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Desmond George King-Hele passed away on December 25, 2019.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Desmond George King-Hele died on December 25, 2019.
Desmond King-Hele completed his higher education at the University of Oxford.
Answer: False
Explanation: Desmond King-Hele pursued his higher education at Trinity College, Cambridge, not the University of Oxford.
In 2019, King-Hele received an Honorary Master of Science degree.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 2019, King-Hele received an Honorary Doctor of Letters from the University of Derby, not an Honorary Master of Science.
Desmond King-Hele married Elizabeth Smith in 1954.
Answer: False
Explanation: Desmond King-Hele married Marie Newman in 1954, not Elizabeth Smith.
King-Hele and his wife had three children.
Answer: False
Explanation: Desmond King-Hele and his wife, Marie Newman, had two daughters.
Who was Desmond George King-Hele?
Answer: A British physicist, poet, and author known for bridging science and arts.
Explanation: Desmond George King-Hele was a distinguished British physicist, poet, and author, recognized for his interdisciplinary contributions that bridged scientific and artistic domains.
Where did Desmond King-Hele pursue his university studies?
Answer: Trinity College, Cambridge
Explanation: Desmond King-Hele pursued his university studies at Trinity College, Cambridge.
Who was Marie Newman in relation to Desmond King-Hele?
Answer: His wife
Explanation: Marie Newman was the wife of Desmond King-Hele, whom he married in 1954.
Which of the following statements best describes Desmond George King-Hele's professional profile?
Answer: A physicist known for bridging science and the arts, with significant contributions to space geodesy.
Explanation: Desmond George King-Hele's professional profile is best described as a physicist renowned for bridging science and the arts, who also made significant contributions to the field of space geodesy.
In 1957, King-Hele and Doreen Gilmour proposed using the Blue Streak missile and Black Knight rocket for satellite launches.
Answer: True
Explanation: A report co-authored by King-Hele and Doreen Gilmour in 1957 indeed proposed the utilization of the Blue Streak missile and Black Knight rocket for satellite launch purposes.
King-Hele began his career at the Royal Aircraft Establishment in 1948 and retired in 1988.
Answer: True
Explanation: Desmond King-Hele commenced his tenure at the Royal Aircraft Establishment in 1948 and concluded his career there in 1988.
The primary goal of the 1957 report was to design a new type of rocket engine.
Answer: False
Explanation: The primary goal of the 1957 report co-authored by King-Hele and Gilmour was to propose the use of existing missiles and rockets (Blue Streak and Black Knight) for satellite launches, not to design new engines.
Desmond King-Hele worked at the Royal Aircraft Establishment for exactly 30 years.
Answer: False
Explanation: Desmond King-Hele worked at the Royal Aircraft Establishment for 40 years, from 1948 to 1988, not 30 years.
The Royal Aircraft Establishment was where King-Hele conducted his primary scientific research for 40 years.
Answer: True
Explanation: Desmond King-Hele conducted his primary scientific research at the Royal Aircraft Establishment for a duration of 40 years.
The Blue Streak missile and Black Knight rocket were significant because they were proposed as satellite launchers in King-Hele's early work.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Blue Streak missile and Black Knight rocket held significance in King-Hele's early career as they were proposed in a 1957 report as potential satellite launchers.
What was a primary focus of King-Hele's research at the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE)?
Answer: Studying Earth's gravity and upper atmosphere using satellite orbit determination.
Explanation: A primary focus of King-Hele's research at the Royal Aircraft Establishment involved the study of Earth's gravity and upper atmosphere, achieved through the method of satellite orbit determination.
In what year did King-Hele and Doreen Gilmour propose using the Blue Streak missile and Black Knight rocket as satellite launchers?
Answer: 1957
Explanation: The proposal to utilize the Blue Streak missile and Black Knight rocket for satellite launches was made by King-Hele and Doreen Gilmour in the year 1957.
What was the duration of King-Hele's employment at the Royal Aircraft Establishment?
Answer: 40 years
Explanation: Desmond King-Hele was employed at the Royal Aircraft Establishment for a period of 40 years, from 1948 to 1988.
How long did King-Hele work at the Royal Aircraft Establishment?
Answer: 40 years
Explanation: King-Hele's tenure at the Royal Aircraft Establishment spanned 40 years, from 1948 to 1988.
His primary research focus at the Royal Aircraft Establishment was on aerodynamics and jet engine design.
Answer: False
Explanation: King-Hele's primary research focus at the Royal Aircraft Establishment was on satellite orbit determination to study Earth's gravity and upper atmosphere, not aerodynamics or jet engine design.
Satellite orbit determination involves analyzing observational data to predict a satellite's trajectory.
Answer: True
Explanation: The process of satellite orbit determination fundamentally involves the analysis of observational data to ascertain and predict the trajectory of satellites.
King-Hele is recognized as a pioneer in the field of space geodesy.
Answer: True
Explanation: Desmond King-Hele is widely acknowledged as a foundational figure and pioneer in the scientific discipline of space geodesy.
King-Hele determined that Earth's north and south polar radii differed by approximately 10 meters.
Answer: False
Explanation: King-Hele's refined calculations indicated that the difference between Earth's north and south polar radii was approximately 45 meters, not 10 meters.
The Earth's 'pear shape' refers to the difference in radius between the north and south poles.
Answer: True
Explanation: The term 'pear shape' in the context of Earth's geophysics refers to the asymmetry caused by the difference in radius between the north and south poles, a finding King-Hele's work helped quantify.
King-Hele accurately predicted in 1973 that the Skylab space station would re-enter Earth's atmosphere in 1979.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1973, King-Hele made an accurate prediction that the Skylab space station would re-enter Earth's atmosphere during the year 1979.
Space geodesy is primarily concerned with the study of distant nebulae and star formation.
Answer: False
Explanation: Space geodesy is primarily concerned with measuring and understanding the Earth's shape, gravity field, and rotational characteristics, not distant nebulae or star formation.
King-Hele's research at RAE used satellite orbits to investigate Earth's upper atmosphere and gravity field.
Answer: True
Explanation: A significant aspect of King-Hele's research at the Royal Aircraft Establishment involved utilizing satellite orbit analysis to investigate the characteristics of Earth's upper atmosphere and its gravity field.
The term 'geophysical application' implies King-Hele's work provided insights into Earth's physical properties.
Answer: True
Explanation: The term 'geophysical application' directly implies that King-Hele's research, particularly his analysis of satellite orbits, yielded valuable insights into Earth's physical properties and phenomena.
The primary aims of space geodesy include mapping Earth's gravity field and rotational characteristics.
Answer: True
Explanation: Key objectives within the field of space geodesy encompass the precise mapping of Earth's gravity field and the detailed analysis of its rotational characteristics.
King-Hele's refined estimates showed Earth's north and south polar radii were nearly identical.
Answer: False
Explanation: King-Hele's refined estimates demonstrated a notable difference of 45 meters between Earth's north and south polar radii, indicating they were not nearly identical.
King-Hele's analysis of satellite orbits provided insights into Earth's gravitational field and shape.
Answer: True
Explanation: Through meticulous analysis of satellite orbits, King-Hele's research yielded significant insights into the complexities of Earth's gravitational field and its precise shape.
Satellite geodesy is the scientific discipline most closely associated with King-Hele's research at RAE.
Answer: True
Explanation: The scientific discipline most closely aligned with Desmond King-Hele's research activities at the Royal Aircraft Establishment is satellite geodesy.
King-Hele's prediction about Skylab's re-entry proved to be incorrect.
Answer: False
Explanation: King-Hele's 1973 prediction regarding the Skylab space station's re-entry year (1979) was accurate.
What specific aspect of Earth's shape did King-Hele refine through his work in satellite geodesy?
Answer: The difference between the north and south polar radii.
Explanation: Through his work in satellite geodesy, King-Hele refined the understanding and measurement of the difference between Earth's north and south polar radii.
What did King-Hele accurately predict in 1973 regarding the Skylab space station?
Answer: Its re-entry year into Earth's atmosphere.
Explanation: In 1973, King-Hele accurately predicted the year of the Skylab space station's re-entry into Earth's atmosphere, which was 1979.
What does the field of space geodesy, in which King-Hele was a pioneer, primarily aim to achieve?
Answer: Measuring and understanding Earth's shape and gravity field.
Explanation: The field of space geodesy, in which King-Hele was a pioneer, primarily aims to measure and understand Earth's shape and gravity field using satellite technology.
According to King-Hele's refined estimates, what was the approximate difference between Earth's north and south polar radii?
Answer: 45 meters
Explanation: King-Hele's refined estimates indicated that the approximate difference between Earth's north and south polar radii was 45 meters.
What specific aspects of the Earth did King-Hele investigate using satellite orbits at RAE?
Answer: The gravity field and the upper atmosphere.
Explanation: Using satellite orbits at the Royal Aircraft Establishment, King-Hele investigated specific aspects of the Earth, namely its gravity field and upper atmosphere.
What does the term 'geophysical application' imply regarding King-Hele's work and awards?
Answer: His study of satellite orbits yielded insights into Earth's physical characteristics.
Explanation: The term 'geophysical application' implies that King-Hele's research, particularly his analysis of satellite orbits, yielded practical insights into Earth's physical characteristics and processes.
What was the outcome of King-Hele's 1973 prediction concerning the Skylab space station?
Answer: It was accurate, predicting the correct re-entry year.
Explanation: King-Hele's 1973 prediction regarding the Skylab space station's re-entry year proved to be accurate, correctly forecasting its re-entry in 1979.
Desmond King-Hele was primarily known for his work in theoretical mathematics and abstract algebra.
Answer: False
Explanation: The provided information indicates that Desmond King-Hele was primarily known for his work in space geodesy, satellite orbit determination, and as a biographer and poet, rather than theoretical mathematics or abstract algebra.
King-Hele's writings often explored the connections between Erasmus Darwin and contemporary scientists of his era.
Answer: False
Explanation: While King-Hele wrote extensively on Erasmus Darwin, his primary focus was on the connections between Darwin and the Romantic poets, rather than contemporary scientists.
The first publication listed for King-Hele was 'Theory of Satellite Orbits in an Atmosphere' (1964).
Answer: False
Explanation: The first publication listed for King-Hele is 'Satellites and Scientific Research' (1962), not 'Theory of Satellite Orbits in an Atmosphere' (1964).
King-Hele authored only one book specifically on the subject of Erasmus Darwin.
Answer: False
Explanation: The provided information indicates that King-Hele authored multiple books on Erasmus Darwin, including biographies and analyses of his connections to Romantic poets.
King-Hele's 1992 article in the Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London was titled 'Shelley and Science'.
Answer: True
Explanation: His 1992 article published in the Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London was indeed titled 'Shelley and Science'.
King-Hele established an intellectual link between Erasmus Darwin and poets like Wordsworth and Coleridge.
Answer: True
Explanation: King-Hele's scholarly work established significant intellectual connections between Erasmus Darwin and prominent Romantic poets such as Wordsworth and Coleridge.
King-Hele published a biography titled 'Erasmus Darwin' in 1963.
Answer: True
Explanation: Indeed, Desmond King-Hele published a biography titled 'Erasmus Darwin' in the year 1963.
King-Hele's 1986 work focused on the relationship between Erasmus Darwin and the Victorian poets.
Answer: False
Explanation: King-Hele's 1986 work, 'Erasmus Darwin and the Romantic Poets,' focused on the connection between Darwin and the Romantic poets, not the Victorian poets.
In 1999, King-Hele published 'Erasmus Darwin: A Life of Unequalled Achievement'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The comprehensive biography of Erasmus Darwin by King-Hele, titled 'Erasmus Darwin: A Life of Unequalled Achievement,' was published in 1999.
King-Hele's 2014 publication was titled 'Erasmus Darwin and Evolution'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The publication by King-Hele in 2014 was indeed titled 'Erasmus Darwin and Evolution'.
Besides scientific works, King-Hele also authored novels and screenplays.
Answer: False
Explanation: While King-Hele authored scientific works, biographies, and poetry, the provided information does not indicate that he wrote novels or screenplays.
The connection King-Hele explored between Erasmus Darwin and Romantic poets was purely coincidental.
Answer: False
Explanation: King-Hele's exploration of the connection between Erasmus Darwin and the Romantic poets was based on established intellectual and thematic links, not mere coincidence.
King-Hele extensively explored the connection between Erasmus Darwin and which group of poets?
Answer: Romantic poets
Explanation: King-Hele's scholarly work extensively explored the intellectual connections between Erasmus Darwin and the Romantic poets.
Which of the following was NOT listed as a book authored by Desmond King-Hele?
Answer: 'The Structure of Scientific Revolutions'
Explanation: While King-Hele authored works such as 'Satellites and Scientific Research,' 'Erasmus Darwin: A Life of Unequalled Achievement,' and 'Observing Earth Satellites,' 'The Structure of Scientific Revolutions' is not listed among his publications.
What was the primary focus of King-Hele's 1986 book, 'Erasmus Darwin and the Romantic Poets'?
Answer: Exploring the intellectual connections between Darwin and Romantic poets.
Explanation: The primary focus of King-Hele's 1986 book was to explore the intellectual connections between Erasmus Darwin and the prominent Romantic poets of his era.
Which of the following poets was NOT mentioned in the source as being linked to Erasmus Darwin in King-Hele's writings?
Answer: Keats
Explanation: While Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Shelley were mentioned in relation to Erasmus Darwin in King-Hele's writings, John Keats was not explicitly cited in this context within the provided source material.
What was the title of King-Hele's first listed publication?
Answer: 'Satellites and Scientific Research'
Explanation: The first publication listed for Desmond King-Hele is 'Satellites and Scientific Research,' released in 1962.
What literary genre, besides scientific writing and biography, did King-Hele practice?
Answer: Poetry
Explanation: In addition to his scientific writings and biographical works, Desmond King-Hele also practiced the literary genre of poetry.
What was the title of King-Hele's comprehensive biography of Erasmus Darwin published in 1999?
Answer: 'Erasmus Darwin: A Life of Unequalled Achievement'
Explanation: The comprehensive biography of Erasmus Darwin published by King-Hele in 1999 was titled 'Erasmus Darwin: A Life of Unequalled Achievement'.
In 1971, King-Hele received the Copley Medal from the Royal Society.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 1971, King-Hele received the Eddington Medal and the Chree medal and prize, not the Copley Medal, from the Royal Society.
Being elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) is a minor recognition within the scientific community.
Answer: False
Explanation: Election as a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) is a highly prestigious honor, signifying outstanding contributions to the advancement of scientific knowledge.
Desmond King-Hele was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1966.
Answer: True
Explanation: Desmond King-Hele achieved the distinction of being elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in March 1966.
King-Hele delivered the Wilkins Lecture in 1974.
Answer: False
Explanation: King-Hele delivered the Bakerian Lecture in 1974. The Wilkins Lecture was delivered in 1997.
King-Hele delivered the Bakerian lecture in 1974.
Answer: True
Explanation: Desmond King-Hele delivered the prestigious Bakerian Lecture at the Royal Society in 1974.
In 1971, King-Hele received the Eddington Medal for his work on satellite orbits applied to geophysics.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Eddington Medal was indeed awarded to King-Hele in 1971 for his significant contributions concerning the geophysical applications derived from satellite orbit studies.
The Bakerian Lecture is an annual lecture delivered at the Royal Society focusing on physical sciences.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Bakerian Lecture is indeed a prestigious annual lecture presented at the Royal Society, typically focusing on significant advancements in the physical sciences.
Election as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1966 recognized King-Hele's minor contributions to science.
Answer: False
Explanation: Election as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1966 recognized King-Hele's substantial and significant contributions to science, not minor ones.
Which institution awarded King-Hele an Honorary Doctor of Letters in 2019?
Answer: The University of Derby
Explanation: In 2019, King-Hele was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Letters by the University of Derby.
What prestigious honor was King-Hele elected to in March 1966?
Answer: Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS)
Explanation: In March 1966, Desmond King-Hele was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS).
What was the significance of the Eddington Medal awarded to King-Hele in 1971?
Answer: It honored his work on satellite orbits applied to geophysics.
Explanation: The Eddington Medal awarded to King-Hele in 1971 specifically honored his significant contributions related to the geophysical applications derived from the study of satellite orbits.
Which distinguished lecture did King-Hele deliver at the Royal Society in 1974?
Answer: The Bakerian Lecture
Explanation: In 1974, Desmond King-Hele delivered the distinguished Bakerian Lecture at the Royal Society.
What does election as a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) signify?
Answer: Recognition of outstanding contributions to science.
Explanation: Election as a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) signifies formal recognition of an individual's outstanding contributions to the advancement of scientific knowledge.
What award did King-Hele receive in 1971 in addition to the Eddington Medal?
Answer: The Chree medal and prize
Explanation: In addition to the Eddington Medal, King-Hele also received the Chree medal and prize in 1971.