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Felice Beato was an Italian-British photographer known for his pioneering work in East Asia and war photography.
Answer: True
Explanation: Felice Beato is recognized as an Italian-British photographer who was a pioneer in East Asian photography and war photography.
Scholarly research suggests Felice Beato was born in Venice in 1832, contradicting earlier assumptions.
Answer: True
Explanation: While earlier assumptions existed, more recent scholarship, supported by evidence such as a death certificate, suggests Felice Beato was born in Venice in 1832.
The Beato family had origins in Corfu and later moved to Venice during the Republic era.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Beato family was a noble Venetian family, but historical records indicate a branch moved to Corfu, which was under Venetian rule, rather than moving from Corfu to Venice.
Felice Beato had a brother named Antonio who was also a photographer, and they sometimes collaborated under the same signature.
Answer: True
Explanation: Felice Beato had a brother, Antonio, who was also a photographer. They occasionally collaborated, and photographs were sometimes signed with a shared signature, leading to historical confusion.
Felice Beato died in Florence, Italy, on January 29, 1909, according to his death certificate.
Answer: True
Explanation: A death certificate discovered in 2009 confirmed that Felice Beato passed away in Florence, Italy, on January 29, 1909.
Felice Beato was known to have been married twice before settling in Japan.
Answer: False
Explanation: According to his death certificate, Felice Beato was a bachelor, indicating he was unmarried at the time of his death.
Who was Felice Beato?
Answer: An Italian-British photographer recognized as a pioneer of war photography and early East Asian photography.
Explanation: Felice Beato was an Italian-British photographer renowned for his pioneering contributions to war photography and his extensive work documenting East Asia.
What is a key point of confusion regarding Felice Beato's birth details?
Answer: Whether he was born in Venice in 1832 or Corfu around 1833-1834.
Explanation: Conflicting accounts exist regarding Beato's birth, with some sources suggesting Venice in 1832 and others proposing Corfu around 1833-1834.
What discovery revealed that photographs signed 'Felice A. Beato' might not all be from one person?
Answer: Research in 1983 showing there were two brothers, Felice and Antonio Beato, who shared the signature.
Explanation: Research conducted in 1983 indicated the existence of two brothers, Felice and Antonio Beato, who shared the same photographic signature, resolving earlier ambiguities.
What is known about Felice Beato's marital status according to his death certificate?
Answer: He was a bachelor.
Explanation: Felice Beato's death certificate indicates that he was a bachelor at the time of his passing.
Beato's photographic documentation of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and the Second Opium War is considered the first substantial body of photojournalism.
Answer: True
Explanation: Beato's extensive photographic coverage of events like the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and the Second Opium War is widely regarded as the first significant body of photojournalism.
Felice Beato partnered with Roger Fenton to cover the Crimean War after Fenton's departure.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Beato did cover the Crimean War, his work was primarily with James Robertson, taking over reportage after Roger Fenton's departure, rather than partnering with Fenton himself.
Beato and Robertson's photographs of the Crimean War focused on the heroism and grandeur of the conflict.
Answer: False
Explanation: Unlike Roger Fenton's focus on dignified aspects, Beato and Robertson's coverage of the Crimean War, particularly the fall of Sevastopol, depicted the destruction and death resulting from the conflict.
Beato's photographs of the Second Opium War were significant for creating visual narratives of the conflict's progression.
Answer: True
Explanation: Beato's work documenting the Second Opium War was significant for its early use of sequential images to create a visual narrative of a military campaign's unfolding events.
Which significant historical event did Felice Beato photograph, marking it as the first substantial body of photojournalism?
Answer: The Indian Rebellion of 1857 and the Second Opium War
Explanation: Beato's photographic documentation of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and the Second Opium War is considered the first substantial body of photojournalism.
Who was James Robertson, and what was his relationship with Felice Beato?
Answer: A business partner with whom Beato formed the studio ' Robertson & Beato'.
Explanation: James Robertson was a photographer and business associate of Felice Beato. They formed the partnership 'Robertson & Beato,' operating a studio in Constantinople.
How did Beato and Robertson's photographic coverage of the Crimean War differ from Roger Fenton's?
Answer: They depicted the destruction and death resulting from the conflict, unlike Fenton's focus on dignified aspects.
Explanation: Beato and Robertson's coverage of the Crimean War, particularly the fall of Sevastopol, starkly contrasted with Fenton's approach by focusing on the destructive realities of the conflict.
How did Beato's photographs of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 contribute to photographic history?
Answer: They were potentially the first photographic images of corpses.
Explanation: Beato's photographs from the Indian Rebellion of 1857 are significant for potentially being the first photographic images ever taken of corpses, marking a grim milestone.
What was the significance of Beato's work documenting the Second Opium War?
Answer: It was among the first to document a military campaign as it unfolded using sequential images.
Explanation: Beato's documentation of the Second Opium War was groundbreaking for its use of sequential images to visually narrate the progression of a military campaign.
Beato photographed the Anglo-French military expedition during the Second Opium War in China in 1860.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1860, Beato documented the Anglo-French military expedition during the Second Opium War in China, capturing images in locations such as Canton and the Taku Forts.
Beato's photographs of the Taku Forts were among the earliest to document a military campaign's progression through sequential images.
Answer: True
Explanation: Beato's sequential photographs of the Taku Forts provided a narrative of the military campaign, illustrating its progression from approach to devastation, marking an early use of photography for this purpose.
The Summer Palace buildings near Peking were destroyed by British forces under Lord Elgin's orders in 1860.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Summer Palace buildings near Peking were indeed destroyed by British forces, acting under the orders of Lord Elgin, as a reprisal during the Second Opium War in 1860.
Felice Beato established his primary photographic studio in Japan in the city of Yokohama around 1863.
Answer: True
Explanation: By 1863, Felice Beato had established his photographic studio in Yokohama, Japan, which became a significant base for his work in the region.
Beato's photography in Japan shifted focus from celebrating Western power to portraying Japanese people with dignity and resilience.
Answer: True
Explanation: In Japan, Beato's photographic approach evolved, moving beyond merely documenting Western influence to portraying Japanese subjects with dignity and resilience.
Beato was the first photographer in Japan to sell photographs in thematic albums, combining landscapes and portraits.
Answer: True
Explanation: Beato is credited as likely being the first photographer in Japan to sell his work in thematic albums, which combined various subjects like landscapes and portraits.
Beato's studio employed Japanese artists to hand-color his photographs.
Answer: True
Explanation: Beato's studio utilized the skills of Japanese artisans, particularly watercolourists, to hand-color many of his photographs, enhancing their aesthetic appeal.
Beyond photography, Beato invested in the Grand Hotel in Yokohama and dealt in imported carpets.
Answer: True
Explanation: Felice Beato engaged in various business ventures in Japan, including investments in the Grand Hotel of Yokohama and dealing in imported carpets.
In 1877, Felice Beato sold most of his photographic stock to Stillfried & Andersen.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1877, Felice Beato sold the majority of his photographic stock to the firm Stillfried & Andersen, marking a transition in his business dealings in Japan.
The 'Panorama of Yedo from Atagoyama' depicts the residences of daimyō.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'Panorama of Yedo from Atagoyama,' taken in 1865 or 1866, offers a view of Edo (Tokyo) that includes the residences of the daimyō, the feudal lords of Japan.
Charles Wirgman, working for the *Illustrated London News*, sometimes based his illustrations on Beato's photographs.
Answer: True
Explanation: Charles Wirgman, an artist for the *Illustrated London News*, frequently based his illustrations on Beato's photographs, particularly during their collaboration in Japan.
During which conflict did Beato photograph the Taku Forts and the Summer Palace near Peking?
Answer: The Second Opium War
Explanation: Beato photographed the Taku Forts and the Summer Palace near Peking in 1860 during the Second Opium War.
What historical event led to the destruction of the Summer Palace buildings that Beato photographed in 1860?
Answer: British forces torched the buildings as a reprisal against the emperor.
Explanation: The Summer Palace buildings were destroyed by British forces under Lord Elgin's orders in 1860 as a reprisal against the emperor.
In which Japanese city did Felice Beato establish his photographic studio around 1863?
Answer: Yokohama
Explanation: Felice Beato established his primary photographic studio in Yokohama, Japan, around 1863.
How did Beato's photographic approach in Japan generally differ from his earlier work in India and China?
Answer: He portrayed Japanese people with dignity and resilience, rather than solely celebrating Western power.
Explanation: In Japan, Beato's work shifted towards portraying Japanese people with dignity and resilience, a departure from his earlier focus on documenting Western power and conflict.
What innovative business practice did Beato introduce in Japan concerning his photographs?
Answer: Being the first to sell photographs in thematic albums.
Explanation: Beato is recognized for likely being the first photographer in Japan to sell his work in thematic albums, combining various subjects for sale.
How did Beato utilize the skills of Japanese artisans in his photographic business?
Answer: They hand-coloured many of his photographs, adding delicate colours.
Explanation: Japanese artisans, skilled in watercolour and printmaking, were employed by Beato's studio to hand-color his photographs, adding delicate and naturalistic hues.
Which of the following was NOT among Felice Beato's business ventures in Japan?
Answer: Establishing a chain of Japanese tea houses.
Explanation: While Beato was involved in property, photography, and the Grand Hotel, there is no record of him establishing a chain of Japanese tea houses.
To whom did Felice Beato sell most of his photographic stock in Japan in 1877?
Answer: Stillfried & Andersen
Explanation: In 1877, Felice Beato sold the majority of his photographic stock to the firm Stillfried & Andersen.
What does the 'Panorama of Yedo from Atagoyama' depict?
Answer: The residences of daimyō (feudal lords) in late Edo period Japan.
Explanation: The 'Panorama of Yedo from Atagoyama' offers a view of Edo (Tokyo) that includes the residences of the daimyō, the feudal lords of Japan during the late Edo period.
What role did Charles Wirgman play in relation to Beato's work in Japan?
Answer: He collaborated with Beato in photography and his illustrations were often based on Beato's work.
Explanation: Charles Wirgman, an artist for the *Illustrated London News*, collaborated with Beato in Japan, often basing his illustrations on Beato's photographs.
Which expedition did Felice Beato photograph in 1871?
Answer: The United States naval expedition to Korea.
Explanation: In 1871, Felice Beato served as the official photographer for the United States naval expedition to Korea.
During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Beato is suspected of staging photographs by rearranging corpses for greater dramatic impact.
Answer: True
Explanation: While documenting the aftermath of the Indian Rebellion in Lucknow, Beato is believed to have rearranged skeletal remains of rebels to enhance the dramatic effect of his photographs.
Felice Beato primarily used the daguerreotype process for his photographic prints.
Answer: False
Explanation: Felice Beato predominantly utilized the albumen silver print process from wet collodion glass-plate negatives, not the earlier daguerreotype process.
Beato created panoramas by digitally stitching together multiple high-resolution photographs.
Answer: False
Explanation: Beato pioneered panoramas by physically joining multiple contiguous prints made from separate exposures, not through digital stitching.
Beato's panorama of Pehtang was a relatively small composition, consisting of only two joined photographs.
Answer: False
Explanation: Beato's panorama of Pehtang was exceptionally large, comprising seven joined photographs and measuring over 2 meters in length.
What controversial action is Felice Beato believed to have taken while documenting the Indian Rebellion of 1857 in Lucknow?
Answer: He may have rearranged the skeletal remains of Indian rebels to enhance dramatic impact.
Explanation: While photographing the ruins of Sikandar Bagh in Lucknow after the Indian Rebellion, Beato is suspected of having rearranged the remains of rebels for greater photographic effect.
What photographic process did Felice Beato predominantly use?
Answer: Albumen silver prints from wet collodion glass-plate negatives
Explanation: Felice Beato primarily employed the albumen silver print process, utilizing wet collodion glass-plate negatives for his photographic work.
How did Beato pioneer or refine the technique of creating panoramas?
Answer: By taking multiple contiguous exposures and joining the resulting prints.
Explanation: Beato was a pioneer in panoramic photography, creating expansive views by taking multiple contiguous exposures and physically joining the resulting prints.
What was the approximate length of Beato's large panorama of Pehtang?
Answer: Over 2 meters (approximately 6.6 feet)
Explanation: Beato's panorama of Pehtang was an extensive composition, measuring over 2 meters (approximately 6.6 feet) in length.
What kind of sensational or macabre subject matter did Beato sometimes photograph?
Answer: Photographs of heads on display after decapitations.
Explanation: Beato occasionally sought out sensational and macabre subjects, including photographs of executed individuals' heads on display.
Beato was the official photographer for the Nile Expedition led by Baron G.J. Wolseley in 1884-1885.
Answer: True
Explanation: After leaving Japan, Beato served as the official photographer for the Nile Expedition in 1884-1885, documenting the British troop withdrawal from Suakin.
Upon arriving in Burma in late 1886, Beato focused his photography on the ongoing insurgency following the British annexation.
Answer: True
Explanation: Following his arrival in Burma in late 1886, Beato documented the insurgency that arose after the British annexation of Upper Burma, capturing images of military operations and local figures.
Beato's images of Burma became the standard visual representation for the Western world by the late 1890s.
Answer: True
Explanation: By the late 1890s, Beato's photographs of Burma had become the definitive visual representation, significantly shaping Western perceptions of the country.
Beato's extensive photographic work in Asia had minimal impact on Western perceptions of these societies.
Answer: False
Explanation: Beato's extensive photographic work in Asia had a profound impact, serving as standard imagery that significantly shaped Western perceptions of these societies for decades.
Beato's business dealings in Port Said, Egypt, were marked by significant success in real estate speculation.
Answer: False
Explanation: Reports suggest that Beato experienced financial difficulties in Port Said, Egypt, having reportedly lost money speculating on the Yokohama silver exchange.
After leaving Japan in 1884, Beato became the official photographer for which expedition?
Answer: The Nile Expedition led by Baron G.J. Wolseley
Explanation: Following his departure from Japan in 1884, Beato served as the official photographer for the Nile Expedition led by Baron G.J. Wolseley.
What did Felice Beato document in Burma starting in late 1886?
Answer: The ongoing insurgency following the British annexation of Upper Burma.
Explanation: Upon arriving in Burma in late 1886, Beato documented the insurgency that ensued after the British annexation of Upper Burma.
How did Beato's photographs influence Western perceptions of Asian societies?
Answer: They served as standard imagery, significantly shaping Western notions for decades.
Explanation: Beato's photographs became standard visual references, profoundly influencing Western understanding and perceptions of Asian societies for many decades.
What happened to Beato's business dealings in Port Said, Egypt, after he left Japan?
Answer: He reportedly lost all his money speculating on the Yokohama silver exchange.
Explanation: Upon arriving in Port Said, Egypt, after leaving Japan, Beato had reportedly lost all his capital due to speculation on the Yokohama silver exchange.
What was the nature of Beato's successful business in Mandalay, Burma, starting in 1894?
Answer: A curiosa and antiques dealership.
Explanation: Starting in 1894, Beato operated a highly successful business in Mandalay, Burma, dealing in curiosities and antiques.