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Data.europa.eu primarily functions as a web portal providing open data from EU institutions, national portals, and international organizations with a European scope.
Answer: True
Explanation: The data.europa.eu portal serves as a central web portal providing open data from EU institutions, national portals, and international organizations with a European scope, as detailed in its primary function.
Data.europa.eu is available in 27 official languages of the European Union to maximize accessibility.
Answer: False
Explanation: Data.europa.eu is available in 24 official languages of the European Union, not 27, as specified in the portal's accessibility information.
Registration is currently mandatory to use data.europa.eu, especially for accessing basic datasets.
Answer: False
Explanation: Registration is not currently mandatory to use data.europa.eu, though it will be offered for advanced features in the future.
Data.europa.eu currently publishes over 1.6 million datasets originating from 178 different catalogues.
Answer: True
Explanation: Data.europa.eu currently publishes over 1.6 million datasets, which originate from 178 different catalogues, making it a substantial resource for open data.
Users can only access datasets on the European Data Portal and cannot find any editorial articles or reports.
Answer: False
Explanation: In addition to datasets, users can find various editorial content on the European Data Portal, including articles, data-stories, news, studies, and reports.
What is the primary function of data.europa.eu?
Answer: To serve as a web portal providing open data from various European entities.
Explanation: The primary function of data.europa.eu is to serve as a central web portal providing open data from EU institutions, national portals, and international organizations with a European scope.
In how many official languages of the European Union is data.europa.eu available?
Answer: 24
Explanation: Data.europa.eu is available in all 24 official languages of the European Union, ensuring broad accessibility for users across the EU.
Approximately how many datasets are currently published on the data.europa.eu portal?
Answer: More than 1,600,000
Explanation: The data.europa.eu portal currently publishes over 1,600,000 datasets, sourced from 178 different catalogues.
Besides datasets, what other types of information can users find on the European Data Portal?
Answer: Editorial articles, data-stories, news, studies, and reports.
Explanation: Beyond datasets, users can access a variety of editorial content on the European Data Portal, including articles, data-stories, news, studies, and reports, providing broader context and insights.
The current data.europa.eu portal is a new initiative that completely replaced the European Data Portal and the EU Open Data Portal without consolidating them.
Answer: False
Explanation: The current data.europa.eu portal was formed by consolidating, not simply replacing, the European Data Portal and the EU Open Data Portal, aiming for a single, comprehensive meta-catalogue.
The data.europa.eu portal was officially launched on April 21, 2021, marking the consolidation of earlier European data initiatives.
Answer: True
Explanation: The data.europa.eu portal was officially launched on April 21, 2021, as a consolidated platform for previous European data initiatives.
The initial European Data Portal, launched in 2015, was an initiative of the European Parliament as part of a broader digital literacy campaign.
Answer: False
Explanation: The initial European Data Portal, launched in 2015, was an initiative of the European Commission, not the European Parliament, and was part of the Digital Single Market strategy.
Directive 2003/98/EC was the first EU directive to establish the principle that public sector information should be available for free or at a very low cost.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Directive 2003/98/EC laid the groundwork for public sector information re-use, the principle that public sector information should be available for free or at a very low cost was established by the later Directives 2013/37/EU and (EU) 2019/1024.
Decision 2006/291/EC was instrumental in establishing rules for opening the European Commission's data for re-use.
Answer: True
Explanation: Decision 2006/291/EC was instrumental in establishing the initial rules for opening the European Commission's data for re-use, a crucial step towards greater transparency.
Commission Decision 2011/833/EU committed to making EU data available exclusively in PDF formats and limited the creation of an EU Open Data Portal to only specific agencies.
Answer: False
Explanation: Commission Decision 2011/833/EU committed to making EU data available in machine-readable formats and establishing an EU Open Data Portal to publish data from *all* EU institutions, agencies, and bodies, not exclusively in PDF or limited to specific agencies.
The INSPIRE Directive (2007/2/EC) focused on defining an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community to standardize geo-spatial data.
Answer: True
Explanation: The INSPIRE Directive (2007/2/EC) was specifically designed to define an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community, establishing standards for geo-spatial data interoperability and re-use.
Which two previous initiatives were consolidated to form the current data.europa.eu portal?
Answer: The European Data Portal and the EU Open Data Portal.
Explanation: The current data.europa.eu portal was formed by consolidating the European Data Portal and the EU Open Data Portal into a single, comprehensive meta-catalogue.
When was the data.europa.eu portal officially launched?
Answer: April 21, 2021
Explanation: The data.europa.eu portal was officially launched on April 21, 2021, marking a significant milestone in the consolidation of European data initiatives.
The initial European Data Portal, launched in 2015, was an initiative of the European Commission and formed part of which strategy?
Answer: The Digital Single Market strategy
Explanation: The initial European Data Portal, launched in 2015, was an initiative of the European Commission and a component of the broader Digital Single Market strategy.
Which early EU directive laid the groundwork for both EU and member state data portals concerning public sector information?
Answer: Directive 2003/98/EC
Explanation: Directive 2003/98/EC on the re-use of public sector information laid the initial groundwork for the development of both EU and member state data portals.
What was the main contribution of Decision 2006/291/EC?
Answer: It established rules for opening the European Commission's data for re-use.
Explanation: Decision 2006/291/EC was a crucial step in establishing the rules for opening the European Commission's data for re-use, enhancing transparency and accessibility.
Commission Decision 2011/833/EU made a significant commitment regarding EU data by:
Answer: Committing to making data available in machine-readable formats and establishing an EU Open Data Portal.
Explanation: Commission Decision 2011/833/EU made a significant commitment to making EU data available in machine-readable formats and establishing an EU Open Data Portal for all EU institutions, agencies, and bodies.
What was the primary purpose of the INSPIRE Directive (2007/2/EC)?
Answer: To define an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community.
Explanation: The primary purpose of the INSPIRE Directive (2007/2/EC) was to define an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community, establishing standards for geo-spatial data interoperability.
The European Union is the owner of the data.europa.eu portal, and the EU Publications Office was responsible for its creation.
Answer: True
Explanation: The European Union owns the data.europa.eu portal, and its creation was overseen by the EU Publications Office, which also manages the portal.
The European Data Portal is funded by individual EU Member States, not directly by the European Union.
Answer: False
Explanation: The European Data Portal is funded directly by the European Union, not by individual EU Member States.
The Publications Office of the European Union is responsible for managing the European Data Portal.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Publications Office of the European Union is responsible for managing the European Data Portal, playing a central role in information dissemination from EU institutions.
The Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology is responsible for implementing EU open data policy in relation to the portal.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology of the European Commission is responsible for implementing EU open data policy in collaboration with the portal's management.
The delivery of the European Data Portal is solely handled by an in-house team from the European Commission, without external contractors.
Answer: False
Explanation: The delivery of the European Data Portal is contracted to a consortium of external organizations led by Capgemini Invent, not solely handled by an in-house team.
Who is the owner of the data.europa.eu portal?
Answer: The European Union
Explanation: The European Union is the owner of the data.europa.eu portal, reflecting its strategic importance for open data within the Union.
Which entity was responsible for the creation of data.europa.eu?
Answer: The EU Publications Office
Explanation: The EU Publications Office was responsible for the creation of data.europa.eu, aligning with its role in managing and disseminating EU publications and data.
Who funds the European Data Portal?
Answer: The European Union
Explanation: The European Data Portal is funded by the European Union, underscoring its commitment to open data initiatives and digital transformation.
Which office is responsible for managing the European Data Portal?
Answer: The Publications Office of the European Union
Explanation: The Publications Office of the European Union is responsible for managing the European Data Portal, a key function in disseminating information from EU institutions.
Which Directorate-General of the European Commission is responsible for implementing EU open data policy in relation to the portal?
Answer: Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology
Explanation: The Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology of the European Commission is tasked with implementing EU open data policy in relation to the portal.
Which consortium leads the delivery of the European Data Portal?
Answer: Capgemini Invent
Explanation: A consortium of organizations led by Capgemini Invent is contracted for the delivery of the European Data Portal.
The European Data Portal directly hosts all raw data from contributing organizations, rather than functioning as a metadata catalogue.
Answer: False
Explanation: The European Data Portal functions as a metadata catalogue, providing information about where to find datasets rather than directly hosting all raw data from contributing organizations.
The portal publishes metadata following the DCAT Application Profile for data portals in Europe (DCAT-AP) to ensure consistency and interoperability.
Answer: True
Explanation: The portal publishes metadata according to the DCAT Application Profile for data portals in Europe (DCAT-AP), which ensures consistency and interoperability across diverse data sources.
A primary objective of the European Data Portal's metadata approach is to discourage the use of Linked Open Data to simplify data management.
Answer: False
Explanation: A primary objective of the European Data Portal's metadata approach is to encourage, not discourage, the use of Linked Open Data to enhance data utility through semantic queries.
Datasets on the portal can be viewed as web-pages or as RDF linked data in any of the 24 EU official languages.
Answer: True
Explanation: Datasets on the portal are available for viewing as web-pages or as RDF linked data, and this content is accessible in all 24 official EU languages.
To facilitate machine-readable access to metadata, the portal offers an API and SPARQL endpoints.
Answer: True
Explanation: The portal provides an API and SPARQL endpoints to facilitate machine-readable access to its metadata, enabling structured retrieval and communication between software systems.
The software development for the European Data Portal's architecture prioritizes proprietary solutions over open-source options.
Answer: False
Explanation: The software development for the European Data Portal's architecture prioritizes the extensive use of open-source solutions, developing custom software only when a suitable open-source option is unavailable.
Drupal, an open-source content management system, is utilized for the editorial content management system of the European Data Portal.
Answer: True
Explanation: Drupal, an open-source content management system, is specifically used for managing the editorial content of the European Data Portal.
Virtuoso Universal Server is employed as a triplestore for the linked-data database and provides a SPARQL endpoint within the portal's architecture.
Answer: True
Explanation: Virtuoso Universal Server is utilized as a triplestore for the linked-data database and provides a SPARQL endpoint, which is crucial for querying and retrieving linked data within the portal's architecture.
Custom software is only developed for the European Data Portal if an existing open-source solution is too expensive to license.
Answer: False
Explanation: Custom software is developed for the European Data Portal only when a suitable open-source solution cannot be found, not primarily due to the expense of licensing existing open-source options.
The portal uses specific open-source solutions to map metadata from different data models like INSPIRE-CSW and CKAN to DCAT-AP.
Answer: True
Explanation: The portal employs specific open-source solutions to map metadata from various data models, such as INSPIRE-CSW and CKAN, to DCAT-AP, ensuring interoperability and consistency.
How does the European Data Portal primarily function regarding raw data?
Answer: It functions as a metadata catalogue, publishing information about where to find datasets.
Explanation: The European Data Portal primarily functions as a metadata catalogue, providing structured information about where to find and access various datasets rather than hosting the raw data itself.
What common ontology is used for publishing metadata on the data.europa.eu portal?
Answer: DCAT Application Profile for data portals in Europe (DCAT-AP)
Explanation: The data.europa.eu portal publishes metadata following the DCAT Application Profile for data portals in Europe (DCAT-AP), which is a common ontology ensuring consistency and interoperability.
Which of the following is NOT a main objective behind the European Data Portal's approach to metadata publication?
Answer: Restricting access to metadata for commercial entities.
Explanation: The main objectives of the European Data Portal's metadata approach include fostering data re-use, promoting high-quality metadata, and encouraging Linked Open Data, not restricting access for commercial entities.
In what formats can datasets on the portal be viewed?
Answer: As web-pages or as RDF linked data.
Explanation: Datasets on the portal can be viewed as web-pages or as RDF linked data, available in any of the 24 EU official languages, facilitating diverse access methods.
What technical tools are available on the portal to facilitate machine-readable access to metadata?
Answer: An API and SPARQL endpoints.
Explanation: To facilitate machine-readable access to metadata, the portal offers an API (Application Programming Interface) and SPARQL endpoints, enabling structured data retrieval and system communication.
What is a guiding principle for software development in the European Data Portal's architecture?
Answer: Extensive use of open-source solutions whenever possible.
Explanation: A guiding principle for software development in the European Data Portal's architecture is the extensive use of open-source solutions, promoting transparency and collaborative development.
Which open-source solution is used for the editorial content management system of the portal?
Answer: Drupal
Explanation: Drupal, an open-source content management system, is specifically utilized for managing the editorial content of the European Data Portal.
What is the role of Virtuoso Universal Server in the portal's architecture?
Answer: It is used as a triplestore for the linked-data database and offers a SPARQL endpoint.
Explanation: Virtuoso Universal Server functions as a triplestore for the linked-data database and provides a SPARQL endpoint, essential for querying and retrieving linked data within the portal's architecture.
When is custom software developed for the European Data Portal?
Answer: Only when a suitable open-source solution cannot be found.
Explanation: Custom software is developed for the European Data Portal only when a suitable open-source solution is unavailable, adhering to a principle of extensive open-source use.
How does the portal ensure interoperability for metadata from different data models like INSPIRE-CSW and CKAN?
Answer: It developed specific open-source solutions to map these data models to DCAT-AP.
Explanation: The portal ensures interoperability for metadata from different data models by developing specific open-source solutions to map them to DCAT-AP, maintaining consistency across diverse sources.
All editorial content on data.europa.eu is exclusively licensed under a Creative Commons 'CC-BY-SA' license.
Answer: False
Explanation: Editorial content on data.europa.eu is generally released under a Creative Commons 'CC-BY-4.0' license, not exclusively 'CC-BY-SA', and exceptions may apply.
Most data accessible via data.europa.eu can be used for free for commercial and non-commercial purposes, provided the source is acknowledged.
Answer: True
Explanation: Most data on data.europa.eu is available under open licenses, allowing free re-use for both commercial and non-commercial purposes, with the condition of source acknowledgment.
There are no exceptions to the general re-use terms for data on the portal; all data follows the same open license.
Answer: False
Explanation: There are exceptions to the general re-use terms for a small amount of data on the portal, primarily related to data privacy and intellectual property, and licensing can vary by dataset.
As of September 2021, common open licenses on the portal include Creative Commons 'CC-BY-4.0' and Etalab's Open Licence.
Answer: True
Explanation: As of September 2021, common open licenses used on the European Data Portal include the Creative Commons 'CC-BY-4.0' license and Etalab's Open Licence, among others.
Users can find additional information on the terms of use for the portal's content within the 'About Us' section, not a dedicated copyright notice.
Answer: False
Explanation: Additional information on the terms of use for the portal's content can be found in the dedicated copyright notice, not primarily within the 'About Us' section.
What is the default content license for editorial material published on data.europa.eu?
Answer: Creative Commons 'CC-BY-4.0' license
Explanation: Unless otherwise specified, editorial content on data.europa.eu is released under a Creative Commons 'CC-BY-4.0' license, allowing for free use and distribution with proper attribution.
What are the general terms for re-using most of the data accessible via data.europa.eu?
Answer: It can be used for free for both commercial and non-commercial purposes, with source acknowledgment.
Explanation: Most data on data.europa.eu is available under open licenses, allowing free re-use for both commercial and non-commercial purposes, provided the source is acknowledged.
What types of exceptions apply to the general re-use terms for a small amount of data on the portal?
Answer: Exceptions primarily related to the protection of data privacy and intellectual property.
Explanation: Exceptions to the general re-use terms for a small portion of data on the portal are primarily related to the protection of data privacy and intellectual property, with specific conditions linked on relevant dataset pages.
As of September 2021, which of the following is NOT listed as a common open license used for content on the European Data Portal?
Answer: MIT License
Explanation: As of September 2021, common open licenses on the European Data Portal include Creative Commons 'CC-BY-4.0', 'Data licence Germany – attribution', and Etalab's Open Licence; the MIT License is not listed among them.
Where can users find additional information on the terms of use for the portal's content?
Answer: In the portal's copyright notice.
Explanation: Users can find additional information on the terms of use for the portal's content within the dedicated copyright notice, which provides detailed legal guidelines.
The 'Open Data Maturity report' is a monthly publication that ranks EU member states based on their digital infrastructure.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'Open Data Maturity report' is a yearly study that assesses the open-data maturity of EU member states and EFTA countries, not a monthly publication ranking digital infrastructure.
The data.academy section of the portal aims to promote open data literacy by offering free access to courses and learning tools.
Answer: True
Explanation: The data.academy section of the portal is dedicated to promoting open data literacy by providing free access to various educational resources, including courses, videos, and learning tools.
The portal supports external re-use of its data by providing an internal forum for developers to discuss applications.
Answer: False
Explanation: The portal supports external re-use of its data by providing links to external sources that demonstrate data re-use in applications, rather than hosting an internal forum for developers.
What is the 'Open Data Maturity report' on the portal designed to assess?
Answer: The level of open-data maturity of EU member states and EFTA countries.
Explanation: The 'Open Data Maturity report' is an annual study that assesses the open-data maturity of EU member states and EFTA countries, tracking progress and identifying areas for improvement.
What is the primary goal of the data.academy section of the portal?
Answer: To promote open data literacy through free courses and learning tools.
Explanation: The primary goal of the data.academy section is to promote open data literacy by offering free access to courses, videos, and learning tools on various open data themes.