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The #FeesMustFall protests began in 2014.
Answer: False
Explanation: The movement officially commenced in mid-October 2015, not in 2014.
Protests under the #FeesMustFall banner initially started at the University of Cape Town.
Answer: False
Explanation: The #FeesMustFall protests initially began at the University of the Witwatersrand in October 2015, subsequently spreading to other institutions.
The immediate trigger for the 2015 protests at the University of the Witwatersrand was a proposed 10.5% increase in student fees.
Answer: True
Explanation: The University of the Witwatersrand's announcement of a 10.5% fee increase for the subsequent academic year served as the direct catalyst for the 2015 protests.
The University of the Witwatersrand initially proposed a fee increase of 6.5%.
Answer: False
Explanation: The University of the Witwatersrand initially proposed a fee increase of 10.5%.
The #FeesMustFall movement began in October 2015.
Answer: True
Explanation: The movement officially commenced in mid-October 2015.
The protests were triggered by an announcement of a 10.5% fee increase at the University of the Witwatersrand.
Answer: True
Explanation: The University of the Witwatersrand's announcement of a 10.5% fee increase served as the direct trigger for the 2015 protests.
In which month and year did the #FeesMustFall movement officially begin?
Answer: October 2015
Explanation: The movement officially commenced in mid-October 2015.
Which university was the initial site of the #FeesMustFall protests in October 2015?
Answer: University of the Witwatersrand
Explanation: The protests that ignited the national #FeesMustFall movement in October 2015 commenced at the University of the Witwatersrand.
What specific event triggered the protests at the University of the Witwatersrand in October 2015?
Answer: The announcement of a 10.5% increase in student fees for the upcoming year.
Explanation: The immediate catalyst for the 2015 protests at the University of the Witwatersrand was the institution's proposal of a 10.5% increase in student fees.
Students at the University of Cape Town blocked campus access using rocks and dustbins after the university obtained a court interdict in October 2015.
Answer: True
Explanation: Following the university obtaining a court interdict on October 19, 2015, students at the University of Cape Town blocked vehicle access to the campus using rocks and dustbins.
Students at the University of Pretoria planned to lock down three campuses in October 2015.
Answer: True
Explanation: Students at the University of Pretoria reportedly planned to lock down three of the university's campuses in October 2015.
Following Minister Nzimande's announcement on September 19, 2016, students at the University of the Witwatersrand peacefully dispersed.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following the announcement, students at the University of the Witwatersrand mobilized to shut down their campus and blockaded entrances, leading to confrontations.
During the October 19, 2015 incident at the University of Cape Town, riot police arrested over 25 students while evicting them from the administration building.
Answer: True
Explanation: On October 19, 2015, riot police at the University of Cape Town evicted protesters from the administration building, arresting over 25 students.
The #FeesMustFall movement in London aimed to show solidarity with students protesting in South Africa.
Answer: True
Explanation: A demonstration in London aimed to express solidarity with the students protesting fee increases in South Africa.
The #FeesMustFall movement was largely confined to the University of the Witwatersrand.
Answer: False
Explanation: The movement spread rapidly from the University of the Witwatersrand to numerous other universities across South Africa.
What action did students at the University of Cape Town take on October 19, 2015, after the university obtained a court interdict?
Answer: They blocked vehicle access to campus using rocks and dustbins.
Explanation: Following the university obtaining a court interdict on October 19, 2015, students at the University of Cape Town blocked vehicle access to the campus using rocks and dustbins.
The University of the Witwatersrand cited the strengthening rand and decreased costs of imported resources as a key reason for the proposed fee increase.
Answer: False
Explanation: The university cited the depreciation of the rand and increased costs of imported resources, not the opposite, as reasons for the proposed fee increase.
Following the initial protests in October 2015, the University of the Witwatersrand immediately agreed to a permanent 0% fee increase.
Answer: False
Explanation: The University of the Witwatersrand agreed to suspend and renegotiate the fee increase and forgo disciplinary actions, not to a permanent 0% increase.
The #FeesMustFall movement saw a revival in 2016 after the government announced a complete freeze on all university fees for the next academic year.
Answer: False
Explanation: The movement revived in 2016 due to the Minister of Higher Education announcing potential fee increases capped at 8%, not a complete freeze.
President Jacob Zuma's announcement of no tuition fee increases for 2016 was widely considered a setback for the movement.
Answer: False
Explanation: President Zuma's announcement of no tuition fee increases for 2016 was widely considered a significant victory for the movement.
The Fees Commission recommended a 0% increase in university fees for 2017, deeming it sustainable.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Council on Higher Education recommended an inflation-related increase, deeming a 0% increase unsustainable.
President Zuma addressed the protesters directly outside the Union Buildings on October 23, 2015, before announcing the fee freeze.
Answer: False
Explanation: President Zuma announced the fee freeze from within the Union Buildings and did not address the protesters directly outside.
Minister Blade Nzimande announced that university fee increases for 2017 would be capped at 8% and excluded students from families earning below R600,000 annually from financial aid.
Answer: False
Explanation: Minister Nzimande announced fee increases would be capped at 8% but stated the government was working on financial assistance for students from families earning below R600,000 annually, not excluding them.
The 2015 #FeesMustFall protests concluded after the government announced a 5% increase in tuition fees for 2016.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 2015 protests concluded when the government announced no tuition fee increases for 2016.
The Council on Higher Education recommended a 0% fee increase for South African universities in 2017, citing sustainability concerns.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Council on Higher Education recommended an inflation-related increase, deeming a 0% increase unsustainable.
President Jacob Zuma directly engaged with the protesting students outside the Union Buildings on October 23, 2015.
Answer: False
Explanation: President Zuma announced the fee freeze from within the Union Buildings and did not directly engage with the protesters gathered outside.
The 2015 protests concluded with the government agreeing to a 5% tuition fee increase for 2016.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 2015 protests concluded with the government announcing no tuition fee increases for 2016.
The depreciation of the South African rand was cited as a reason for increased costs related to imported resources like library books.
Answer: True
Explanation: The depreciation of the rand was cited as a factor increasing costs for imported resources, such as library books.
The Fees Commission recommended a 0% fee increase for 2017 as sustainable.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Council on Higher Education recommended an inflation-related increase, deeming a 0% increase unsustainable.
Which of the following was NOT cited as a reason for the proposed fee increase by the University of the Witwatersrand's CFO?
Answer: A decrease in government subsidies for higher education.
Explanation: While the CFO cited factors like rand depreciation, academic salary increases, and inflation, a decrease in government subsidies was not listed as a justification for the proposed fee hike.
What was the immediate result of the protests at the University of the Witwatersrand in October 2015?
Answer: The university agreed to suspend and renegotiate the fee increase and forgo disciplinary actions.
Explanation: Following the protests, the University of the Witwatersrand agreed to suspend the proposed fee increase, initiate renegotiations, and refrain from taking disciplinary action against students and staff involved.
The #FeesMustFall movement revived in August 2016 primarily due to which announcement?
Answer: The Minister of Higher Education announcing potential fee increases capped at 8% for 2017.
Explanation: The movement revived in August 2016 following the Minister of Higher Education's announcement of potential fee increases for 2017, capped at 8%.
What did the Council on Higher Education recommend regarding university fees for 2017?
Answer: An inflation-related increase, deeming a 0% increase unsustainable.
Explanation: The Council on Higher Education recommended an inflation-related adjustment to university fees for 2017, concluding that a complete 0% increase would be financially unsustainable.
What was the outcome of the meeting between President Zuma, vice-chancellors, and student representatives on October 23, 2015?
Answer: President Zuma announced no increase in university fees for 2016, but did not address the crowd directly.
Explanation: President Zuma announced a freeze on university fee increases for 2016, but did not directly address the protesters gathered outside, leading to some dissatisfaction.
Which of the following was cited as a reason for the proposed fee increase by the University of the Witwatersrand's CFO?
Answer: Increased costs for imported resources due to rand depreciation.
Explanation: The Chief Financial Officer cited increased costs for imported resources, exacerbated by the depreciation of the South African rand, as a justification for the proposed fee increase.
How did the #FeesMustFall protests conclude in 2015?
Answer: With the government announcing no tuition fee increases for 2016.
Explanation: The protests of 2015 concluded following the South African government's announcement that tuition fees would not be increased for the 2016 academic year.
The #FeesMustFall movement's primary objective was to abolish all university fees entirely across South Africa.
Answer: False
Explanation: The primary objective of the #FeesMustFall movement was to protest against increases in student fees and advocate for greater government funding for higher education, rather than the complete abolition of all fees.
On September 19, 2016, students at the University of the Witwatersrand demanded 'free decolonized education for all'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The demand articulated on September 19, 2016, was specifically for 'free decolonized education for black people'.
It was claimed that the annual cost of corruption in South Africa was insufficient to fund free education.
Answer: False
Explanation: It was claimed that the annual cost of corruption (R60 billion) could potentially fund the estimated annual cost of free education (R45 billion).
Students at Fort Hare University protested against corruption but did not link their concerns to fee increases.
Answer: False
Explanation: Students at Fort Hare University protested concerns over fee increases and corruption, linking these issues.
What was the primary objective of the #FeesMustFall movement?
Answer: To protest against increases in university student fees and advocate for more government funding for higher education.
Explanation: The movement's core aims were to challenge rising tuition fees and advocate for increased state investment in higher education, addressing issues of access and affordability.
Besides fee increases, what broader socio-economic issue contributed to the background of the #FeesMustFall protests?
Answer: A real decline in government funding for higher education and lack of funding for poorer students.
Explanation: Broader concerns included a perceived real decline in government funding for higher education, inadequate financial support for students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, and pervasive socio-economic and racial inequalities.
During the confrontation on September 19, 2016, at the University of the Witwatersrand, what specific demand did students voice?
Answer: Free decolonized education for black people.
Explanation: Amidst the confrontation on September 19, 2016, at the University of the Witwatersrand, students articulated a demand for 'free decolonized education for black people'.
What specific claim was made regarding the potential funding of free education through anti-corruption measures?
Answer: The R60 billion lost annually to corruption could potentially fund the estimated R45 billion annual cost of free education.
Explanation: A claim posited that the estimated R60 billion lost annually to corruption could potentially cover the approximate R45 billion annual cost required for free higher education.
Which of the following was a stated demand during the violent confrontation at the University of the Witwatersrand on September 19, 2016?
Answer: The immediate implementation of free, decolonized education for black people.
Explanation: During the violent confrontation at the University of the Witwatersrand on September 19, 2016, a key demand articulated by students was the immediate implementation of free, decolonized education for black people.
The estimated cost of property damage caused by the #FeesMustFall protests reached approximately R800 million.
Answer: True
Explanation: Reports indicated that the property damage resulting from the protests reached approximately R800 million by October 2016.
Allegations surfaced that police deliberately targeted student leaders during the 2016 protests to undermine the movement.
Answer: True
Explanation: Students alleged that police deliberately targeted movement leaders with the intent of undermining the protests, including claims of abduction and abuse.
Incidents of student violence during the protests included setting fire to vehicles and vandalizing campus property.
Answer: True
Explanation: Reported incidents of student violence included setting fire to vehicles and vandalizing campus property.
According to reports from October 2015, fewer than 10 students were arrested during the initial protests.
Answer: False
Explanation: Reports from October 2015 indicated around 30 students were arrested during protests, with another report mentioning 23 arrests related to tuition fee hike plans.
The Law Library at the University of KwaZulu-Natal's Howard College was burned down during the 2016 protests.
Answer: True
Explanation: On September 6, 2016, students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal's Howard College campus set fire to the Law Library.
A total of 567 #FeesMustFall protesters were arrested between February and October 2016.
Answer: True
Explanation: A News24 report from October 17, 2016, stated that precisely 567 #FeesMustFall protesters had been arrested since February 2016.
The South African Department of Higher Education and Training calculated the damage caused during the 2015 protests to be over R300 million.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Department of Higher Education and Training calculated the damage caused during the 2015 protests to be R300,302,848.58.
On October 10, 2016, police used rubber bullets and stun grenades to disperse students at the University of Witwatersrand, resulting in injuries and arrests.
Answer: True
Explanation: On October 10, 2016, police dispersed students at the University of Witwatersrand using rubber bullets and stun grenades, leading to injuries and arrests.
What was the estimated cost of property damage attributed to the #FeesMustFall protests by October 2016?
Answer: Approximately R600 million to R800 million
Explanation: By October 2016, estimates for the property damage caused by the #FeesMustFall protests ranged from R600 million to nearly R800 million.
Which of the following methods was reportedly used by police to disperse student protesters?
Answer: Stun grenades, tasers, rubber bullets, and water cannons.
Explanation: Reports indicate that police employed a range of forceful tactics to disperse protesters, including stun grenades, tasers, rubber bullets, and water cannons.
Which of the following was reported as an incident of student violence during the protests?
Answer: Setting fire to vehicles and vandalizing campus property.
Explanation: Incidents of student violence reported during the protests included setting fire to vehicles and vandalizing campus property.
What action did students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal take on September 6, 2016?
Answer: They burned the Law Library at Howard College.
Explanation: On September 6, 2016, students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal's Howard College campus set fire to the Law Library, destroying rare legal texts.
According to a News24 report in October 2016, how many #FeesMustFall protesters had been arrested since February 2016?
Answer: Exactly 567
Explanation: A News24 report from October 17, 2016, stated that precisely 567 #FeesMustFall protesters had been arrested since February 2016.
What was the estimated cost of damages to educational infrastructure during the 2015 #FeesMustFall protests, according to the South African Department of Higher Education and Training?
Answer: R300,302,848.58
Explanation: The South African Department of Higher Education and Training calculated the financial damage to university infrastructure resulting from the 2015 protests to be R300,302,848.58.
A cleaner died during the 2016 protests at the University of the Witwatersrand after a fire extinguisher was discharged.
Answer: True
Explanation: A cleaner at the University of the Witwatersrand died following the discharge of a fire extinguisher during the 2016 protests.
Family members stated that the intense student engagements during the protests negatively impacted Professor Bongani Mayosi's mental health, contributing to his later suicide.
Answer: True
Explanation: Family members reported that the intense nature of student engagements adversely affected Professor Bongani Mayosi's mental health, which they believe contributed to his suicide.
What tragic incident involving a cleaner occurred during the 2016 protests at the University of the Witwatersrand?
Answer: A cleaner died due to an apparent asthma attack after a fire extinguisher discharge.
Explanation: During the 2016 protests at the University of the Witwatersrand, a cleaner tragically passed away following the discharge of a fire extinguisher.
According to family members, what was the impact of the 'vitriolic character of student engagements' on Professor Bongani Mayosi?
Answer: It negatively affected his mental health, contributing to his suicide.
Explanation: Family members of Professor Bongani Mayosi reported that the intense and often hostile nature of student engagements during the protests adversely impacted his mental well-being, contributing to his subsequent suicide.
The #FeesMustFall movement led to a decrease in the South African government's budget for higher education.
Answer: False
Explanation: The movement resulted in an increase in the South African government's higher education budget by R17 billion over three years.
A significant legacy of the #FeesMustFall protests was the establishment of a national bursary scheme guaranteeing free higher education for all students.
Answer: False
Explanation: The legacy was the guarantee of free higher education primarily for students from poor and working-class backgrounds, not for all students.
The #FeesMustFall protests discouraged South African universities from adopting blended learning methods.
Answer: False
Explanation: The protests encouraged universities to increase the use of blended learning to ensure course continuity for students not participating in demonstrations.
A study concluded that the decolonisation focus of the 2016 protests was more successful than the 2015 protests in achieving its aims.
Answer: False
Explanation: A study found the decolonisation focus of the 2016 protests to be less successful in achieving tangible outcomes compared to 2015, though it raised public awareness.
Public support for the #FeesMustFall movement remained consistently high throughout the duration of the protests.
Answer: False
Explanation: Initially, the movement garnered significant public support, but this support reportedly declined as the protests became associated with violence.
The South African government planned to decrease subsidies to universities following the #FeesMustFall protests.
Answer: False
Explanation: The South African government increased subsidies to universities by 10.9% annually following the protests.
The Institute of Race Relations argued that the #FeesMustFall movement enhanced freedom of speech on university campuses.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Institute of Race Relations criticized the movement for promoting intolerance and eroding freedom of speech on campuses.
The #FeesMustFall movement led to the creation of a national bursary scheme for students from middle-class backgrounds.
Answer: False
Explanation: The national bursary scheme established guaranteed free higher education primarily for students from poor and working-class backgrounds.
The Institute of Race Relations criticized the #FeesMustFall movement for promoting intolerance and eroding freedom of speech.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Institute of Race Relations criticized the movement for fostering intolerance and diminishing freedom of speech on university campuses.
The South African government increased its higher education budget by R17 billion over three years in response to the protests.
Answer: True
Explanation: In response to the protests, the South African government allocated an additional R17 billion to the higher education budget over a three-year period.
What was a major positive impact of the #FeesMustFall movement on government funding for higher education?
Answer: An increase in the government's higher education budget by R17 billion over three years.
Explanation: A significant outcome of the movement was the South African government's decision to increase its higher education budget by R17 billion over a three-year period.
The #FeesMustFall protests led to the guarantee of free higher education primarily for which group?
Answer: Students from poor and working-class backgrounds.
Explanation: A key legacy of the protests was the establishment of free higher education, primarily guaranteed for students originating from poor and working-class socioeconomic backgrounds.
How did the #FeesMustFall movement influence the adoption of blended learning in universities?
Answer: It encouraged universities to increase the use of blended learning to ensure course continuity.
Explanation: The disruptions caused by the #FeesMustFall protests prompted South African universities to enhance their adoption of blended learning methodologies to maintain course continuity.
What criticism did the Institute of Race Relations (IRR) direct at the #FeesMustFall movement?
Answer: The movement promoted intolerance and eroded freedom of speech on campuses.
Explanation: The Institute of Race Relations criticized the movement for fostering an environment of intolerance and diminishing freedom of speech within university settings.
A study by the Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation found the decolonisation focus of the 2016 protests to be:
Answer: Less successful than the 2015 protests, but raised public awareness.
Explanation: A study concluded that the decolonisation focus of the 2016 protests was less successful in achieving tangible outcomes compared to 2015, though it significantly raised public awareness on the issue.
What did the South African government do regarding the budget for higher education in response to the protests?
Answer: Increased the budget by R17 billion over three years.
Explanation: In response to the protests, the South African government allocated an additional R17 billion to the higher education budget over a three-year period.
What was the initial public reaction to the #FeesMustFall movement?
Answer: Significant public support, which later declined due to violence.
Explanation: Initially, the #FeesMustFall movement garnered considerable public support. However, this widespread approval began to decline as instances of violence became associated with the protests.