to facilitate trade and foster relations with specific Virginia Indian tribes.
The House of Burgesses was the sole governing body of the Virginia Colony from 1619 onwards.
Answer: False
Explanation: The House of Burgesses, established in 1619, was a primary legislative body but governed alongside the colonial governor and other administrative structures, not as the sole governing body.
Williamsburg served as the capital of the Virginia Colony before Jamestown.
Answer: False
Explanation: Jamestown served as the capital of the Virginia Colony from 1607 to 1699, preceding Williamsburg's tenure as the capital.
The territory claimed by the Colony of Virginia during the Revolutionary War was limited to the present-day state of Virginia.
Answer: False
Explanation: The territorial claims of the Colony of Virginia during the Revolutionary War extended significantly beyond the present-day state of Virginia, encompassing vast regions to the west.
The first printing press in Virginia, established in 1680, operated continuously until the American Revolution.
Answer: False
Explanation: The first printing press in Virginia, established in 1680, was shut down by the Governor due to a lack of license and did not operate continuously.
By the late 17th century, Virginia's settlements were predominantly large, densely populated towns.
Answer: False
Explanation: By the late 17th century, Virginia's settlements were characterized by plantations and farms, with towns being fewer and generally smaller, serving as ports or administrative centers.
The "hundreds" were early attempts at establishing towns that later became the county seats in Virginia.
Answer: False
Explanation: The "hundreds" were large land developments, not necessarily towns that became county seats; they represented organized efforts to settle and cultivate land.
In 1619, Virginia's administrative divisions were organized into counties.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 1619, Virginia's administrative divisions were organized into four "incorporations" or "citties"; counties (originally shires) were designated later in 1634.
Shire designations in Virginia, established in 1634, were later renamed provinces.
Answer: False
Explanation: Shire designations in Virginia, established in 1634, were later renamed counties, not provinces.
The Northern Neck Proprietary was a land grant intended to reward French Huguenot refugees.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Northern Neck Proprietary was a land grant established to reward supporters of the Crown, not specifically French Huguenot refugees.
What body governed the Virginia Colony alongside the colonial governor from 1619 to 1776?
Answer: The General Assembly
Explanation: The General Assembly, established in 1619, served as the primary legislative body governing the Virginia Colony alongside the colonial governor.
Which city served as the capital of the Virginia Colony from 1607 to 1699?
Answer: Jamestown
Explanation: Jamestown served as the capital of the Virginia Colony from its establishment in 1607 until 1699.
According to the source, which modern-day state was entirely encompassed by the Colony of Virginia's claims during the American Revolutionary War?
Answer: Kentucky
Explanation: During the American Revolutionary War, Virginia's territorial claims encompassed the entirety of modern-day Kentucky.
The name "Virginia" was initially applied by Sir Walter Raleigh to:
Answer: England's entire North American possession and claim.
Explanation: Sir Walter Raleigh initially applied the name "Virginia" to England's entire claimed territory in North America.
Which of the following colonies, through subsequent charters, significantly reduced Virginia's territorial claims?
Answer: The Province of Carolina
Explanation: Subsequent charters granted to colonies such as the Province of Carolina significantly reduced Virginia's original territorial claims.
What happened to the first printing press established in Virginia in 1680?
Answer: It was shut down by the Governor due to lack of license.
Explanation: The first printing press in Virginia, established in 1680, was shut down by the Governor due to a lack of license.
The Northern Neck Proprietary was a land grant controlled by:
Answer: Private individuals rewarded by the Crown.
Explanation: The Northern Neck Proprietary was a land grant controlled by private individuals who were rewarded by the Crown.
Social Structure, Religion, and Education
Virginia's elite planters in the Williamsburg era generally supported social mobility and the breakdown of the landed gentry's dominance.
Answer: False
Explanation: Virginia's elite planters adhered to a hierarchical societal concept, the "Great Chain of Being," which discouraged social mobility and reinforced the dominance of the landed gentry.
The primary ethnic groups in the Colony of Virginia were English and Scots-Irish settlers.
Answer: True
Explanation: The population of the Colony of Virginia was predominantly of English descent, with Scots-Irish settlers becoming a significant presence over time.
The Anglican Church was established as the official religion in Virginia in 1619, supported by local taxes.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Anglican Church was formally established as the official religion in Virginia in 1619, with its parishes supported by local taxes and performing civic functions.
The Syms-Eaton Academy, founded in 1634, was the first college established in the American colonies.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Syms-Eaton Academy, founded in 1634, is recognized as the first free public school in America, not the first college.
The College of William & Mary was founded in 1693 in Jamestown.
Answer: False
Explanation: The College of William & Mary was founded in 1693 at Middle Plantation, which was later renamed Williamsburg, not in Jamestown.
By 1750, Virginia had achieved significant religious diversity, with numerous Presbyterian, Lutheran, and Baptist congregations.
Answer: True
Explanation: Following the First Great Awakening, Virginia experienced increased religious diversity, with a notable growth in Presbyterian, Lutheran, and Baptist congregations alongside Anglican churches by 1750.
The "Great Chain of Being" concept encouraged social mobility among different classes in colonial Virginia.
Answer: False
Explanation: The "Great Chain of Being" concept reinforced a rigid social hierarchy and discouraged social mobility among different classes in colonial Virginia.
Thomas Jefferson advocated for laws like entail and primogeniture to preserve the power of the landed aristocracy.
Answer: False
Explanation: Thomas Jefferson advocated for the repeal of entail and primogeniture laws, viewing them as instruments that preserved aristocratic power.
The concept of the "Great Chain of Being" among Virginia's elite planters served to:
Answer: Justify a rigid social hierarchy and discourage change.
Explanation: The "Great Chain of Being" concept served to justify a rigid social hierarchy and discourage social mobility among Virginia's elite planters.
Which legal reforms did Thomas Jefferson promote to challenge the established social order in Virginia?
Answer: The repeal of entail and primogeniture laws.
Explanation: Thomas Jefferson advocated for the repeal of entail and primogeniture laws to challenge the established social order and aristocratic power.
What civic functions did the established Anglican Church parishes perform in colonial Virginia?
Answer: Providing poor relief and maintaining records.
Explanation: Established Anglican Church parishes in colonial Virginia performed civic functions such as providing poor relief and maintaining records.
The Syms-Eaton Academy, founded in 1634, is notable for being:
Answer: The first free public school in America.
Explanation: The Syms-Eaton Academy, established in 1634, is recognized as the first free public school in America.
By 1750, the increase in the number of regular places of worship in Virginia, following the First Great Awakening, indicated:
Answer: Increased religious diversity.
Explanation: The growth in various places of worship by 1750 indicated increased religious diversity in Virginia, following the First Great Awakening.