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Study Guide: The House of Khalifa: Bahrain's Ruling Family

Cheat Sheet:
The House of Khalifa: Bahrain's Ruling Family Study Guide

Origins and Founding of the House of Khalifa

The House of Khalifa originates from the Anizah tribe of central Arabia.

Answer: True

Explanation: The source identifies the Anizah tribe as the origin of the House of Khalifa.

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The founder of the House of Khalifa is identified as Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Khalifa.

Answer: False

Explanation: Khalifa bin Mohammed is identified as the founder of the House of Khalifa.

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The Arabic name for the House of Khalifa is 'Al Hamad'.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Arabic name for the House of Khalifa is آل خليفة (Al Khalifah).

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The House of Khalifa was founded in 1783.

Answer: False

Explanation: The House of Khalifa was founded in 1766.

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The Utub alliance was a rival group that fought against the early House of Khalifa.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Utub alliance was a group that included members of the Anizah tribe, from which the House of Khalifa originates, and played a role in their migration and settlement.

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The House of Khalifa professes Shia Islam and belongs to the Anizah tribe.

Answer: False

Explanation: The House of Khalifa professes Sunni Islam and originates from the Anizah tribe.

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The Al Zubarah region in Qatar was historically ruled by the House of Khalifa before they settled in Bahrain.

Answer: True

Explanation: The House of Khalifa, originating from the Anizah tribe, migrated through regions including Qatar (Al Zubarah) before settling in Bahrain.

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Who is considered the founder of the House of Khalifa?

Answer: Khalifa bin Mohammed

Explanation: Khalifa bin Mohammed is identified as the founder of the House of Khalifa.

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Which tribe do the House of Khalifa originate from?

Answer: Anizah

Explanation: The House of Khalifa originates from the Anizah tribe.

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What significant event occurred in 1766 related to the House of Khalifa?

Answer: The founding of the House of Khalifa.

Explanation: The year 1766 marks the founding of the House of Khalifa.

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The migration path of the early House of Khalifa included ruling which region before settling in Bahrain?

Answer: Qatar (Al Zubarah)

Explanation: Before settling in Bahrain, the early House of Khalifa ruled in the region of Qatar, specifically Al Zubarah.

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What is the primary religion professed by the House of Khalifa?

Answer: Sunni Islam

Explanation: The House of Khalifa professes Sunni Islam.

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The source mentions the House of Khalifa belongs to which specific branch of Islam?

Answer: Sunni

Explanation: The source indicates that the House of Khalifa belongs to Sunni Islam.

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What is the Arabic name for the ruling family of Bahrain?

Answer: Al Khalifah

Explanation: The Arabic name for the ruling family of Bahrain is آل خليفة (Al Khalifah).

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Establishment of Rule in Bahrain

Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Khalifa is recognized as the first ruler of Bahrain from the House of Khalifa, establishing rule in 1783.

Answer: True

Explanation: Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Khalifa is identified as the first ruler from the House of Khalifa to establish rule in Bahrain, which occurred in 1783.

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The first ruler, Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Khalifa, ruled as Hakim until his death in 1796.

Answer: True

Explanation: Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Khalifa, the first ruler from the House of Khalifa in Bahrain, ruled as Hakim until his death in 1796.

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In what year did Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Khalifa establish the rule of the House of Khalifa in Bahrain?

Answer: 1783

Explanation: Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Khalifa established the rule of the House of Khalifa in Bahrain in 1783.

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Who defeated Nasr Al-Madhkur to gain control of Bahrain in 1783?

Answer: Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Khalifa

Explanation: Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Khalifa defeated Nasr Al-Madhkur in 1783 to gain control of Bahrain.

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Family Structure and Internal Dynamics

Following Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Khalifa's death, his sons immediately consolidated power under a single ruler.

Answer: False

Explanation: After Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Khalifa's death, his sons Salman and Abdulla co-ruled Bahrain, dividing responsibilities rather than consolidating power under a single ruler.

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The Al Khalifa family split into the Al-Abdulla and Al-Salman branches after the initial co-rule period.

Answer: True

Explanation: Following the co-rule of Salman and Abdulla, the Al Khalifa family divided into two primary branches: Al-Abdulla and Al-Salman.

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The Al-Abdulla branch ultimately gained complete rule over Bahrain after the internal conflict.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Al-Salman branch emerged victorious from the conflict with the Al-Abdulla branch, securing complete rule over Bahrain.

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Descendants of the Al-Salman branch of the family now reside primarily in Qatar.

Answer: False

Explanation: Descendants of the Al-Abdulla branch of the family reside primarily in Qatar, while descendants of the Al-Salman branch live in Bahrain.

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Which two main branches did the Al Khalifa family split into after the co-rule of Salman and Abdulla?

Answer: Al-Abdulla and Al-Salman

Explanation: After the co-rule of Salman and Abdulla, the Al Khalifa family split into the Al-Abdulla and Al-Salman branches.

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Which branch of the Al Khalifa family emerged victorious after the conflict of 1842-1846?

Answer: Al-Salman

Explanation: The Al-Salman branch emerged victorious from the conflict with the Al-Abdulla branch between 1842 and 1846.

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According to the source, where do descendants of the Al-Abdulla branch of the family reside today?

Answer: Qatar

Explanation: Descendants of the Al-Abdulla branch of the House of Khalifa primarily reside in Qatar.

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What was the nature of the conflict between the Al-Salman and Al-Abdulla branches?

Answer: An internal struggle for power within the ruling family.

Explanation: The conflict between the Al-Salman and Al-Abdulla branches was an internal struggle for power within the ruling family.

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Governance and State Structure

The House of Khalifa is the current ruling family of Qatar.

Answer: False

Explanation: The House of Khalifa is the ruling family of Bahrain, not Qatar.

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Members of the Al Khalifa family constitute a minority of the Bahraini cabinet ministers as of 2025.

Answer: False

Explanation: As of 2024, four out of 25 cabinet ministers are members of the Al Khalifa family, indicating significant, not minority, representation.

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The Ruling Family Council handles only property disputes among Al Khalifa members.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Ruling Family Council arbitrates internal family disputes, particularly concerning property and land, but its role is not exclusively limited to property disputes.

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Members of the Al Khalifa family are permitted to take internal property disputes to Bahrain's ordinary law courts.

Answer: False

Explanation: Internal family disputes, including those related to property, are handled by the Ruling Family Council and are not referred to Bahrain's ordinary law courts.

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The Ruling Family Council was formally established as a state organ with ministerial rank for its head in 1973.

Answer: True

Explanation: In 1973, the Ruling Family Council was restructured by Amir Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, becoming a formal state organ with its administrative head holding ministerial rank.

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The current head of the Ruling Family Council is Mohammed bin Khalifa bin Hamad Al Khalifa.

Answer: False

Explanation: King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa currently chairs the Ruling Family Council.

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Before 1971, rulers of Bahrain from the House of Khalifa primarily used the title 'Amir'.

Answer: False

Explanation: Before 1971, rulers of Bahrain from the House of Khalifa primarily used the title 'Hakim'.

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The Ruling Family Council has been formally managing relations between the political leadership and other family members since 1932.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Ruling Family Council has been formally managing relations between the political leadership and other family members since 1932.

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Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa holds the title of Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Interior.

Answer: False

Explanation: Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa is the Prime Minister and Crown Prince. Khalid bin Abdullah Al Khalifa is Deputy Prime Minister, and Rashid bin Abdulla Al Khalifa is Minister of Interior.

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The current King, Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, also chairs the Ruling Family Council.

Answer: True

Explanation: King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, the current monarch of Bahrain, also serves as the chairman of the Ruling Family Council.

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The administrative head of the Ruling Family Council holds the rank of a minister.

Answer: True

Explanation: The administrative head of the Ruling Family Council holds a ministerial rank, reflecting its status as a formal state organ.

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Sheikha Dheya bint Ebrahim Al Khalifa is the current Prime Minister of Bahrain.

Answer: False

Explanation: Sheikha Dheya bint Ebrahim Al Khalifa is identified as the President of the Riyada Group of Companies. The current Prime Minister is Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa.

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What was the primary role of the Ruling Family Council as described in the source?

Answer: To arbitrate internal family disputes, particularly concerning property.

Explanation: The primary role of the Ruling Family Council is to arbitrate internal family disputes, especially those concerning property and land.

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What title did the rulers of Bahrain hold before the transition to Amir or King?

Answer: Hakim

Explanation: Before adopting the titles of Amir and King, rulers of Bahrain from the House of Khalifa primarily held the title of Hakim.

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What does the source indicate about the representation of the Al Khalifa family in the Bahraini cabinet as of 2024?

Answer: Four out of 25 ministers are members of the royal family.

Explanation: As of 2024, the Al Khalifa family holds significant representation in the Bahraini cabinet, with four out of the 25 ministers belonging to the royal family.

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What is the significance of the Ruling Family Council regarding internal legal actions?

Answer: It prevents members from taking internal property disputes to ordinary law courts.

Explanation: The Ruling Family Council's significance lies in its role of preventing members from taking internal property disputes to Bahrain's ordinary law courts, ensuring these matters are handled internally.

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Which member of the Al Khalifa family holds the position of Minister of Interior as listed in the source?

Answer: Rashid bin Abdulla Al Khalifa

Explanation: Rashid bin Abdulla Al Khalifa is listed as holding the position of Minister of Interior.

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Who is Sheikha Dheya bint Ebrahim Al Khalifa identified as in the source?

Answer: The President of the Riyada Group of Companies.

Explanation: Sheikha Dheya bint Ebrahim Al Khalifa is identified in the source as the President of the Riyada Group of Companies.

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Who are the deputy chairman and director general of the Ruling Family Council, respectively?

Answer: Mohammed bin Khalifa bin Hamad Al Khalifa and Ibrahim bin Khalid bin Mohammed Al Khalifa

Explanation: Mohammed bin Khalifa bin Hamad Al Khalifa serves as the deputy chairman, and Ibrahim bin Khalid bin Mohammed Al Khalifa is the director general of the Ruling Family Council.

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Historical Context and Contemporary Issues

Bahrain faced no significant external threats under Al Khalifa rule until the late 19th century.

Answer: False

Explanation: Bahrain faced significant external threats from powers such as the Wahhabis, Omanis, Ottomans, Egyptians, and Persians prior to the late 19th century.

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King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa was responsible for ordering attacks on protesters during the 2011 Arab Spring.

Answer: True

Explanation: King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa's government was responsible for ordering attacks on protesters during the 2011 Arab Spring.

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Following the 2011 protests, Bahrain sought assistance from Iran and Iraq.

Answer: False

Explanation: Following the 2011 protests and subsequent international condemnation, Bahrain sought assistance from Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, not Iran and Iraq.

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The gallery caption mentions violent clashes between Bahrain Police and protesters on March 13, 2011.

Answer: True

Explanation: The gallery caption refers to violent clashes between Bahrain Police and protesters that occurred on March 13, 2011.

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What actions did the Bahraini government take following international condemnation for its handling of the 2011 Arab Spring protests?

Answer: Enlisted assistance from Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.

Explanation: Following international condemnation for its handling of the 2011 Arab Spring protests, the Bahraini government sought and received assistance from Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.

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What historical event is associated with King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa that led to international condemnation?

Answer: Attacks on protesters during the 2011 Arab Spring.

Explanation: King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa's government's actions during the 2011 Arab Spring, specifically attacks on protesters, led to international condemnation.

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Which external powers threatened Bahrain under Al Khalifa rule before 1869, according to the source?

Answer: The Wahhabis, Omanis, Ottomans, Egyptians, and Persians.

Explanation: Prior to 1869, Bahrain under Al Khalifa rule faced threats from multiple external powers, including the Wahhabis, Omanis, Ottomans, Egyptians, and Persians.

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What event involving Bahraini police and protesters is mentioned in the gallery caption?

Answer: Protests in March 2011 leading to violent clashes.

Explanation: The gallery caption mentions protests in March 2011 that resulted in violent clashes between Bahraini police and protesters.

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Modern Leadership and Titles

King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa assumed the title of King of Bahrain in 1999.

Answer: False

Explanation: King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa assumed the title of Amir in 1999 and proclaimed himself King of Bahrain in 2002.

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According to the source, who is the current head of the House of Khalifa?

Answer: Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa

Explanation: The current head of the House of Khalifa and reigning monarch of Bahrain is King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa.

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Who is the current Prime Minister of Bahrain and also the son of the current King?

Answer: Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa

Explanation: Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa serves as the Prime Minister of Bahrain and is the son of the current King, Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa.

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Which ruler proclaimed himself King of Bahrain in 2002, transitioning from the title of Amir?

Answer: Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa

Explanation: Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa transitioned from the title of Amir to King of Bahrain in 2002.

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What title did Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa hold immediately before becoming King in 2002?

Answer: Amir

Explanation: Immediately before proclaiming himself King in 2002, Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa held the title of Amir.

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