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Gammage Memorial Auditorium Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge

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Study Guide: ASU Gammage: Architecture, History, and Significance

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ASU Gammage: Architecture, History, and Significance Study Guide

Architectural Vision and Design Principles

Frank Lloyd Wright designed ASU Gammage as one of his final major public commissions.

Answer: True

Explanation: ASU Gammage represents one of Frank Lloyd Wright's last significant public architectural projects, completed posthumously.

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Frank Lloyd Wright based the ASU Gammage design on a concept originally intended for a project in Egypt.

Answer: False

Explanation: The design for ASU Gammage was adapted from a concept Frank Lloyd Wright had previously developed for a circular opera house in Baghdad, Iraq, not for a project in Egypt.

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ASU Gammage's exterior features a distinctive square roof.

Answer: False

Explanation: The roof of ASU Gammage is notably circular, not square, a design element supported by fifty concrete columns.

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The architectural style most associated with ASU Gammage is Art Deco.

Answer: False

Explanation: ASU Gammage is predominantly associated with the Usonian architectural style, a distinct design philosophy developed by Frank Lloyd Wright, rather than Art Deco.

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Frank Lloyd Wright's Usonian architectural style is characterized by an emphasis on large, ornate structures.

Answer: False

Explanation: Frank Lloyd Wright's Usonian architectural style is fundamentally characterized by its integration with nature, open floor plans, and functional simplicity, rather than large, ornate structures.

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The roof of ASU Gammage is supported by fifty concrete columns.

Answer: True

Explanation: The distinctive circular roof of ASU Gammage is structurally supported by fifty robust concrete columns.

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ASU Gammage's design was derived from a concept intended for a royal palace in Baghdad.

Answer: False

Explanation: Frank Lloyd Wright's design for ASU Gammage was based on a concept originally conceived for a circular opera house in Baghdad, Iraq, not a royal palace.

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The twin pedestrian ramps extend 200 feet from the north and east sides.

Answer: True

Explanation: The twin pedestrian ramps, architecturally described as resembling flying buttresses, extend 200 feet from the north and east sides of the structure, integrating it with the surrounding landscape.

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Which renowned architect designed ASU Gammage?

Answer: Frank Lloyd Wright

Explanation: The iconic design of ASU Gammage is attributed to the celebrated American architect Frank Lloyd Wright.

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Frank Lloyd Wright's design for ASU Gammage was based on a concept originally intended for which city?

Answer: Baghdad

Explanation: The design for ASU Gammage was adapted from a concept Frank Lloyd Wright had previously developed for a circular opera house in Baghdad, Iraq.

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Which architectural style is ASU Gammage most closely associated with?

Answer: Usonian

Explanation: ASU Gammage is predominantly associated with the Usonian architectural style, a distinct design philosophy developed by Frank Lloyd Wright.

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What feature of the ASU Gammage exterior is described as resembling flying buttresses?

Answer: The twin pedestrian ramps.

Explanation: The twin pedestrian ramps, architecturally described as resembling flying buttresses, extend 200 feet from the north and east sides of the structure, integrating it with the surrounding landscape.

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The design of ASU Gammage was based on a concept originally intended for which type of building in Baghdad?

Answer: A circular opera house

Explanation: Frank Lloyd Wright's design for ASU Gammage was adapted from a concept originally conceived for a circular opera house in Baghdad, Iraq.

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How many concrete columns support the distinctive round roof of ASU Gammage?

Answer: 50

Explanation: The distinctive circular roof of ASU Gammage is structurally supported by fifty robust concrete columns.

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What is the length of the twin pedestrian ramps extending from ASU Gammage?

Answer: 200 feet

Explanation: The twin pedestrian ramps, architecturally described as resembling flying buttresses, extend 200 feet from the north and east sides of the structure, integrating it with the surrounding landscape.

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The source mentions 'cantilevered balconies' as a feature. What does this architectural term imply?

Answer: Balconies that extend outward without visible support.

Explanation: The mention of 'cantilevered balconies' refers to architectural elements that extend outward from the building without external vertical support. Such structures are characteristic of modern architectural design, enabling open spaces and unique aesthetic effects.

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Construction History and Key Personnel

Construction for ASU Gammage commenced in the late 1950s.

Answer: False

Explanation: Construction for ASU Gammage actually began in 1962, not the late 1950s, with its completion in 1964.

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ASU Gammage officially opened its doors in 1964.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Grady Gammage Memorial Auditorium officially commenced operations in 1964, marking the culmination of its construction period.

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William Wesley Peters completed the construction of ASU Gammage after Frank Lloyd Wright's death.

Answer: True

Explanation: Following the deaths of both Frank Lloyd Wright and Grady Gammage in 1959, William Wesley Peters, Wright's protégé, assumed responsibility for overseeing the completion of the auditorium's construction.

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The Robert E. McKee Company was the architectural firm responsible for the final blueprints of ASU Gammage.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Robert E. McKee Company served as the general contractor for the construction of ASU Gammage; they were not the architectural firm responsible for the blueprints.

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William Wesley Peters served as the original architect responsible for the design of ASU Gammage.

Answer: False

Explanation: While William Wesley Peters was instrumental in overseeing the completion of ASU Gammage following the deaths of Frank Lloyd Wright and Grady Gammage, Frank Lloyd Wright was the original architect who conceived the design.

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When was the construction of ASU Gammage completed?

Answer: 1964

Explanation: Construction for ASU Gammage commenced in 1962 and was finalized in 1964, leading to its official opening.

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Who took over the responsibility of completing ASU Gammage after the deaths of Wright and Gammage?

Answer: William Wesley Peters

Explanation: Following the deaths of both Frank Lloyd Wright and Grady Gammage in 1959, William Wesley Peters, Wright's protégé, assumed responsibility for overseeing the completion of the auditorium's construction.

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What company served as the general contractor for the construction of ASU Gammage?

Answer: The Robert E. McKee Company

Explanation: The construction of ASU Gammage was managed by the Robert E. McKee Company, serving as the general contractor.

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Structural Features and Technical Specifications

The seating capacity of ASU Gammage exceeds 4,000 people.

Answer: False

Explanation: ASU Gammage has a seating capacity of 3,017 individuals, which is below the threshold of 4,000.

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The stage at ASU Gammage is primarily designed for intimate acoustic concerts.

Answer: False

Explanation: ASU Gammage features a proscenium stage designed for a wide range of performances, including large-scale productions like musicals and concerts, rather than being exclusively suited for intimate acoustic performances.

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The stage at ASU Gammage has a playing space of approximately 64 feet by 40 feet.

Answer: True

Explanation: The playing area of the stage at ASU Gammage measures approximately 64 feet in width and 40 feet in depth, accommodating diverse stage setups.

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ASU Gammage has nine dressing rooms with a total capacity for approximately 30 individuals.

Answer: False

Explanation: While ASU Gammage does possess nine dressing rooms, their collective capacity is designed to accommodate up to 54 individuals, not 30.

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The orchestra pit at ASU Gammage is configured to accommodate up to 90 music stands.

Answer: False

Explanation: The orchestra pit at ASU Gammage is designed to accommodate approximately 85 musicians and their music stands, rather than 90.

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The building's electrical system provides a total of 2700 amps across its panels.

Answer: True

Explanation: The electrical infrastructure of ASU Gammage includes nine panels that collectively supply a total capacity of 2700 amps.

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The stage configuration at ASU Gammage is characterized as a thrust stage.

Answer: False

Explanation: ASU Gammage features a proscenium stage, which is defined by a framed opening separating the audience from the performance area, rather than a thrust stage.

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The stage floor at ASU Gammage is constructed from oak.

Answer: False

Explanation: The stage floor at ASU Gammage is meticulously crafted from Canadian hard rock maple, a material chosen for its durability and performance characteristics, not oak.

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There are twelve dressing rooms available backstage at ASU Gammage.

Answer: False

Explanation: ASU Gammage provides nine dressing rooms for performers, not twelve.

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A hydraulic orchestra pit is a permanent installation on the deck.

Answer: True

Explanation: The stage deck at ASU Gammage includes permanent installations such as a hydraulic orchestra pit, along with traps, an orchestra shell, and pianos.

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The stage has a total of 98 rigging lines.

Answer: True

Explanation: The stage rigging system at ASU Gammage is comprehensive, featuring a total of 98 lines, comprising both double purchase and hydraulic lines.

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The venue's infrared system is capable of assisting up to 150 hearing-impaired individuals.

Answer: False

Explanation: The infrared assistive listening system at ASU Gammage is designed to support approximately 100 hearing-impaired individuals, not 150.

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The proscenium opening of the stage measures 64 feet wide by 30 feet high.

Answer: True

Explanation: The proscenium opening, framing the stage at ASU Gammage, measures precisely 64 feet in width and 30 feet in height.

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What is the approximate seating capacity of ASU Gammage?

Answer: 3,017

Explanation: ASU Gammage provides seating for 3,017 individuals, distributed across its main floor, grand tier, and balcony sections.

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What is the width of the proscenium opening on the ASU Gammage stage?

Answer: 64 feet

Explanation: The proscenium opening, framing the stage at ASU Gammage, measures precisely 64 feet in width and 30 feet in height.

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How many dressing rooms are available backstage at ASU Gammage?

Answer: 9

Explanation: ASU Gammage provides nine dressing rooms for performers, not twelve.

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What is the maximum number of musicians the orchestra pit can accommodate?

Answer: 85

Explanation: The orchestra pit at ASU Gammage is designed to accommodate approximately 85 musicians and their music stands, rather than 90.

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What is the total amperage provided by the electrical panels in ASU Gammage?

Answer: 2700 amps

Explanation: The electrical infrastructure of ASU Gammage includes nine panels that collectively supply a total capacity of 2700 amps.

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What material is the stage floor constructed from?

Answer: Canadian hard rock maple

Explanation: The stage floor at ASU Gammage is meticulously crafted from Canadian hard rock maple, a premium hardwood selected for its resilience and acoustic properties suitable for performance stages.

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What is the total number of rigging lines available on the ASU Gammage stage?

Answer: 98

Explanation: The stage rigging system at ASU Gammage is comprehensive, featuring a total of 98 lines, comprising both double purchase and hydraulic lines.

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Which of the following is listed as a permanent installation on the deck of the ASU Gammage stage?

Answer: A hydraulic orchestra pit

Explanation: The stage deck at ASU Gammage includes permanent installations such as a hydraulic orchestra pit, along with traps, an orchestra shell, and pianos.

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How many lighting fixtures called '8x13s' are included in the lighting system?

Answer: 32

Explanation: The lighting system at ASU Gammage includes 32 fixtures specifically identified as '8x13s'.

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What is the width and height of the loading dock door at ASU Gammage?

Answer: 10 ft wide by 11.5 ft high

Explanation: The loading dock door at ASU Gammage measures 10 feet in width and 11.5 feet in height, facilitating the movement of equipment and materials.

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Historical Context, Location, and Recognition

ASU Gammage is situated on the campus of Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Grady Gammage Memorial Auditorium, commonly known as ASU Gammage, is indeed located on the main campus of Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona.

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ASU Gammage ranks among the largest performing arts venues associated with a university worldwide.

Answer: True

Explanation: Contrary to the assertion of being small, ASU Gammage is recognized as one of the most substantial performing arts facilities affiliated with a university on a global scale.

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ASU Gammage was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Answer: True

Explanation: The architectural and historical significance of ASU Gammage was formally recognized when it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

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The need for a new auditorium at ASU arose primarily due to outdated acoustics in the existing facility.

Answer: False

Explanation: The impetus for constructing a new auditorium stemmed from a structural failure; specifically, a roof collapse in 1956 rendered the existing combination auditorium and gymnasium unusable, rather than issues with acoustics.

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The NRHP reference number for ASU Gammage is 85002170.

Answer: True

Explanation: The official reference number for ASU Gammage on the National Register of Historic Places is indeed 85002170, serving as its unique identifier.

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ASU Gammage was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 11, 1985.

Answer: True

Explanation: ASU Gammage was officially listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 11, 1985, acknowledging its historical and architectural importance.

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The official website for ASU Gammage is designated as www.asugammage.org.

Answer: False

Explanation: The authoritative online presence for ASU Gammage is maintained at www.asugammage.com, not www.asugammage.org.

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ASU Gammage is under the ownership of the City of Tempe.

Answer: False

Explanation: ASU Gammage is an asset of Arizona State University, not the municipality of Tempe.

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The site selected for ASU Gammage was previously occupied by university administrative offices.

Answer: False

Explanation: Prior to the construction of ASU Gammage, the site was utilized as an athletic field and had previously housed on-campus G.I. housing units, not administrative offices.

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The NRHP reference number helps verify the building's listing on the national register.

Answer: True

Explanation: The NRHP reference number serves as a unique identifier confirming the building's official recognition and listing within the national register maintained by the National Park Service, signifying its historical and architectural importance.

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The 'External links' section provides access to the venue's official website and photo galleries.

Answer: True

Explanation: The 'External links' section typically furnishes direct hyperlinks to the official ASU Gammage website, associated photo galleries, and other pertinent online resources for in-depth exploration of the venue.

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Listing on the National Register of Historic Places acknowledges the building's national cultural value.

Answer: True

Explanation: Inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places signifies that a property is recognized for its historical and architectural significance at a national level, thereby acknowledging its cultural value.

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ASU Gammage is located at 1200 South Forest Avenue.

Answer: True

Explanation: The physical address of ASU Gammage is indeed 1200 South Forest Avenue in Tempe, Arizona.

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What event led to the need for a new auditorium at ASU, as mentioned in the source?

Answer: The roof collapse of the existing auditorium/gymnasium.

Explanation: The impetus for constructing a new auditorium stemmed from a structural failure; specifically, a roof collapse in 1956 rendered the existing combination auditorium and gymnasium unusable.

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ASU Gammage was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in which year?

Answer: 1985

Explanation: ASU Gammage was officially listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 11, 1985, acknowledging its historical and architectural importance.

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What is the NRHP reference number for ASU Gammage?

Answer: 85002170

Explanation: The official reference number for ASU Gammage on the National Register of Historic Places is indeed 85002170, serving as its unique identifier.

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What is the physical address of ASU Gammage?

Answer: 1200 South Forest Avenue, Tempe, Arizona

Explanation: The physical address of ASU Gammage is 1200 South Forest Avenue in Tempe, Arizona, United States.

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Cultural Significance and Notable Events

Senator Barry Goldwater's funeral was held at ASU Gammage.

Answer: True

Explanation: The funeral service for Senator Barry Goldwater, the 1964 Republican presidential nominee, was conducted at the auditorium on June 3, 1998.

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ASU Gammage hosted a presidential debate between George W. Bush and John Kerry in 2004.

Answer: True

Explanation: ASU Gammage served as the venue for the third and final U.S. Presidential debate between candidates George W. Bush and John Kerry during the 2004 election cycle, held on October 13, 2004.

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The 'Broadway Across America' listing indicates ASU Gammage hosts touring musical productions.

Answer: True

Explanation: The 'Broadway Across America' tenant listing signifies that ASU Gammage functions as a key venue for touring Broadway productions, presenting major theatrical performances to the university community and the broader region.

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What is the primary function of ASU Gammage?

Answer: A multipurpose performing arts center.

Explanation: ASU Gammage functions primarily as a comprehensive multipurpose performing arts center, hosting a wide array of cultural and artistic events.

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Which orchestra performed during the official opening of ASU Gammage?

Answer: The Philadelphia Orchestra

Explanation: The auditorium officially commenced operations on September 18, 1964, inaugurated by a performance from The Philadelphia Orchestra, under the direction of Eugene Ormandy.

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In what year did ASU Gammage host a U.S. Presidential debate?

Answer: 2004

Explanation: ASU Gammage served as the venue for the third and final U.S. Presidential debate between candidates George W. Bush and John Kerry during the 2004 election cycle.

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The funeral of which notable figure was held at ASU Gammage?

Answer: Barry Goldwater

Explanation: The funeral service for Senator Barry Goldwater, the 1964 Republican presidential nominee, was conducted at the auditorium on June 3, 1998.

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What does the 'Broadway Across America' tenant listing signify for ASU Gammage?

Answer: It serves as a venue for touring Broadway shows.

Explanation: The 'Broadway Across America' tenant listing signifies that ASU Gammage functions as a key venue for touring Broadway productions, presenting major theatrical performances to the university community and the broader region.

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Which of the following is NOT listed as a type of performance accommodated by the ASU Gammage stage?

Answer: Ballet

Explanation: The stage at ASU Gammage is noted for accommodating opera, musicals, concerts, and lectures. Ballet is not explicitly mentioned as a primary performance type in the provided context.

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