Explanation: The province of Gipuzkoa is situated in the easternmost part of the Cantabric Sea, bordering the Bay of Biscay, and is located in the northernmost region of Spain, not the southernmost. It shares borders with France, Navarre, Biscay, and Álava.

Explanation: The capital city of Gipuzkoa is Donostia-San Sebastián, not Bilbao.

Explanation: Gipuzkoa has a total area of 1,980 square kilometers, making it the smallest province in Spain by land area.

Explanation: Irun and Zarautz are indeed listed among the significant cities within Gipuzkoa, in addition to its capital, Donostia-San Sebastián.

Explanation: The correct postal code prefix for Gipuzkoa is 20, not 48.

Explanation: Gipuzkoa's northern border is the Bay of Biscay.

Explanation: The designated capital city of Gipuzkoa is Donostia-San Sebastián.

Explanation: Gipuzkoa is identified as the smallest province in Spain by land area.

Explanation: Gipuzkoa shares borders with France, Navarre, Biscay, and Álava. Portugal is not listed as a bordering territory.

Explanation: Significant cities mentioned in Gipuzkoa include Eibar, Tolosa, and Hondarribia. Vitoria-Gasteiz is not listed among the significant cities within Gipuzkoa.

Explanation: Gipuzkoa's landscape is characterized as hilly and green, effectively connecting its mountainous interior with the sea, and is marked by numerous urban centers.

Explanation: Gipuzkoa's geography is described as hilly and green, connecting mountains and sea, with a rugged terrain, not characterized by flat plains or deserts.

Explanation: Aiako Harria and Txindoki are indeed listed among the emblematic mountains found within Gipuzkoa.

Explanation: The Aralar Natural Park is situated on the border between Gipuzkoa and Navarre, meaning it is not located entirely within Gipuzkoa.

Explanation: Rivers in Gipuzkoa are typically short, originating in inland mountains and flowing south to north, with minimal fluctuation in water volume due to consistent rainfall.

Explanation: Gipuzkoa has an oceanic climate characterized by abundant rainfall throughout the year, promoting lush vegetation, rather than a dry, arid climate.

Explanation: The average annual rainfall in Gipuzkoa ranges between 1200 and 1700 mm, which does not exceed 2000 mm.

Explanation: The predominant vegetation in Gipuzkoa is characterized by boreal forests, featuring deciduous species interspersed with meadows, supported by its oceanic climate.

Explanation: The Algorri beach, situated in Zumaia, is indeed recognized for its distinctive geological formations known as the Flysch.

Explanation: The Oria River is one of the major rivers originating in Gipuzkoa's inland mountains and flowing north towards the Bay of Biscay.

Explanation: Gipuzkoa experiences an oceanic climate, characterized by moderate temperatures, significant rainfall throughout the year, and frequent winds from the north-northwest.

Explanation: The province typically receives between 1200 and 1700 mm of rainfall annually, with an average often cited around 1400 mm.

Explanation: Aizkorri is listed among the prominent and symbolically significant mountains found within Gipuzkoa.

Explanation: Algorri beach in Zumaia is renowned for its distinctive geological formation known as the Flysch.

Explanation: Rivers in Gipuzkoa are typically short, originating in the inland mountains and flowing south to north, with minimal fluctuation in water volume due to consistent rainfall.

Explanation: The official Basque spelling, 'Gipuzkoa,' is mandated for use in all official documents, including those written in Spanish.

Explanation: More than half of Gipuzkoa's population resides within the Donostia-San Sebastián metropolitan area, contrary to the statement.

Explanation: The Basque language (Euskara) is actively spoken in Gipuzkoa; a 2021 survey indicated that 51.8% of the population spoke Basque, demonstrating its significant presence.

Explanation: Gipuzkoa has a population density of 363.9 inhabitants per square kilometer, which reflects a relatively high population concentration within its small geographical area, suggesting it is not significantly lower than the Spanish average.

Explanation: The official Basque spelling for the province, mandated for use in official documents, is 'Gipuzkoa'.

Explanation: According to a 2021 survey, 51.8% of Gipuzkoa's population spoke the Basque language.

Explanation: Gipuzkoa is allocated 6 seats in the Spanish Congress of Deputies.

Explanation: The motto 'Fidelissima Bardulia Numquam Superata' translates from Latin to 'Most faithful Bardulia, never conquered,' reflecting enduring strength and resilience rather than constant victory.

Explanation: The earliest recorded mention of the province's name, under the form 'Ipuscoa,' dates back to the 11th century (specifically 1025).

Explanation: The San Adrián tunnel was historically significant for the *inland* route of the Way of St. James, not the coastal route.

Explanation: The motto 'Fidelissima Bardulia Numquam Superata' translates to 'Most faithful Bardulia, never conquered,' reflecting a historical identity rooted in enduring strength and resilience, referencing an ancient name for the territory.

Explanation: The San Adrián tunnel served as a historically significant passage for the inland Way of St. James.

Explanation: The name 'Bardulia' in Gipuzkoa's motto refers to an ancient designation for the territory, signifying a deep historical connection.

Explanation: Gipuzkoa's cultural identity is a rich amalgamation of deep-rooted Basque traditions, including music, dance, and bertsolaritza, alongside modern Basque, Spanish, and international influences, rather than being solely based on modern Spanish pop culture.

Explanation: Saint Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the Society of Jesus, was indeed born in the province of Gipuzkoa.

Explanation: The province has produced notable athletes across a wide spectrum of disciplines, including football, cycling, mountaineering, tennis, and boxing, in addition to golf and swimming.

Explanation: Andrés de Urdaneta, recognized for his significant contributions as an explorer and navigator, originated from Gipuzkoa.

Explanation: Cristóbal Balenciaga and Paco Rabanne, both highly acclaimed fashion designers, are indeed from Gipuzkoa.

Explanation: Bertsolaritza, the traditional Basque art form of improvised poetry singing, is highlighted as a component of Gipuzkoa's cultural identity.

Explanation: Saint Ignatius of Loyola, the founder of the Society of Jesus, is recognized as a patron saint associated with Gipuzkoa, having been born in the province.

Explanation: While Xabi Alonso, Edurne Pasaban, and Mikel Arteta are mentioned as notable athletes from Gipuzkoa, Rafael Nadal is not explicitly listed in the provided source material.

Explanation: Jorge Oteiza, celebrated for his abstract metal sculptures, is a prominent artist hailing from Gipuzkoa.

Explanation: Historically, communication and infrastructure lines in Gipuzkoa primarily followed a north-south axis, typically along river valleys leading to the coast.

Explanation: The AVE high-speed rail project in Gipuzkoa is currently under construction and has faced significant delays and challenges, indicating it is not yet completed or fully operational.

Explanation: The San Sebastián Airport, located in Hondarribia, serves as the primary airport for Gipuzkoa, handling domestic flights within Spain.

Explanation: The port of Pasaia is identified as the principal maritime port serving the province of Gipuzkoa.

Explanation: The N-1 E-5 highway traverses Gipuzkoa primarily along the Oria River valley, connecting Irun to Altsasu.

Explanation: The AVE high-speed rail project in Gipuzkoa is currently under construction, characterized by ongoing works, delays, and financial challenges, indicating an uncertain completion status.

Explanation: In addition to San Sebastián Airport in Hondarribia, residents frequently utilize Bilbao Airport in Spain and Biarritz Airport in France for their travel needs.