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The Babri Masjid was a 16th-century mosque situated in the Indian city of Ayodhya.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source identifies the Babri Masjid as a 16th-century mosque located in Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh.
The mosque in Ayodhya was built by Mir Baqi, a commander under the Mughal emperor Babur.
Answer: True
Explanation: Historical accounts indicate that the Babri Masjid was constructed in the 16th century by Mir Baqi, who served under Emperor Babur.
In Hindu tradition, Ayodhya is considered the birthplace of the deity Rama, not Krishna.
Answer: True
Explanation: According to Hindu tradition, Ayodhya is revered as the birthplace of Lord Rama, a central deity in Hinduism.
The first recorded incidents of religious violence at the site occurred in 1855, stemming from claims made by the Nirmohi Akhara sect.
Answer: True
Explanation: The earliest documented instances of religious conflict at the site date back to 1855, originating from claims asserted by the Nirmohi Akhara sect.
In 1859, the British colonial administration erected a railing to separate the mosque's outer courtyard.
Answer: True
Explanation: The British colonial authorities implemented a measure in 1859 by erecting a railing to demarcate the outer courtyard of the mosque.
The placement of Rama idols inside the mosque in 1949 led to the site being declared disputed and locked.
Answer: True
Explanation: The installation of idols of Rama within the mosque premises in 1949 resulted in the site being officially designated as disputed and subsequently locked.
What was the Babri Masjid, and what is the primary significance of Ayodhya according to Hindu tradition?
Answer: A 16th-century mosque in Ayodhya, significant as the birthplace of Lord Rama.
Explanation: The Babri Masjid was a 16th-century mosque located in Ayodhya, a city revered in Hindu tradition as the birthplace of Lord Rama.
The demolition of the Babri Masjid occurred in the context of which long-standing dispute?
Answer: The Ayodhya dispute
Explanation: The demolition was a pivotal event within the protracted socio-political conflict known as the Ayodhya dispute.
What event in 1949 led to the Babri Masjid site being locked and declared a disputed area?
Answer: The placement of idols of Rama inside the mosque.
Explanation: The placement of Rama idols within the mosque in 1949 precipitated its designation as a disputed site and its subsequent closure.
The Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP) began its campaign for a temple at the Ayodhya site in the 1980s.
Answer: True
Explanation: The VHP initiated its campaign advocating for the construction of a temple at the Ayodhya site during the 1980s.
The Ram Rath Yatra, a political rally aimed at generating support for a temple, was led by L. K. Advani.
Answer: True
Explanation: Lal Krishna Advani led the Ram Rath Yatra, a significant political procession designed to galvanize support for the construction of a temple at the Ayodhya site.
The district judge's decision in 1986 allowed Hindus to worship at the site, which bolstered the VHP's campaign.
Answer: True
Explanation: A district court ruling in 1986 permitted Hindu worship at the site, which significantly advanced the Vishva Hindu Parishad's campaign for temple construction.
Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi endorsed the reopening of the mosque gates in 1986 to appease the Hindu community.
Answer: True
Explanation: Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi's administration supported the reopening of the Babri Masjid gates in 1986, a move intended to regain favor with the Hindu electorate.
Following the 1989 general election, the Congress party's strength decreased, and the BJP's support became more crucial.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 1989 general election saw a decline in the Congress party's influence, elevating the importance of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in the subsequent political landscape.
Which political party served as the main political voice for the Vishva Hindu Parishad's (VHP) campaign for a temple at the Ayodhya site starting in the 1980s?
Answer: Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
Explanation: The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) acted as the principal political advocate for the Vishva Hindu Parishad's campaign concerning the Ayodhya temple site from the 1980s onwards.
Which Prime Minister endorsed the reopening of the Babri Masjid gates in 1986, seeking to regain Hindu support?
Answer: Rajiv Gandhi
Explanation: Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi sanctioned the reopening of the Babri Masjid gates in 1986, a decision aimed at consolidating support within the Hindu community.
What was a significant consequence of the 1989 general election concerning the Ayodhya dispute?
Answer: The BJP's parliamentary strength significantly increased, making its support crucial.
Explanation: The 1989 general election resulted in a substantial increase in the BJP's parliamentary representation, thereby enhancing its influence over national politics and the Ayodhya dispute.
The Babri Masjid was destroyed on December 6, 1992.
Answer: True
Explanation: The destruction of the Babri Masjid occurred on December 6, 1992, as documented in the provided materials.
Approximately 150,000 VHP and BJP supporters were present at the rally on December 6, 1992.
Answer: True
Explanation: The rally held on December 6, 1992, at the disputed site, was attended by an estimated 150,000 participants affiliated with the VHP and BJP.
Lal Krishna Advani, Murli Manohar Joshi, and Uma Bharti were among the BJP leaders who spoke at the rally on the day of the demolition.
Answer: True
Explanation: Prominent Bharatiya Janata Party leaders, including L. K. Advani, Murli Manohar Joshi, and Uma Bharti, delivered speeches at the rally preceding the mosque's demolition.
The action of a young man climbing the structure and brandishing a saffron flag served as a signal for the mob to attack.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source indicates that a young man scaling the structure and displaying a saffron flag was perceived as a signal for the mob to commence its assault.
The mosque structure was completely leveled using axes and hammers within a few hours.
Answer: True
Explanation: The demolition process, employing axes and hammers, resulted in the complete leveling of the mosque structure in a matter of hours.
On what specific date did the demolition of the Babri Masjid occur?
Answer: December 6, 1992
Explanation: The destruction of the Babri Masjid took place on December 6, 1992.
Who were identified as the primary groups responsible for carrying out the demolition of the Babri Masjid?
Answer: Activists from the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP) and allied Hindu nationalist organizations.
Explanation: The demolition was primarily carried out by activists associated with the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP) and other affiliated Hindu nationalist groups.
What action by a young man is described in the source as a signal for the mob to begin storming the Babri Masjid structure?
Answer: Climbing the structure and brandishing a saffron flag.
Explanation: The source details that a young man ascended the structure and unfurled a saffron flag, an act interpreted as a signal for the mob to initiate its assault.
How was the Babri Masjid structure ultimately destroyed on December 6, 1992?
Answer: The mob used axes and hammers to tear down the structure.
Explanation: The structure was demolished by the mob utilizing axes and hammers, leading to its complete leveling within a few hours.
Following the demolition, Pakistan closed offices and schools and summoned the Indian ambassador.
Answer: True
Explanation: In the immediate aftermath of the demolition, Pakistan implemented closures of offices and schools and summoned India's ambassador to register a formal protest.
In Bangladesh, Muslim mobs attacked and burned Hindu temples and shops after the demolition.
Answer: True
Explanation: Following the demolition, retaliatory violence occurred in Bangladesh, with Muslim mobs targeting and damaging Hindu temples and businesses.
The Mumbai Riots following the demolition caused the deaths of approximately 900 people.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Mumbai Riots, which ensued after the demolition, resulted in an estimated death toll of approximately 900 individuals.
The demolition and subsequent riots were cited as major factors contributing to the 1993 Mumbai bombings.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Babri Masjid demolition and the ensuing riots were identified as significant contributing factors to the occurrence of the 1993 Mumbai bombings.
Jihadi groups, including the Indian Mujahideen, cited the Babri Masjid demolition as a reason for their attacks.
Answer: True
Explanation: Jihadi organizations, such as the Indian Mujahideen, have explicitly referenced the Babri Masjid demolition as a justification for their acts of violence.
What was the estimated minimum number of deaths resulting directly from the demolition and the immediate subsequent riots?
Answer: At least 2,000 people
Explanation: The demolition and the ensuing riots are estimated to have caused the deaths of at least 2,000 individuals.
Which of the following was an immediate reaction observed in Pakistan following the Babri Masjid demolition?
Answer: Muslim mobs attacked Hindu temples and the Air India office in Lahore.
Explanation: Following the demolition, Pakistan witnessed protests that included attacks on Hindu temples and the Air India office in Lahore.
What retaliatory actions occurred in Bangladesh after the demolition?
Answer: Muslim mobs attacked and burned Hindu temples and houses.
Explanation: In Bangladesh, Muslim mobs engaged in attacks and arson targeting Hindu temples and residences in the wake of the Babri Masjid demolition.
The Mumbai Riots, occurring in late 1992 and early 1993, resulted in approximately how many deaths?
Answer: Around 900 people
Explanation: The Mumbai Riots, which transpired in late 1992 and early 1993, led to the deaths of approximately 900 individuals.
The demolition and subsequent riots were cited as major factors contributing to which later event?
Answer: The 1993 Mumbai bombings
Explanation: The demolition of the Babri Masjid and the ensuing riots were identified as significant contributing factors to the 1993 Mumbai bombings.
Which type of extremist groups cited the Babri Masjid demolition as a justification for their attacks?
Answer: Jihadi groups
Explanation: Jihadi extremist groups, including the Indian Mujahideen, have cited the Babri Masjid demolition as a rationale for their violent activities.
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) found evidence of a prior non-Islamic structure beneath the mosque.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Archaeological Survey of India's findings indicated that the mosque was constructed upon the remnants of a prior non-Islamic structure.
Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao was criticized for his handling of the situation leading up to the demolition.
Answer: True
Explanation: Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao faced criticism regarding his administration's response to the events preceding the mosque's demolition.
The Liberhan Commission report concluded that the events of December 6, 1992, were spontaneous.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Liberhan Commission report explicitly stated that the events of December 6, 1992, were 'neither spontaneous nor unplanned.'
The Liberhan Commission report identified 68 individuals, primarily from the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), as responsible for the demolition.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Liberhan Commission's report implicated 68 individuals, predominantly leaders from the Bharatiya Janata Party, in connection with the mosque's demolition.
The Liberhan Commission report criticized Kalyan Singh for his alleged failure to prevent the demolition.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Liberhan Commission report specifically criticized Kalyan Singh, the then Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, for actions that facilitated the demolition, such as appointing compliant officials.
Police officer Anju Gupta stated that Advani and Joshi made speeches that helped provoke the mob's behavior.
Answer: True
Explanation: According to police officer Anju Gupta's testimony, speeches delivered by L. K. Advani and Murli Manohar Joshi contributed to inciting the mob's actions.
The Liberhan report noted that BJP leaders made strong appeals for the *karsevaks* to immediately stop the demolition.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Liberhan Commission report indicated that BJP leaders made only 'feeble requests' for the *karsevaks* to descend, suggesting a lack of genuine effort to halt the demolition.
Former Intelligence Bureau head Maloy Krishna Dhar claimed in his book that the demolition was planned months in advance.
Answer: True
Explanation: Maloy Krishna Dhar, former Intelligence Bureau chief, asserted in his book that the demolition had been planned approximately ten months prior by senior leaders of the RSS, BJP, and VHP.
The Cobrapost sting operation in 2014 alleged that the demolition was a spontaneous act by frenzied mobs.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Cobrapost sting operation in 2014 suggested that the demolition was a planned act of sabotage orchestrated by the VHP and Shiv Sena, contradicting the notion of spontaneous mob action.
According to the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), what was found regarding the land beneath the mosque?
Answer: The mosque was constructed on land where a non-Islamic structure had previously existed.
Explanation: The Archaeological Survey of India's investigation concluded that the mosque had been built over the remains of a preceding non-Islamic structure.
The Liberhan Commission report, submitted in 2009, concluded what about the events of December 6, 1992?
Answer: The events were neither spontaneous nor unplanned.
Explanation: The Liberhan Commission's findings stated that the events of December 6, 1992, were not spontaneous but rather were planned.
Which group of leaders did the Liberhan Commission primarily identify as responsible for the demolition?
Answer: Leaders from the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
Explanation: The Liberhan Commission report primarily assigned responsibility for the demolition to leaders associated with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
What specific criticism did the Liberhan Commission report level against Kalyan Singh, the then Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh?
Answer: He allegedly posted officials to Ayodhya who would remain silent during the demolition.
Explanation: The Liberhan Commission report criticized Kalyan Singh for allegedly appointing officials in Ayodhya known for their compliance during the demolition.
According to police officer Anju Gupta's statement cited in the source, what role did L. K. Advani and Murli Manohar Joshi play?
Answer: They gave speeches that contributed to provoking the mob's behavior.
Explanation: Police officer Anju Gupta testified that speeches delivered by L. K. Advani and Murli Manohar Joshi served to incite the mob's actions.
What did the Liberhan report observe regarding the appeals made by BJP leaders to the crowd during the demolition?
Answer: They made only "feeble requests" for the *karsevaks* to come down.
Explanation: The Liberhan report noted that appeals from BJP leaders to the *karsevaks* to descend from the structure were minimal and lacked conviction.
In his 2005 book, what did former Intelligence Bureau head Maloy Krishna Dhar claim about the planning of the demolition?
Answer: It was planned 10 months in advance by top RSS, BJP, and VHP leaders.
Explanation: Maloy Krishna Dhar alleged in his 2005 book that the demolition was premeditated, with planning initiated ten months prior by senior figures within the RSS, BJP, and VHP.
What did the Cobrapost sting operation in April 2014 allege about the nature of the Babri Masjid demolition?
Answer: It was an act of sabotage secretly planned by the VHP and Shiv Sena.
Explanation: The Cobrapost sting operation suggested that the demolition was not spontaneous but rather a covertly planned act of sabotage by the VHP and Shiv Sena.
How long did the Liberhan Commission, established to investigate the mosque's destruction, take to submit its final report?
Answer: Approximately 16 years
Explanation: The Liberhan Commission, formed to investigate the mosque's destruction, took approximately sixteen years to finalize and submit its report.
What did the special court judge, Surendra Kumar Yadav, state regarding the planning of the demolition in the 2020 verdict?
Answer: The demolition was not pre-planned.
Explanation: In the 2020 verdict, the special court judge, Surendra Kumar Yadav, concluded that the demolition of the mosque was not a pre-planned event.
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