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The Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS) was published as a green paper on 15 December 2005.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS) was published as a white paper, not a green paper, on 15 December 2005. A white paper represents a formal government policy statement, whereas a green paper is a consultation document.
The primary purpose of the Defence Industrial Strategy is to promote international defence collaborations rather than domestic industrial strength.
Answer: False
Explanation: The primary purpose of the Defence Industrial Strategy is to ensure the UK Armed Forces receive necessary equipment efficiently and to maintain sovereign capabilities within UK companies, emphasizing domestic industrial strength for national security.
The Defence Industrial Strategy document is structured into three parts, with Part B providing a review of the UK defence industry.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy document is indeed structured into three parts: Part A outlines the strategy, Part B reviews the UK defence industry, and Part C details implementation.
The Ministry of Defence is responsible for identifying vital capabilities to be maintained under the DIS to protect UK national security.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Ministry of Defence holds the responsibility for identifying and ensuring the maintenance of vital capabilities under the DIS, a measure deemed essential for protecting UK national security and ensuring appropriate sovereignty.
The term 'sovereign capabilities' within the DIS refers to the essential capabilities held by UK companies in critical defence areas.
Answer: True
Explanation: Within the Defence Industrial Strategy, 'sovereign capabilities' precisely denotes the essential capabilities maintained by UK companies in critical defence sectors, vital for national security and equipment provision.
The Ministry of Defence identified the need to maintain 'appropriate sovereignty' in defence capabilities primarily to reduce reliance on BAE Systems.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Ministry of Defence identified the need to maintain 'appropriate sovereignty' in defence capabilities primarily to protect UK national security, ensuring critical technologies remain under national control, rather than specifically to reduce reliance on BAE Systems.
The Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS) was published to ensure the UK Armed Forces receive equipment on time and at the best value for money.
Answer: True
Explanation: A core objective of the Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS) was to ensure the timely provision of necessary equipment to the UK Armed Forces while achieving optimal value for money, thereby enhancing procurement efficiency.
When was the Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS) published as a white paper?
Answer: 15 December 2005
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS) was formally published as a white paper on 15 December 2005, outlining the government's policy proposals for the defence industrial sector.
What is the primary stated purpose of the Defence Industrial Strategy?
Answer: To ensure the UK Armed Forces are provided with necessary equipment on time and at the best value for money.
Explanation: The primary stated purpose of the Defence Industrial Strategy is to optimize the procurement process, ensuring the UK Armed Forces receive essential equipment efficiently and cost-effectively.
How does the Defence Industrial Strategy aim to achieve its objectives?
Answer: Through the maintenance of sovereign capabilities within UK companies.
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy aims to achieve its objectives by prioritizing the maintenance of sovereign capabilities within UK companies, thereby strengthening the domestic industrial base for national security.
Which part of the Defence Industrial Strategy document provides a review of the UK defence industry?
Answer: Part B
Explanation: Part B of the Defence Industrial Strategy document is specifically dedicated to providing a comprehensive review of the UK defence industry, detailing its structure and capabilities.
Who is responsible for identifying the vital capabilities that must be maintained under the DIS?
Answer: The Ministry of Defence
Explanation: The Ministry of Defence is explicitly tasked with identifying and safeguarding the vital capabilities deemed essential for national security under the Defence Industrial Strategy.
What does the term 'sovereign capabilities' refer to within the context of the Defence Industrial Strategy?
Answer: The essential capabilities held by UK companies in critical defence areas.
Explanation: Within the Defence Industrial Strategy, 'sovereign capabilities' specifically denotes the essential capabilities maintained by UK companies in key defence sectors, which are considered vital for national security.
What is the significance of the Defence Industrial Strategy being published as a white paper?
Answer: It signifies a formal government policy document outlining proposals for future legislation or policy.
Explanation: The publication of the Defence Industrial Strategy as a white paper denotes its status as a formal government policy document, presenting proposals for future legislation or strategic direction in the defence industrial sector.
Why did the Ministry of Defence identify the need to maintain 'appropriate sovereignty' in defence capabilities?
Answer: To protect UK national security.
Explanation: The Ministry of Defence's emphasis on maintaining 'appropriate sovereignty' in defence capabilities is fundamentally driven by the imperative to protect UK national security, ensuring critical defence assets remain under national control.
The Defence Industrial Strategy completely abandoned the concept of 'national champions' in favor of competitive tendering, similar to the Thatcher government's approach.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy represents a significant departure from the Thatcher government's purely competitive tendering approach, explicitly reverting to the concept of 'national champions' to safeguard vital domestic capabilities.
In 2004, the Defence Industries Council warned that an 'open market' approach would strengthen the UK's industrial base.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Defence Industries Council issued a warning in 2004 that a continued 'open market' approach would, in fact, severely weaken the UK's domestic industrial base and potentially jeopardize national sovereignty, rather than strengthen it.
Under Margaret Thatcher's government, the UK's defence procurement market was highly protected, similar to those in Europe and America.
Answer: False
Explanation: Contrary to being highly protected, the UK's defence procurement market under Margaret Thatcher's government became the most open globally, a stark contrast to the more protected markets in Europe and America.
The Defence Industrial Strategy aimed to achieve value for money by exclusively relying on international competitive bidding.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy aimed to achieve value for money by maintaining sovereign capabilities within UK companies, which represents a departure from a purely open market or exclusively international competitive bidding approach.
The Defence Industrial Strategy represents a shift back towards supporting specific domestic industries, departing from a purely open market approach.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy indeed signifies a strategic shift, moving away from a purely open market approach and reverting to the concept of 'national champions' to support and maintain specific domestic defence industries and vital capabilities.
What significant change did Margaret Thatcher's government introduce to UK defence procurement practices?
Answer: It abandoned cost-plus contracts and 'national champions' in favor of competitive tendering.
Explanation: Margaret Thatcher's government fundamentally altered UK defence procurement by moving away from cost-plus contracts and the 'national champions' model, instead embracing competitive tendering.
What was the consequence of Margaret Thatcher's changes on the UK defence procurement market?
Answer: It became the most open market in the world.
Explanation: A direct consequence of Margaret Thatcher's procurement reforms was that the UK defence market transitioned to become the most open globally, contrasting sharply with more protected international markets.
In what significant way does the Defence Industrial Strategy revert from previous procurement policies?
Answer: It reverts to the concept of 'national champions' to maintain vital capabilities.
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy marks a significant policy reversal by re-embracing the concept of 'national champions' to ensure the maintenance of vital domestic defence capabilities, departing from earlier purely competitive approaches.
What warning did the Defence Industries Council issue in 2004 regarding the 'open market' approach?
Answer: It would threaten UK sovereignty by losing its industrial base.
Explanation: In 2004, the Defence Industries Council warned that a continued 'open market' approach risked the severe weakening of the UK's domestic industrial base, thereby posing a threat to national sovereignty.
What was the overall sentiment of the Defence Industries Council's 2004 warning about the 'open market' approach?
Answer: Concern that it would severely weaken the UK's domestic industrial base and jeopardize national sovereignty.
Explanation: The Defence Industries Council's 2004 warning conveyed significant concern that a continued 'open market' approach would critically undermine the UK's domestic defence industrial base, thereby endangering national sovereignty.
What type of contracts did Margaret Thatcher's government abandon in favor of competitive tendering?
Answer: Cost-plus contracts
Explanation: Margaret Thatcher's government notably abandoned cost-plus contracts, which reimburse expenses plus a profit, in favor of competitive tendering to reform defence procurement practices.
BAE Systems was widely recognized as the UK's 'national champion' after the DIS publication, dominating several key industrial capabilities.
Answer: True
Explanation: Following the publication of the DIS, BAE Systems was indeed widely recognized as the UK's 'national champion,' dominating critical industrial capabilities such as naval vessels, submarines, and armoured fighting vehicles.
According to the DIS, BAE Systems supplies less than 50% of the UK’s armoured fighting vehicles.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy indicates that BAE Systems supplies over 95% of the UK's armoured fighting vehicles, demonstrating its near-monopoly in this sector.
BAE Systems CEO Mike Turner indicated that the DIS was not particularly crucial for the company's future in the UK.
Answer: False
Explanation: BAE Systems CEO Mike Turner explicitly stated that the Defence Industrial Strategy was crucial for the company's continued presence and stability in the UK, implying that without it, their future in the UK would have been uncertain.
Network Enabled Capability (NEC) is defined within the DIS as Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition, and Reconnaissance (C4ISTAR).
Answer: True
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy explicitly defines Network Enabled Capability (NEC) as C4ISTAR, encompassing Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition, and Reconnaissance, highlighting its integrated nature in military operations.
According to the DIS, BAE Systems dominates which of the following key industrial capabilities?
Answer: Naval vessels, submarines, and armoured fighting vehicles.
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy identifies BAE Systems as a dominant force in several key industrial capabilities, notably including naval vessels, submarines, and armoured fighting vehicles.
What percentage of the UK’s armoured fighting vehicles (AFVs) are products of BAE Systems, according to the DIS?
Answer: Over 95%
Explanation: According to the Defence Industrial Strategy, BAE Systems is responsible for supplying over 95% of the UK's armoured fighting vehicles, highlighting its near-monopolistic position in this critical sector.
What was BAE Systems CEO Mike Turner's sentiment regarding the DIS?
Answer: He stated the DIS was crucial for the company's continued presence and stability in the UK.
Explanation: BAE Systems CEO Mike Turner articulated that the Defence Industrial Strategy was indispensable for the company's sustained presence and stability within the UK, underscoring its strategic importance.
How is Network Enabled Capability (NEC) defined within the Defence Industrial Strategy?
Answer: As C4ISTAR (Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition, and Reconnaissance).
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy defines Network Enabled Capability (NEC) as C4ISTAR, an acronym representing the integrated systems for Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition, and Reconnaissance in military operations.
The Defence Technology Strategy (DTS) was released in the same year as the Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS).
Answer: False
Explanation: The Defence Technology Strategy (DTS) was released the year after the Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS), serving as a follow-on document focusing on science and technology research.
The primary focus of the Defence Technology Strategy is to discuss where science and technology research should concentrate to deliver capabilities identified in the DIS.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Defence Technology Strategy's primary focus is indeed to guide science and technology research efforts towards delivering the specific capabilities outlined in the Defence Industrial Strategy, thereby linking technological advancement to strategic defence requirements.
The Defence Technology Innovation Centre (DTIC) was expected to publish an updated version of the Defence Technology Strategy in 2010.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Defence Technology Innovation Centre (DTIC) was expected to publish an updated version of the Defence Technology Strategy in 2008, not 2010.
The coalition government initiated the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010 after coming to power.
Answer: True
Explanation: Upon assuming power, the coalition government indeed initiated the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, undertaking a comprehensive assessment of the UK's defence and security landscape.
'National security through technology' was a white paper published in 2015 by the government following the coalition government.
Answer: False
Explanation: The white paper titled 'National security through technology' was published in 2012 by the coalition government, not in 2015 by a subsequent government.
The 'Integrated Review' and 'Defence in a Competitive Age' were mentioned as recent defence policy documents for 2021.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'Integrated Review' and 'Defence in a Competitive Age' are indeed cited as recent defence policy documents published in 2021, reflecting contemporary strategic assessments.
A 'Strategic Defence Review' is listed as a future policy development for 2023.
Answer: False
Explanation: A 'Strategic Defence Review' is listed as a future policy development for 2025, not 2023.
When was the Defence Technology Strategy (DTS) released in relation to the DIS?
Answer: The year after the DIS.
Explanation: The Defence Technology Strategy (DTS) was released the year following the Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS), functioning as a subsequent document to elaborate on technological aspects.
What is the primary focus of the Defence Technology Strategy (DTS)?
Answer: To discuss where science and technology research should concentrate to deliver DIS capabilities.
Explanation: The Defence Technology Strategy (DTS) primarily focuses on directing science and technology research efforts to effectively deliver the capabilities identified and prioritized within the Defence Industrial Strategy.
Which entity was expected to publish an updated version of the Defence Technology Strategy in 2008?
Answer: The Defence Technology Innovation Centre (DTIC)
Explanation: The Defence Technology Innovation Centre (DTIC) was designated as the entity responsible for publishing an updated version of the Defence Technology Strategy in 2008.
What major defence review was initiated by the coalition government after coming to power, following the DIS?
Answer: The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010
Explanation: Following its ascension to power, the coalition government initiated the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, a comprehensive assessment of the UK's defence and security requirements.
In what year did the coalition government publish the white paper titled 'National security through technology'?
Answer: 2012
Explanation: The white paper 'National security through technology' was published by the coalition government in 2012, further detailing the strategic role of technology in national defence.
Which of the following defence policy documents was published in 2021?
Answer: 'Defence in a Competitive Age'
Explanation: 'Defence in a Competitive Age' is identified as a recent defence policy document, published in 2021, reflecting contemporary strategic thinking.
What is the relationship between the Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS) and the Defence Technology Strategy (DTS)?
Answer: The DTS is a follow-on document to the DIS, focusing on science and technology research for DIS capabilities.
Explanation: The Defence Technology Strategy (DTS) functions as a subsequent document to the Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS), specifically guiding science and technology research to support the capabilities outlined in the DIS.
The 'Geddes Axe' from the 1920s is an example of a UK Defence Review that involved significant increases in public spending on defence.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'Geddes Axe' from the 1920s represents a historical UK Defence Review characterized by deep public spending cuts, including those affecting defence, rather than increases.
The Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS) built upon the Strategic Defence Review of 1998 and the Defence Industrial Policy published in 2002.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS) was indeed developed upon the foundations laid by the Strategic Defence Review of 1998 and the Defence Industrial Policy published in 2002, demonstrating a continuity in UK defence policy evolution.
'Options for Change' (1990) and 'Front Line First' (1994) were defence policy documents that followed the Strategic Defence Review of 1998.
Answer: False
Explanation: 'Options for Change' (1990) and 'Front Line First' (1994) were defence policy documents that *preceded* the Strategic Defence Review of 1998, reflecting earlier periods of military restructuring.
The 'Mason Review' of 1975 is listed as a historical UK Defence Review document.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'Mason Review' of 1975 is indeed recognized as a significant historical UK Defence Review document, forming part of the lineage of national defence policy assessments.
The 1981 Defence White Paper was published in 1985.
Answer: False
Explanation: The '1981 Defence White Paper' was published in 1981, as its title indicates, not in 1985.
The 'Delivering Security in a Changing World' document was published in 2005, the same year as the DIS.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'Delivering Security in a Changing World' document was published in 2003, two years prior to the Defence Industrial Strategy (DIS) which was published in 2005.
The Defence Industrial Policy published in 2002 was a foundational document for the later Defence Industrial Strategy.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Policy published in 2002 indeed served as a foundational document, upon which the later Defence Industrial Strategy was built, indicating an evolutionary policy development.
The Defence Industrial Strategy built upon which two earlier UK defence policies?
Answer: The Defence Industrial Policy (2002) and the Strategic Defence Review (1998).
Explanation: The Defence Industrial Strategy was developed building upon the foundational work of the Defence Industrial Policy published in 2002 and the Strategic Defence Review of 1998.
Which of the following historical UK Defence Reviews or White Papers is from the 1920s?
Answer: The 'Geddes Axe'
Explanation: Among the listed historical documents, the 'Geddes Axe' from the 1920s stands as an early example of a UK Defence Review, notable for its significant public spending cuts, including those impacting defence.
What was the 'Strategic Defence Review' of 1998?
Answer: A previous policy document that the Defence Industrial Strategy built upon.
Explanation: The 'Strategic Defence Review' of 1998 was a foundational policy document that the Defence Industrial Strategy subsequently built upon, indicating a continuum in the UK's defence policy development.
The 'Delivering Security in a Changing World' document was published in which year?
Answer: 2003
Explanation: The 'Delivering Security in a Changing World' document, a key UK defence policy paper, was published in 2003.