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The Grodno Region is situated in the eastern part of Belarus.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Grodno Region is located in western Belarus, not the eastern part.
Grodno, the administrative center of the Grodno Region, is also the largest city within that region.
Answer: True
Explanation: Grodno serves as the administrative center and is indeed the largest city within the Grodno Region.
The Neman River is a significant geographical feature within the Grodno Region.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Neman River is a prominent geographical feature within the Grodno Region.
Grodno Region shares borders with Ukraine and Slovakia.
Answer: False
Explanation: Grodno Region shares borders with Lithuania and Poland, not Ukraine and Slovakia.
Zamkovaya Mountain is the lowest elevation point in Grodno Region.
Answer: False
Explanation: Zamkovaya Mountain is identified as the highest elevation point in Grodno Region, not the lowest.
Grodno Region covers an area of approximately 25,118 square miles.
Answer: False
Explanation: Grodno Region covers an area of approximately 9,698.14 square miles, not 25,118 square miles. The figure 25,118 refers to its area in square kilometers.
Which of the following countries shares a border with Grodno Region?
Answer: Lithuania
Explanation: Grodno Region shares borders with Lithuania and Poland.
What is identified as the highest elevation point in Grodno Region?
Answer: Zamkovaya Mountain
Explanation: Zamkovaya Mountain is identified as the highest elevation point in Grodno Region.
What is the approximate area of Grodno Region in square kilometers?
Answer: 25,118.07
Explanation: Grodno Region covers a total area of 25,118.07 square kilometers.
The earliest known inhabitants of the Grodno Region included only Baltic peoples.
Answer: False
Explanation: The earliest inhabitants included early East Slavs, such as the Dregoviches tribal union, as well as Baltic peoples.
The city of Grodno was first historically recorded under the name Goroden in the year 1027.
Answer: False
Explanation: The city of Grodno, first recorded as Goroden, is mentioned in historical chronicles under the year 1127.
During the 12th-14th centuries, the area known as Black Ruthenia was integrated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Answer: True
Explanation: The area known as Black Ruthenia was indeed integrated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the 13th century, within the 12th-14th century period.
Following the administrative reforms of 1413, the Grodno region was divided between the Krakow Voivodeship and the Poznan Voivodeship.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following the reforms of 1413, the Grodno region was divided between the Trakai Voivodeship and the Vilnius Voivodeship.
Bona Sforza established her royal residence in Grodno, contributing to its growth with numerous streets and houses by 1558.
Answer: True
Explanation: Bona Sforza established her royal residence in Grodno, and by 1558, the city had expanded to include 35 streets and 700 houses.
Stephen Báthory's reign saw Grodno become a royal headquarters and host sessions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth's Parliament (Sejm).
Answer: True
Explanation: During the reign of Stephen Báthory, Grodno served as a royal headquarters and hosted sessions of the Commonwealth's Parliament (Sejm).
The region's importance began to significantly increase after the Livonian War (1558-1583).
Answer: False
Explanation: The region's status began to decline following the Livonian War (1558-1583), rather than increase.
Following the Partitions of Poland, the Grodno region was annexed by the Austrian Empire.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following the Partitions of Poland, the Grodno region was annexed by the Russian Empire.
During World War I, German troops occupied Grodno city and restricted the civil rights of Polish citizens.
Answer: True
Explanation: German troops occupied Grodno city during World War I, leading to restrictions on the civil rights of Polish citizens.
The Belarusian People's Republic (BNR) established its main administrative center in Grodno after World War I.
Answer: False
Explanation: Grodno served as a site of struggle for the BNR's Council (Rada) during World War I, but it was not the established main administrative center after the war.
The Peace Treaty of Riga returned the Grodno region to the Second Polish Republic after the Polish-Soviet War.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Peace Treaty of Riga indeed returned the Grodno region to the Second Polish Republic following the Polish-Soviet War.
Following the Soviet invasion in 1939, thousands of Polish defenders from the Grodno area were deported to Germany.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following the Soviet invasion in 1939, Polish defenders and inhabitants from the Grodno area were deported to Siberia and Kazakhstan, not Germany.
During the German occupation in World War II, the Grodno Ghetto was established for the region's Jewish population.
Answer: True
Explanation: During the German occupation in World War II, the Grodno Ghetto was indeed established for the region's Jewish population.
The Holocaust resulted in the declaration of Grodno city as 'judenfrei' by German troops in March 1943.
Answer: True
Explanation: By March 1943, German troops had declared Grodno city 'judenfrei' (free of Jews) as a result of the Holocaust.
Post-World War II border changes, influenced by the Yalta Conference, led to the Grodno region being incorporated into Poland.
Answer: False
Explanation: Post-World War II border changes resulted in the Grodno region being incorporated into Soviet Belarus, not Poland.
The 'See also' section lists Białystok Voivodeship (1919-1939) as a historical administrative division related to Grodno Region.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'See also' section does list Białystok Voivodeship (1919-1939) as a historical administrative division related to the Grodno region.
Which tribal unions are mentioned as potentially being the earliest inhabitants of the Grodno Region lands?
Answer: Dregoviches and Baltic peoples
Explanation: The lands that now form Grodno Region were initially inhabited by early East Slavs, possibly the Dregoviches tribal union, and also by Baltic peoples.
The city of Grodno was first mentioned in historical records in which year?
Answer: 1127
Explanation: The city of Grodno, first recorded as Goroden, is mentioned in historical chronicles under the year 1127.
What was the region known as during the 12th-14th centuries before its full integration into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania?
Answer: Black Ruthenia
Explanation: In the 12th to 14th centuries, the area was known as Black Ruthenia before its full integration into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Which administrative divisions were formed in the Grodno region following the reforms of 1413?
Answer: Trakai Voivodeship and Vilnius Voivodeship
Explanation: In 1413, the Grodno region was administratively divided between the newly formed Trakai Voivodeship and the Vilnius Voivodeship.
Who was instrumental in establishing a royal residence in Grodno, contributing to its urban expansion?
Answer: Bona Sforza
Explanation: Bona Sforza, Queen-Consort of Poland and Grand Duchess-Consort of Lithuania, established her royal residence in Grodno, contributing to its urban expansion.
Grodno became a royal headquarters and hosted sessions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth's Parliament (Sejm) during the reign of which monarch?
Answer: Stephen Báthory
Explanation: During the reign of Stephen Báthory, Grodno served as a royal headquarters and hosted sessions of the Commonwealth's Parliament (Sejm).
What major conflict led to a decline in the status of Grodno Region after its golden age?
Answer: The Livonian War (1558-1583)
Explanation: The region's status began to decline following the Livonian War (1558-1583).
By whom was the Grodno region annexed following the Partitions of Poland?
Answer: The Russian Empire
Explanation: Following the Partitions of Poland, the Grodno region was annexed by the Russian Empire.
What significant event occurred in Grodno city in 1915 during World War I?
Answer: German troops occupied the city
Explanation: During World War I, German troops entered Grodno city in 1915, leading to its occupation.
What was the territorial outcome for Grodno Region according to the Peace Treaty of Riga?
Answer: It was returned to the Second Polish Republic.
Explanation: According to the Peace Treaty of Riga, the Grodno region was returned to the Second Polish Republic.
How did the Soviet invasion of Poland in September 1939 affect the Grodno area?
Answer: It was forcibly incorporated into the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.
Explanation: Following the Soviet invasion of Poland on September 17, 1939, the Grodno area was forcibly incorporated into the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.
During the German occupation in World War II, what specific measure was taken against the Jewish population in Grodno?
Answer: The Grodno Ghetto was established.
Explanation: During the German occupation in World War II, the Grodno Ghetto was established for the region's Jewish population.
Which historical entity, listed under 'See also', was part of the Second Polish Republic and related to the Grodno region?
Answer: Nowogródek Voivodeship
Explanation: The 'See also' section lists Nowogródek Voivodeship (1919-1939) as a historical administrative division of the Second Polish Republic related to the Grodno region.
As of 2024, the estimated population of Grodno Region exceeded one million inhabitants.
Answer: False
Explanation: The estimated population for Grodno Region as of 2024 is 992,556, which does not exceed one million.
The religious landscape of Grodno Region is dominated exclusively by Russian Orthodoxy.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Belarus is predominantly Russian Orthodox, Grodno Region has significant populations adhering to both Roman Catholicism and Russian Orthodoxy.
According to the 2002 census, Poles constituted the largest ethnic group in Grodno Region.
Answer: False
Explanation: According to the 2002 census, Belarusians constituted the largest ethnic group (62.3%), with Poles being a significant minority (24.8%).
Grodno Region has a population density of approximately 100 people per square kilometer.
Answer: False
Explanation: The population density of Grodno Region is approximately 40 people per square kilometer, not 100. The figure of 100 refers to people per square mile.
Approximately 63.5% of Grodno Region's population lives in urban areas.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate, as 63.5% of the population resides in urban areas.
Males constitute a slight majority of the population in Grodno Region.
Answer: False
Explanation: Females constitute approximately 53% of the region's population, meaning they form the majority, not males.
In 1939, Jews formed the majority of Grodno city's population.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 1939, Poles constituted 60% of Grodno city's population, and Jews accounted for 37%. Therefore, Poles formed the majority, not Jews.
According to the 1930 census data, Belarusians represented a significant minority in Grodno Region.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 1930, Belarusians represented only 0.5% of the population in Grodno Region, which is not considered a significant minority compared to Poles (60.5%) and Jews (37.5%).
Roman Catholicism and Russian Orthodoxy are the primary religions practiced in Grodno Region.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate, reflecting the predominant religious affiliations within Grodno Region.
There are no active national minority associations in Grodno Region.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is false. The region hosts numerous active national minority associations representing various ethnic groups.
In 1939, Grodno city had a population of approximately 70,000 inhabitants.
Answer: False
Explanation: The population of Grodno city in 1939 was approximately 60,000 inhabitants, not 70,000.
What was the estimated population of Grodno Region as of 2024?
Answer: 992,556
Explanation: As of 2024, the Grodno Region has an estimated population of 992,556 people.
What are the two predominant religions practiced in Grodno Region?
Answer: Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy
Explanation: The primary religions practiced in Grodno Region are Roman Catholicism and Russian Orthodoxy.
According to the 2002 census, what percentage of the population in Grodno Region identified as Polish?
Answer: 24.8%
Explanation: According to the 2002 census, Poles constituted 24.8% of the population in Grodno Region.
What percentage of Grodno Region's population lives in urban areas?
Answer: 63.5%
Explanation: Approximately 63.5% of the population in Grodno Region resides in urban areas.
In 1930, what was the approximate percentage of Poles in Grodno Region?
Answer: 60.5%
Explanation: In 1930, Poles constituted 60.5% of the population in Grodno Region.
How many national minority associations are active in Grodno Region, according to the provided list?
Answer: 21
Explanation: The provided list details 21 specific national minority associations active in Grodno Region.
How many specific national minority associations are listed as active in Grodno Region?
Answer: 21
Explanation: The provided list details 21 specific national minority associations active in Grodno Region.
What was the population of Grodno city in 1939?
Answer: 60,000
Explanation: In 1939, Grodno city had a population of 60,000 inhabitants.
In 2016, Grodno Region contributed over 15% of Belarus's total industrial output.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 2016, Grodno Region contributed 10.9% of Belarus's total industrial output, which is not over 15%.
The largest industrial company in Grodno Region, Grodno Azot, primarily produces nitrogen fertilizers.
Answer: True
Explanation: Grodno Azot, the region's largest industrial enterprise, is indeed a primary producer of nitrogen fertilizers.
In 2017, the average salary in Grodno Region was higher than the national average for Belarus.
Answer: False
Explanation: The average salary in Grodno Region in 2017 (700 BYN) was lower than the national average salary in Belarus (820 BYN).
In 2017, the registered unemployment rate for employable individuals in Grodno Region was recorded at 0.8%.
Answer: True
Explanation: The estimated unemployment rate in Grodno Region in 2017 was 4.4%, but the rate for registered unemployed individuals of employable age was 0.8%.
In 2023, the per capita GDP of Grodno Region was approximately €6,300.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate, reflecting the per capita GDP figures for Grodno Region in 2023.
Approximately half of the travel agencies in Grodno Region operate as tour operators.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate, as the source indicates that half of the travel agencies in Grodno Region function as tour operators.
What was the contribution of Grodno Region to Belarus's total industrial output in 2016?
Answer: 10.9%
Explanation: In 2016, Grodno Region accounted for 10.9% of Belarus's total industrial output.
In 2017, how did the average salary in Grodno Region compare to the national average in Belarus?
Answer: It was lower than the national average.
Explanation: The average salary in Grodno Region in 2017 was lower than the national average salary in Belarus.
What was the number of registered unemployed individuals of employable age in Grodno Region in 2017, as a percentage?
Answer: 0.8%
Explanation: The number of registered unemployed individuals of employable age in Grodno Region in 2017 was 0.8%.
What was the total GDP of Grodno Region in 2023, in Euros?
Answer: €6.9 billion
Explanation: In 2023, Grodno Region's total GDP was approximately €6.9 billion.
What proportion of travel agencies in Grodno Region function as tour operators?
Answer: Half
Explanation: Half of the travel agencies in Grodno Region function as tour operators.
What is the primary industrial product of the largest company in Grodno Region, Grodno Azot?
Answer: Nitrogen fertilizers
Explanation: Grodno Azot, the largest industrial company in Grodno Region, is a producer of nitrogen fertilizers.
Cities like Grodno, Lida, and Slonim received Magdeburg Law charters, granting them urban and legal autonomy.
Answer: True
Explanation: Historically significant cities in the Grodno region, including Grodno, Lida, and Slonim, were granted Magdeburg Law charters, which conferred urban and legal autonomy.
Grodno Region is administratively divided into 17 districts (rajons).
Answer: True
Explanation: Grodno Region is administratively structured into 17 districts, known as rajons.
Grodno Region contains 194 rural councils known as selsoviet.
Answer: True
Explanation: Grodno Region is administratively divided into 17 districts (rajons), which encompass 194 selsoviet (rural councils).
Which of the following cities was historically significant in Grodno Region and received Magdeburg Law?
Answer: Slonim
Explanation: Historically significant cities in the Grodno region, such as Grodno, Lida, and Slonim, were granted Magdeburg Law charters.
How many districts (rajons) are there in Grodno Region?
Answer: 17
Explanation: Grodno Region is administratively divided into 17 districts (rajons).
The Mir Castle Complex and Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park are recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Mir Castle Complex and Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park are indeed recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
The Church of St Boris & St Gleb in Grodno dates back to the 12th century and is considered the second oldest church in Belarus.
Answer: True
Explanation: This statement is accurate. The Church of St Boris & St Gleb in Grodno dates to the 12th century and is recognized as the second oldest church in Belarus.
Which of the following is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in Grodno Region?
Answer: Mir Castle Complex
Explanation: The Mir Castle Complex and Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park are recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Which specific castles are highlighted as tourist attractions in Grodno Region?
Answer: Mir Castle, Lida Castle, and Novogrudok Castle
Explanation: Key castles featured as tourist attractions in Grodno Region include those located in Mir, Lida, and Novogrudok.
What is the historical significance of the Church of St Boris & St Gleb (Kalozhskaya Church)?
Answer: It dates to the 12th century and is the second oldest church in Belarus.
Explanation: The Church of St Boris & St Gleb dates to the 12th century and is considered the second oldest church in Belarus.
The Belarusian name for the region is Hrodzienskaja voblasc.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Belarusian name for the region is indeed Hrodzienskaja voblasc, with the romanization Hrodzienskaja voblasc.
Grodno Region's Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.798 in 2022 ranked it as the second highest among regions in Belarus.
Answer: False
Explanation: Grodno Region's HDI of 0.798 in 2022 ranked it as the third highest among regions in Belarus, not the second highest.
The official website for the Grodno Region administration is www.region.grodno.by.
Answer: True
Explanation: The official website for the Grodno Region administration is www.region.grodno.by.
The ISO 3166 code assigned to Grodno Region is BY-GN.
Answer: False
Explanation: The correct ISO 3166 code for Grodno Region is BY-HR, not BY-GN.
What is the administrative center and largest city of the Grodno Region?
Answer: Grodno
Explanation: Grodno serves as both the administrative center and the largest city within the Grodno Region.
What is the Belarusian romanization for Grodno Region?
Answer: Hrodzienskaja voblasc
Explanation: The Belarusian name for the region is Hrodzienskaja voblasc, romanized as Hrodzienskaja voblasc.
How did Grodno Region's Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.798 in 2022 rank among regions in Belarus?
Answer: Third
Explanation: Grodno Region's HDI of 0.798 in 2022 ranked it as the third highest among regions in Belarus.