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The Battle of Borodino took place after the French occupied Moscow.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Battle of Borodino occurred on September 7, 1812, before the French army occupied Moscow on September 14, 1812.
The Russian army abandoned Moscow without a fight on September 13, 1812.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Russian military council decided to abandon Moscow without a fight on September 13, 1812, and the army marched through the city the next day.
The Russian army began its retreat eastward from Borodino on September 7, 1812.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Russian army began its retreat westward from Borodino on September 8, 1812.
The Russian military utilized a scorched earth strategy, burning Moscow's resources before the French entry.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Russian military employed a scorched earth strategy, which included burning Moscow's resources, to deny them to the advancing French army.
Which battle preceded the French army's occupation of Moscow in 1812?
Answer: Battle of Borodino
Explanation: The Battle of Borodino, fought on September 7, 1812, preceded the French army's occupation of Moscow.
The Fire of Moscow occurred between September 14 and September 18, 1812.
Answer: True
Explanation: The fire raged from September 14 to September 18, 1812, during the French occupation of Moscow.
Approximately 70% of Moscow's residential buildings were destroyed in the fire.
Answer: True
Explanation: Historical accounts indicate that approximately 71% of Moscow's residential buildings were destroyed by the fire.
Moscow's fire brigade was fully equipped and operational during the fire.
Answer: False
Explanation: Moscow's fire brigade was rendered ineffective as its equipment had been removed or destroyed on Count Rostopchin's orders prior to the fire.
The rapid spread of the fire was primarily due to Moscow's stone architecture.
Answer: False
Explanation: The rapid spread of the fire was primarily due to Moscow's predominantly wooden construction, not its stone architecture.
The conflagration of Moscow was visible from a distance of over 200 kilometers.
Answer: True
Explanation: The intensity of the Fire of Moscow was such that it was reportedly visible from a distance of up to 215 kilometers.
Napoleon arrived within the Kremlin on September 14, 1812, the same day he arrived at Poklonnaya Hill.
Answer: False
Explanation: Napoleon arrived at Poklonnaya Hill on September 14, 1812, but did not enter the Kremlin until September 15, 1812.
The fire significantly subsided by September 27, 1812.
Answer: False
Explanation: The fire had largely subsided by September 18, 1812, allowing Napoleon to return to the Kremlin.
What was the primary period during which the Fire of Moscow raged in 1812?
Answer: September 14 to September 18
Explanation: The primary period of the Fire of Moscow was from September 14 to September 18, 1812.
What percentage of Moscow's residential buildings were destroyed by the fire?
Answer: Approximately 71%
Explanation: Approximately 71% of Moscow's residential buildings were destroyed by the fire.
What characteristic of Moscow's buildings significantly contributed to the rapid spread of the fire?
Answer: Their construction primarily of wood
Explanation: The predominantly wooden construction of Moscow's buildings significantly contributed to the rapid spread of the fire.
What was the condition of Moscow's fire-fighting capabilities before the fire?
Answer: Significantly hampered as equipment was removed or destroyed on orders
Explanation: Moscow's fire-fighting capabilities were severely hampered because its equipment had been removed or destroyed on orders from Count Rostopchin.
Which of the following was NOT a date associated with key events during the Fire of Moscow period?
Answer: October 1, 1812 (French evacuation)
Explanation: October 1, 1812, is not directly associated with the main period of the fire (Sept 14-18) or the subsequent French evacuation (Oct 19).
How far away could the burning of Moscow be seen?
Answer: Up to 215 kilometers
Explanation: The burning of Moscow could reportedly be seen from a distance of up to 215 kilometers.
What was the approximate number of stone structures in Moscow before the fire?
Answer: Around 4,000
Explanation: Before the fire, Moscow contained approximately 4,000 stone structures.
What was the approximate number of wooden houses in Moscow before the fire?
Answer: Around 8,000
Explanation: Before the fire, Moscow contained approximately 8,000 wooden houses.
Count Fyodor Rostopchin was the Russian commander responsible for the army's retreat.
Answer: False
Explanation: Count Fyodor Rostopchin was the military governor of Moscow and was responsible for organizing the city's destruction, not the army's retreat. General Mikhail Kutuzov commanded the Russian army.
Germaine de Staël suggested that Rostopchin ordered his own mansions to be burned.
Answer: True
Explanation: Germaine de Staël suggested that Rostopchin ordered his own mansions to be burned to prevent French soldiers from lodging in them.
Who is identified as the Moscow military governor often held responsible for organizing the city's destruction to hinder Napoleon?
Answer: Count Fyodor Rostopchin
Explanation: Count Fyodor Rostopchin, the Moscow military governor, is identified as the figure responsible for organizing the city's destruction.
What action did Napoleon take regarding a Moscow police officer caught attempting to set the Kremlin ablaze?
Answer: He ordered the officer to be bayonetted to death.
Explanation: Napoleon ordered the immediate bayonetting of a Moscow police officer caught attempting to set the Kremlin ablaze.
Napoleon viewed the fire as a sign of Russian barbarism and weakness.
Answer: False
Explanation: Napoleon was disturbed and intimidated by the fire, viewing it as a sign of Russian resolve and barbarism, not weakness.
Napoleon ordered church silver found in Moscow to be distributed among his soldiers.
Answer: False
Explanation: Napoleon ordered that church silver found in Moscow be systematically searched for and added to his war chest, not distributed among soldiers.
General Marcellin Marbot believed the fire was the primary reason for the failure of Napoleon's campaign.
Answer: False
Explanation: General Marcellin Marbot argued that the fire was not the principal cause of the campaign's failure, noting that sufficient accommodation remained for the French army.
Napoleon was forced to retreat north after being stopped at Maloyaroslavets on October 24, 1812.
Answer: True
Explanation: After being halted at Maloyaroslavets on October 24, 1812, Napoleon was compelled to retreat north.
The French army evacuated Moscow on September 19, 1812, after staying for 36 days.
Answer: False
Explanation: The French army evacuated Moscow on October 19, 1812, after occupying it for 36 days.
The Battle of Winkovo, where Murat's cavalry was attacked, occurred on October 18, 1812.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Battle of Winkovo, an engagement where Murat's cavalry was attacked, took place on October 18, 1812.
Napoleon's reaction to the Fire of Moscow was one of indifference.
Answer: False
Explanation: Napoleon was deeply disturbed and intimidated by the fire, viewing it as a sign of Russian resolve, not indifference.
The French army evacuated Moscow after staying for approximately 20 days.
Answer: False
Explanation: The French army stayed in Moscow for 36 days before evacuating on October 19, 1812.
How did Napoleon react to the Fire of Moscow?
Answer: He was disturbed and intimidated, viewing it as a sign of Russian resolve.
Explanation: Napoleon was disturbed and intimidated by the fire, viewing it as a sign of Russian resolve.
What did General Marcellin Marbot argue regarding the fire's impact on Napoleon's campaign?
Answer: The fire had minimal impact as enough accommodation remained.
Explanation: General Marcellin Marbot argued that the fire's impact on the campaign's failure was minimal, as sufficient accommodation remained for the French army.
What was the estimated number of civilians remaining in Moscow when the French troops entered?
Answer: Between 6,200 and 10,000
Explanation: An estimated 6,200 to 10,000 civilians remained in Moscow when the French troops entered.
What did Napoleon order concerning church silver found in Moscow?
Answer: It should be systematically searched for and added to the war chest.
Explanation: Napoleon ordered that church silver found in Moscow be systematically searched for and added to the war chest.
What strategic maneuver did Kutuzov execute on September 19, 1812, which resulted in Murat losing sight of the Russian army?
Answer: Moved west towards Tarutino
Explanation: On September 19, 1812, Kutuzov moved his army west towards Tarutino, causing Murat to lose sight of the Russian army.
What was the fate of Napoleon's intended route after leaving Moscow when he was stopped at Maloyaroslavets?
Answer: He was forced to retreat north.
Explanation: After being stopped at Maloyaroslavets, Napoleon's intended route was abandoned, and he was forced to retreat north.
What contrasting claim is made about Napoleon's actions towards Moscow's remaining population?
Answer: He ensured sufficient food supplies were delivered to feed them.
Explanation: A contrasting claim suggests Napoleon ensured sufficient food supplies were delivered to feed Moscow's remaining population.
What did Napoleon's message to the Tsar on September 20, 1812, propose?
Answer: Peace terms
Explanation: Napoleon's message to the Tsar on September 20, 1812, proposed peace terms.
What was the estimated number of sick or wounded Russian soldiers left in Moscow when the French arrived?
Answer: 10,000 - 15,000
Explanation: An estimated 10,000 to 15,000 sick or wounded Russian soldiers were left in Moscow when the French arrived.
The painting 'Fire of Moscow' by Alexander Smirnov was created in 1812 during the fire itself.
Answer: False
Explanation: The painting 'Fire of Moscow' by Alexander Smirnov was created in 1813, the year after the event it depicts.
Leo Tolstoy, in 'War and Peace,' argued that the fire was entirely the fault of Count Rostopchin.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 'War and Peace,' Leo Tolstoy suggested the fire was a natural consequence of a deserted, wooden city, rather than solely Rostopchin's fault.
The French actress Louise Fusil claimed the fire originated on Petrovka Street.
Answer: True
Explanation: In her memoirs, the French actress Louise Fusil stated that the fire originated on Petrovka Street.
The Soviet film adaptation of 'War and Peace' depicting the fire was released in the 1940s.
Answer: False
Explanation: The acclaimed Soviet film adaptation of 'War and Peace' that depicted the fire was released between 1965 and 1967, not in the 1940s.
Tolstoy's 'War and Peace' suggests the fire was a result of cooking and smoking in deserted buildings.
Answer: True
Explanation: Leo Tolstoy's 'War and Peace' posits that the fire could have resulted from everyday activities like cooking and smoking in deserted buildings, exacerbated by the lack of firefighting.
What did Leo Tolstoy suggest in 'War and Peace' about the origin of the Moscow fires?
Answer: They were a natural consequence of leaving a wooden city deserted.
Explanation: Leo Tolstoy suggested in 'War and Peace' that the fires were a natural consequence of a deserted, wooden city, rather than a deliberate act.
Which of the following is a known film that depicted the Fire of Moscow?
Answer: Napoleon (2023)
Explanation: The Fire of Moscow has been depicted in films such as 'Napoleon' (2023).
The 1817 map of Moscow marked the areas destroyed by fire in blue.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 1817 map of Moscow indicated the areas destroyed by the fire by marking them in red, not blue.
The reconstruction of Moscow after the fire was completed within five years.
Answer: False
Explanation: The reconstruction of Moscow after the fire was a gradual process that extended over a decade, not completed within five years.
The Vasily Pushkin house, rebuilt after the fire, is cited as an example of advanced stone architecture.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Vasily Pushkin house, rebuilt after the fire, is cited as an example of typical wooden architecture from the period, not advanced stone architecture.
The 1817 map of Moscow indicated the areas destroyed by the fire by marking them in which color?
Answer: Red
Explanation: The 1817 map of Moscow marked the areas destroyed by the fire in red.
Who managed the reconstruction of Moscow after the fire?
Answer: Military governors Alexander Tormasov and Dmitry Golitsyn
Explanation: The reconstruction of Moscow after the fire was managed by military governors Alexander Tormasov and Dmitry Golitsyn.