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Titus Livius, commonly known as Livy, wrote his monumental *History of Rome* primarily in Latin.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source material indicates that Livy wrote his monumental *History of Rome* in Latin, not Greek.
The first five books of Livy's *History of Rome* were published after 27 BC, as indicated by Livy's use of the title 'Augustus'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The first five books of Livy's *History of Rome* are generally dated to between 27 and 25 BC, a period indicated by his use of the title 'Augustus' for the emperor.
Livy's stated purpose for writing his history was to provide moral examples for his audience.
Answer: True
Explanation: Livy explicitly stated his purpose was to preserve a memory that would offer moral examples for his readers.
Livy's *History of Rome* was written to undermine the political ideology of Emperor Augustus.
Answer: False
Explanation: Livy's work was written under Augustus and aimed to support the idea that the Augustan principate was the culmination of Roman history.
During what period did Livy write his *History of Rome*, and what was its intended final scope?
Answer: Between 27 BC and 9 BC, intended to cover the entire history of Rome up to the reign of Emperor Augustus.
Explanation: Livy wrote his *History of Rome* between 27 BC and 9 BC, intending to cover the entire span of Roman history up to the reign of Emperor Augustus.
What is the stated purpose of Livy in writing his *History of Rome*?
Answer: To preserve a memory that would offer moral examples for readers.
Explanation: Livy stated his purpose was to preserve a memory that would provide moral examples for his audience.
How did the political climate under Emperor Augustus potentially influence Livy's work?
Answer: Livy's work supported the idea that the Augustan principate was the culmination of Roman history.
Explanation: Livy's work, written during Augustus's reign, supported the notion that the Augustan principate represented the culmination of Roman history.
Livy's *History of Rome* was originally intended to cover the entire history of Rome up to the reign of Emperor Augustus.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source indicates Livy's original intention was to chronicle the entire history of Rome up to the reign of Emperor Augustus.
Livy originally organized his work strictly into decades, a system universally adopted by all ancient copyists.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Livy's work was often published in decades, the source suggests this was not his original strict organizational principle and was a later innovation by copyists.
The annalistic tradition, which Livy followed, involved writing history based on philosophical treatises.
Answer: False
Explanation: The annalistic tradition involves writing history chronologically, year by year, not based on philosophical treatises.
The title *Ab Urbe Condita* translates to 'The History of the Emperors'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The title *Ab Urbe Condita* translates to 'From the Founding of the City', not 'The History of the Emperors'.
What is the primary work attributed to Titus Livius, and what is one of its alternative titles?
Answer: The *History of Rome*, also referred to as *Ab Urbe Condita*
Explanation: The primary work attributed to Titus Livius is the *History of Rome*, also known by the Latin phrase *Ab Urbe Condita*.
What does the phrase *Ab Urbe Condita* mean in the context of Livy's work?
Answer: From the Founding of the City
Explanation: The Latin phrase *Ab Urbe Condita* translates to 'From the Founding of the City,' referring to the chronological starting point of Livy's history.
What is the significance of the *Annales* as a potential original title for Livy's work?
Answer: It indicates Livy's adherence to the tradition of writing history year by year.
Explanation: The potential original title *Annales* signifies Livy's adherence to the tradition of writing history year by year.
What is the significance of the *Ab Urbe Condita* dating convention mentioned in the article?
Answer: It is a method of numbering years starting from Rome's legendary foundation in 753 BC.
Explanation: The *Ab Urbe Condita* dating convention refers to numbering years from Rome's legendary foundation in 753 BC.
What does the term 'annalistic history' refer to in the context of Livy's work?
Answer: History organized chronologically, year by year.
Explanation: Annalistic history refers to the practice of organizing historical accounts chronologically, year by year.
Approximately three-quarters of Livy's original 142-book *History of Rome* survives today.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source states that only approximately one-quarter of Livy's original 142-book *History of Rome* survives today.
The surviving books of Livy's *History of Rome* include Books 1-10, which cover events up to 293 BC.
Answer: True
Explanation: The surviving portions of Livy's work include Books 1-10, which detail events up to 293 BC.
The *Periochae* are detailed historical accounts written by Livy himself to summarize his larger work.
Answer: False
Explanation: The *Periochae* are summaries of Livy's history created in antiquity, not by Livy himself, and they are significant for providing content for the lost books.
Livy's surviving work details the Roman Republic's early history, including the expulsion of Tarquinius Superbus in 510 BC.
Answer: True
Explanation: The surviving books of Livy's *History of Rome*, particularly Books 1-5, cover the early Roman Republic and include the expulsion of Tarquinius Superbus in 510 BC.
The surviving books of Livy's *History of Rome* extensively cover the First Punic War.
Answer: False
Explanation: The surviving books detailing major wars focus on the Second Punic War and the Macedonian Wars, not extensively on the First Punic War.
In Book 9 of his *History of Rome*, Livy presents a hypothetical scenario where Romans would have defeated Alexander the Great.
Answer: True
Explanation: Book 9 of Livy's *History of Rome* includes a digression where Livy speculates on how Romans would have fared against Alexander the Great.
The *Periochae* are significant because they provide summaries for books of Livy's history that are now lost.
Answer: True
Explanation: The *Periochae* are significant as they offer summaries of Livy's history, including for books that are no longer extant.
Books 31-45 of Livy's *History of Rome* primarily detail the Roman conquest of Britain.
Answer: False
Explanation: Books 31-45 of Livy's *History of Rome* primarily detail the Second Punic War and the Macedonian Wars, not the conquest of Britain.
The table of contents for Livy's work categorizes books only as 'Complete' or 'Lost'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The table of contents categorizes books as 'Complete', 'Almost complete', 'Fragments', or 'Lost'.
Book 5 of Livy's *History of Rome* covers the period including the Sack of Rome by Brennus.
Answer: True
Explanation: Book 5 of Livy's *History of Rome* covers events including the war against Veii and the Sack of Rome by Brennus.
Book 22 of Livy's *History of Rome* details the Roman defeat at the Battle of Cannae.
Answer: True
Explanation: Book 22 of Livy's *History of Rome* covers the period of the Second Punic War and includes accounts of the Battle of Cannae.
What proportion of Livy's original *History of Rome* survives today, and what periods do the surviving books cover?
Answer: About a quarter, covering events from the founding to 293 BC and from 219 BC to 166 BC.
Explanation: Approximately a quarter of Livy's original 142 books survive, covering events from Rome's founding to 293 BC and from 219 BC to 166 BC.
What is the significance of the *Periochae* in relation to Livy's work?
Answer: They are summaries of Livy's history created in antiquity, including for lost books.
Explanation: The *Periochae* are ancient summaries of Livy's history that are significant for providing content for the books that are now lost.
Which major wars are extensively detailed in the surviving books of Livy's *History of Rome*?
Answer: The Punic Wars and the Macedonian Wars.
Explanation: The surviving books of Livy's *History of Rome* extensively detail the Punic Wars and the Macedonian Wars.
What historical events are primarily detailed in Books 31-45 of Livy's *History of Rome*?
Answer: The Second Punic War and the Macedonian Wars.
Explanation: Books 31-45 of Livy's *History of Rome* primarily detail the Second Punic War and the Macedonian Wars.
What specific events are detailed in Book 22 of Livy's *History of Rome*?
Answer: The Battle of Lake Trasimene and the Battle of Cannae.
Explanation: Book 22 of Livy's *History of Rome* details events such as the Battle of Lake Trasimene and the Battle of Cannae.
What does the table of contents categorize regarding the status of Livy's books?
Answer: 'Complete', 'Almost complete', 'Fragments', or 'Lost'.
Explanation: The table of contents categorizes Livy's books by their status: 'Complete', 'Almost complete', 'Fragments', or 'Lost'.
What specific events are covered in Book 5 of Livy's *History of Rome*?
Answer: The war against Veii and the Sack of Rome by Brennus.
Explanation: Book 5 of Livy's *History of Rome* covers the war against Veii and the Sack of Rome by Brennus.
What is the historical context for Livy's mention of the Hercynian Forest?
Answer: It was first opened up by Roman generals Nero Claudius Drusus and Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus.
Explanation: Livy mentions the Hercynian Forest in the context of its exploration by Roman generals Nero Claudius Drusus and Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus.
What specific events are covered in Book 10 of Livy's *History of Rome*?
Answer: The Third Samnite War and the sacrifice of Publius Decius Mus.
Explanation: Book 10 of Livy's *History of Rome* covers the Third Samnite War and includes the sacrifice of Publius Decius Mus.
What is the historical context of the *Lex Oppia* mentioned in Book 34?
Answer: A law restricting the rights of women, passed in 215 BC and repealed in 193 BC.
Explanation: The *Lex Oppia*, mentioned in Book 34, was a sumptuary law restricting women's rights, passed in 215 BC and repealed in 193 BC.
What specific events are covered in Book 45 of Livy's *History of Rome*?
Answer: The conclusion of the Third Macedonian War and the triumph of Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus.
Explanation: Book 45 of Livy's *History of Rome* covers the conclusion of the Third Macedonian War and the triumph of Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus.
Manuscripts of Livy's work are generally free from damage and present a uniform system for classification.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source indicates that manuscripts of Livy's work often suffer from damage, resulting in significant gaps (*lacunae*), and lack a uniform system for classification.
The Nicomachean family of manuscripts is crucial because it represents a recension commissioned by Emperor Nero.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Nicomachean family of manuscripts is crucial because it represents a recension commissioned by Quintus Aurelius Symmachus, not Emperor Nero.
The Verona Palimpsest contains parts of Livy's Books VII-X, dated to the 4th century.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Verona Palimpsest contains parts of Livy's Books III-VI, not VII-X, and is dated to the 4th century.
Which of the following is a challenge mentioned regarding the manuscripts of Livy's *History of Rome*?
Answer: They suffer from damage, resulting in significant gaps (*lacunae*).
Explanation: Manuscripts of Livy's work are noted to suffer from damage, leading to significant gaps or *lacunae*.
What is the significance of the Verona Palimpsest in relation to Livy's manuscript tradition?
Answer: It contains parts of Books III-VI and represents a second family of manuscripts.
Explanation: The Verona Palimpsest is significant as it contains parts of Livy's Books III-VI and represents a distinct family of manuscripts.
What is the significance of the Nicomachean recension of Livy's text?
Answer: It represents a version prepared by Nicomachus Flavianus, forming the basis for many later manuscripts.
Explanation: The Nicomachean recension, prepared by Nicomachus Flavianus, is significant as it forms the basis for many later manuscripts of Livy's work.
The orthodox view considers Livy a highly original historian who conducted extensive primary research.
Answer: False
Explanation: The orthodox view, as presented, considers Livy a 'very poor historian indeed,' relying on earlier histories without extensive primary research.
Criticisms of Livy's writing include the accuracy of his battle accounts and the rhetorical nature of his speeches.
Answer: True
Explanation: Criticisms leveled against Livy include the accuracy of his battle accounts and the rhetorical style of his speeches.
Livy treated the early, legendary periods of Roman history with complete skepticism, omitting all traditional accounts.
Answer: False
Explanation: Livy acknowledged difficulties and showed skepticism towards early legends but did not omit all traditional accounts; he included them while noting their improbable nature.
Livy extensively utilized contemporary documents like inscriptions and senate records for his *History of Rome*.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source suggests Livy did not extensively utilize contemporary documents like inscriptions or senate records, focusing instead on synthesizing existing narratives.
Quintus Fabius Pictor and Quintus Ennius were among the historians Livy drew upon for his work.
Answer: True
Explanation: Livy drew upon earlier Roman historians, including Quintus Fabius Pictor and Quintus Ennius, among others.
Which of the following is a criticism leveled against Livy's historical writing?
Answer: The inaccuracy of his battle accounts and rhetorical speeches.
Explanation: Criticisms of Livy's writing include the accuracy of his battle accounts and the rhetorical nature of his speeches.
What was Livy's approach to the early, legendary periods of Roman history?
Answer: He acknowledged difficulties and showed skepticism, omitting improbable stories while including legends.
Explanation: Livy acknowledged difficulties with early legends, showing skepticism and omitting improbable stories while still including traditional accounts.
Did Livy conduct extensive original research using contemporary documents like inscriptions for his *History of Rome*?
Answer: No, he primarily relied on synthesizing existing narratives and earlier historians.
Explanation: The source suggests Livy primarily relied on synthesizing existing narratives and earlier historians rather than conducting extensive original research using contemporary documents.
According to the source, what was the orthodox view regarding Livy's historical methodology?
Answer: He was considered a 'very poor historian indeed' due to his reliance on earlier histories without primary research.
Explanation: The orthodox view presented considers Livy a 'very poor historian indeed' due to his reliance on earlier histories without primary research.
What is the significance of the *Annales maximi* in relation to Livy's sources?
Answer: They were official records kept by the Pontifex Maximus, which Livy did not use.
Explanation: The *Annales maximi* were official records kept by the Pontifex Maximus, and the source indicates Livy did not utilize them.
Niccolò Machiavelli's *Discourses on Livy* is a primary source used by Livy for his own historical accounts.
Answer: False
Explanation: Machiavelli's *Discourses on Livy* is a commentary on Livy's work, not a source used by Livy himself.
Philemon Holland completed the first complete English translation of Livy's work in the 17th century.
Answer: True
Explanation: Philemon Holland completed the first complete English translation of Livy's work, which was published in 1600, at the very beginning of the 17th century.
Livy's writing is considered a *sine qua non* for Latin curricula due to its simple, unadorned style.
Answer: False
Explanation: Livy's writing is considered a *sine qua non* for Latin curricula due to its well-crafted prose in the Golden Age style, not its simple, unadorned nature.
Which of the following is a notable modern translation of Livy's *History of Rome*?
Answer: The translation by B.O. Foster for the Loeb Classical Library.
Explanation: A notable modern translation of Livy's *History of Rome* is the one by B.O. Foster for the Loeb Classical Library.
What does the phrase *sine qua non* mean in the context of Latin curricula regarding Livy's writing?
Answer: An essential condition or something indispensable.
Explanation: In the context of Latin curricula, *sine qua non* means an essential condition or something indispensable.
Who produced the first complete English translation of Livy's *History of Rome*, and when?
Answer: Philemon Holland in 1600.
Explanation: Philemon Holland produced the first complete English translation of Livy's *History of Rome*, published in 1600.