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The Greek word 'baptizo' is understood by some to exclusively mean 'to sprinkle'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Greek word 'baptizo' primarily means 'to dip' or 'to immerse', though its usage in various contexts can be debated.
Arguments advocating for full immersion baptism often cite its symbolic connection to the believer's burial and resurrection with Christ.
Answer: True
Explanation: The symbolic connection to Christ's death, burial, and resurrection is a primary theological argument used to support baptism by full immersion.
Believer's baptism is administered to individuals who have made a personal confession of faith, distinguishing it from infant baptism.
Answer: True
Explanation: Believer's baptism is defined by its administration to those who have personally confessed their faith, contrasting with infant baptism.
For Seventh-day Adventists, the practice of full immersion baptism symbolizes the believer's death to their former self and their new life in Christ.
Answer: True
Explanation: Seventh-day Adventists view full immersion baptism as symbolizing the believer's death to sin and resurrection to a new life in Jesus Christ.
Does 'affusion' denote the practice of baptism by sprinkling water?
Answer: False
Explanation: Affusion refers to baptism by pouring water, while aspersion refers to baptism by sprinkling.
For The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, baptism by immersion symbolizes the end of an old life and the commencement of a new spiritual existence.
Answer: True
Explanation: Baptism by immersion for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints symbolizes the end of an old life and the beginning of a new one.
The term 'aspersion' refers to baptism by pouring water.
Answer: False
Explanation: Aspersion refers to baptism by sprinkling, not pouring.
What does the symbolic meaning of baptism for Anabaptists encompass, according to the provided information?
Answer: True
Explanation: Anabaptist baptismal symbolism includes the three witnesses: the Spirit, the water, and the blood.
The term 'believer's baptism' is not synonymous with infant baptism; it refers to baptism administered upon a personal confession of faith.
Answer: True
Explanation: Believer's baptism is distinct from infant baptism, being administered after a personal confession of faith.
The Churches of Christ ground their practice of baptism by immersion in the symbolism of Christ's death, burial, and resurrection.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Churches of Christ base their immersion practice on the symbolism of Christ's death, burial, and resurrection.
Does 'affusion' denote the practice of baptism by sprinkling water?
Answer: False
Explanation: Affusion refers to baptism by pouring water, while aspersion refers to baptism by sprinkling.
For The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, baptism by immersion symbolizes the end of an old life and the commencement of a new spiritual existence.
Answer: True
Explanation: Baptism by immersion for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints symbolizes the end of an old life and the beginning of a new one.
The term 'aspersion' refers to baptism by pouring water.
Answer: False
Explanation: Aspersion refers to baptism by sprinkling, not pouring.
What does the symbolic meaning of baptism for Anabaptists encompass, according to the provided information?
Answer: True
Explanation: Anabaptist baptismal symbolism includes the three witnesses: the Spirit, the water, and the blood.
The term 'believer's baptism' is not synonymous with infant baptism; it refers to baptism administered upon a personal confession of faith.
Answer: True
Explanation: Believer's baptism is distinct from infant baptism, being administered after a personal confession of faith.
The Churches of Christ base their practice of baptism by immersion in the symbolism of Christ's death, burial, and resurrection.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Churches of Christ base their immersion practice on the symbolism of Christ's death, burial, and resurrection.
What is the primary semantic range of the Greek word 'baptizo' in the context of baptism?
Answer: To dip or immerse
Explanation: The Greek word 'baptizo' primarily signifies 'to dip' or 'to immerse'.
What key symbolic connection is cited in support of full immersion baptism?
Answer: Being buried and resurrected with Christ
Explanation: The symbolic connection to Christ's death, burial, and resurrection is a primary argument for full immersion baptism.
What does baptism by immersion symbolize for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints?
Answer: Christ's death, burial, and resurrection
Explanation: For The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, baptism by immersion symbolizes Christ's death, burial, and resurrection.
Under the practice of believer's baptism, to whom is the rite administered?
Answer: Individuals who have made a personal confession of faith
Explanation: Believer's baptism is administered to individuals who have made a personal confession of faith.
What is the symbolic significance of full immersion baptism for Seventh-day Adventists?
Answer: Dying to self and coming alive in Jesus
Explanation: For Seventh-day Adventists, full immersion baptism symbolizes the believer's death to their former self and their new life in Christ.
Define the term 'affusion' as it pertains to baptismal practices.
Answer: Pouring water over the candidate's head
Explanation: Affusion refers to the practice of baptism by pouring water over the candidate's head.
What is the symbolic meaning of baptism for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints?
Answer: A representation of Christ's death, burial, and resurrection
Explanation: For The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, baptism by immersion symbolizes Christ's death, burial, and resurrection.
In Anabaptist theology, what is the significance attributed to the 'three witnesses'?
Answer: The Spirit, the water, and the blood
Explanation: In Anabaptist theology, the 'three witnesses' are understood as the Spirit, the water, and the blood.
Does the Didache mandate that baptism must exclusively be performed in running water?
Answer: False
Explanation: The Didache instructs baptism in running water if possible, but allows for alternatives if unavailable, including pouring water on the head.
The archaeological evidence of some early Christian baptismal fonts being too shallow for full submersion suggests what regarding baptismal practices?
Answer: True
Explanation: The shallowness of some early baptismal fonts suggests that practices other than full submersion, such as pouring or partial immersion, may have been employed.
What is the prescribed role of fasting in the baptismal instructions presented in the Didache?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Didache instructs that the baptizer and the candidate should fast for one or two days prior to the baptism.
In situations where running water is unavailable, what alternative baptismal method does the Didache describe?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Didache permits pouring water on the head three times if running water is not available.
The archaeological evidence of some early Christian baptismal fonts being too shallow for full submersion suggests what regarding baptismal practices?
Answer: True
Explanation: The shallowness of some early baptismal fonts suggests that practices other than full submersion, such as pouring or partial immersion, may have been employed.
What is the prescribed role of fasting in the baptismal instructions presented in the Didache?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Didache instructs that the baptizer and the candidate should fast for one or two days prior to the baptism.
In situations where running water is unavailable, what alternative baptismal method does the Didache describe?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Didache permits pouring water on the head three times if running water is not available.
Which early Christian text provides instructions for baptism, permitting alternatives if running water is not accessible?
Answer: The Didache
Explanation: The Didache instructs that if running water is unavailable, baptism may be performed in other water, or by pouring water three times if neither warm nor cold water is available.
What inference can be drawn from the discovery that some early Christian baptismal fonts were too shallow for full submersion?
Answer: Baptism by pouring or partial immersion may have been practiced
Explanation: The shallowness of some early baptismal fonts suggests that practices other than full submersion, such as pouring or partial immersion, may have been employed.
Since 1641, Baptists have mandated baptism by immersion, interpreted as the complete submersion of the individual in water.
Answer: True
Explanation: Baptists have historically required baptism by immersion, understanding it as the total submersion of the person in water.
Does The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints exclusively practice baptism by immersion?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints exclusively practices baptism by immersion.
Do Jehovah's Witnesses consider partial immersion sufficient for baptism?
Answer: False
Explanation: Jehovah's Witnesses consider complete immersion to be necessary for baptism.
Pentecostal denominations, originating in the early 20th century, practice believer's baptism through full immersion.
Answer: True
Explanation: Pentecostal denominations typically practice believer's baptism by full immersion.
The Churches of Christ maintain that baptism must be administered through bodily immersion.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Churches of Christ adhere strictly to baptism by bodily immersion.
For Jehovah's Witnesses, baptism symbolizes dedication to Jehovah God and requires complete immersion.
Answer: True
Explanation: Jehovah's Witnesses view baptism as a symbol of dedication to God and require complete immersion.
Pentecostal denominations, emerging in the early 20th century, practice believer's baptism by full immersion.
Answer: True
Explanation: Pentecostal denominations typically practice believer's baptism by full immersion.
The Churches of Christ believe that baptism must be performed by bodily immersion.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Churches of Christ maintain that baptism must be administered through bodily immersion.
For Jehovah's Witnesses, baptism symbolizes dedication to Jehovah God and requires complete immersion.
Answer: True
Explanation: Jehovah's Witnesses view baptism as a symbol of dedication to God and require complete immersion.
Which denomination, since 1641, has stipulated baptism by immersion, understood as total submersion?
Answer: Baptists
Explanation: Baptists have historically required baptism by immersion, understood as total submersion.
What is the requirement for baptism among Jehovah's Witnesses?
Answer: Complete immersion
Explanation: Jehovah's Witnesses require complete immersion for baptism.
By what method do Pentecostal denominations typically practice believer's baptism?
Answer: Full immersion
Explanation: Pentecostal denominations typically practice believer's baptism by full immersion.
What is the significance of baptism for Jehovah's Witnesses?
Answer: A symbol of dedication to Jehovah God
Explanation: Jehovah's Witnesses view baptism as a symbol of dedication to God and require complete immersion.
Is baptism by sprinkling considered the normative practice within the Eastern Orthodox Church?
Answer: False
Explanation: The Eastern Orthodox Church traditionally practices baptism by triple immersion, not sprinkling.
Do Anabaptists exclusively practice baptism by pouring?
Answer: False
Explanation: While many Anabaptist groups practice baptism by pouring, some, like the Schwarzenau Brethren, practice immersion.
Does the term 'Anabaptist' signify 'one who baptizes infants'?
Answer: False
Explanation: The term 'Anabaptist' means 're-baptizer', referring to groups who practiced baptism on those already baptized as infants.
For Anabaptists, what does baptism signify regarding their covenant and mission?
Answer: True
Explanation: For Anabaptists, baptism signifies entering into a covenant with God and undertaking a mission to witness to the world.
Is baptism traditionally performed by a single immersion in the Eastern Orthodox Church?
Answer: False
Explanation: Eastern Orthodox baptism is traditionally performed by triple immersion.
Does the Community of Christ practice baptism by pouring?
Answer: False
Explanation: The Community of Christ practices baptism by submersion.
For what reason do the Schwarzenau Brethren practice trine immersion forward?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Schwarzenau Brethren practice trine immersion forward as a representation of Christ's three days in the tomb.
Does the Syro-Malabar Church, part of the Saint Thomas Christians tradition, exclusively practice immersion baptism?
Answer: False
Explanation: The Syro-Malabar Church practices immersion, but also currently practices pouring alongside it.
How is Roman Catholic baptism most expressively performed, and what other ancient practice exists?
Answer: True
Explanation: Roman Catholic baptism is most expressively performed by triple immersion, though pouring water three times is also an ancient practice.
Was the term 'Anabaptist' applied to groups that rejected baptism entirely?
Answer: False
Explanation: The term 'Anabaptist' was applied to groups who practiced 're-baptism', meaning they baptized individuals already baptized as infants.
What does the Schwarzenau Brethren's practice of trine immersion forward symbolize?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Schwarzenau Brethren practice trine immersion forward to symbolize the death of the old, sinful self.
Does the Syro-Malabar Church, part of the Saint Thomas Christians tradition, practice pouring in addition to immersion?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Syro-Malabar Church currently practices pouring alongside its traditional immersion baptism.
According to the Roman Catholic Church's Catechism, by what method is baptism most expressively performed?
Answer: False
Explanation: The Catechism states that baptism is most expressively performed by triple immersion.
For Anabaptists, what does baptism signify regarding their covenant and mission?
Answer: True
Explanation: For Anabaptists, baptism signifies entering into a covenant with God and undertaking a mission to witness to the world.
Is baptism traditionally performed by a single immersion in the Eastern Orthodox Church?
Answer: False
Explanation: Eastern Orthodox baptism is traditionally performed by triple immersion.
Does the Community of Christ practice baptism by pouring?
Answer: False
Explanation: The Community of Christ practices baptism by submersion.
For what reason do the Schwarzenau Brethren practice trine immersion forward?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Schwarzenau Brethren practice trine immersion forward as a representation of Christ's three days in the tomb.
Does the Syro-Malabar Church, part of the Saint Thomas Christians tradition, practice pouring in addition to immersion?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Syro-Malabar Church practices immersion, but also currently practices pouring alongside it.
How is Roman Catholic baptism most expressively performed, and what other ancient practice exists?
Answer: True
Explanation: Roman Catholic baptism is most expressively performed by triple immersion, though pouring water three times is also an ancient practice.
Was the term 'Anabaptist' applied to groups that rejected baptism entirely?
Answer: False
Explanation: The term 'Anabaptist' was applied to groups who practiced 're-baptism', meaning they baptized individuals already baptized as infants.
What does the Schwarzenau Brethren's practice of trine immersion forward symbolize?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Schwarzenau Brethren practice trine immersion forward to symbolize the death of the old, sinful self.
Does the Syro-Malabar Church, part of the Saint Thomas Christians tradition, practice pouring in addition to immersion?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Syro-Malabar Church practices immersion, but also currently practices pouring alongside it.
According to the Roman Catholic Church's Catechism, by what method is baptism most expressively performed?
Answer: False
Explanation: The Catechism states that baptism is most expressively performed by triple immersion.
How do Eastern Orthodox Christians typically practice baptism?
Answer: By immersion, typically with three immersions
Explanation: Eastern Orthodox tradition typically involves triple immersion.
What is the normative mode of baptism for many Anabaptist groups, although some use immersion?
Answer: Pouring
Explanation: Pouring is the normative mode for many Anabaptist groups, though immersion is also practiced by some.
The term 'Anabaptist' historically refers to groups who:
Answer: Were re-baptizers
Explanation: The term 'Anabaptist' means 're-baptizer', referring to groups who practiced baptism on those already baptized as infants.
Beyond a public confession of obedience, what else does baptism signify for Anabaptists?
Answer: A mission to witness to the world
Explanation: For Anabaptists, baptism signifies entering into a covenant with God and undertaking a mission to witness to the world.
How is baptism traditionally administered in the Eastern Orthodox Church?
Answer: By triple immersion
Explanation: Eastern Orthodox tradition typically involves triple immersion.
By what method does the Community of Christ practice baptism?
Answer: Submersion
Explanation: The Community of Christ practices baptism by submersion.
What does the Schwarzenau Brethren's practice of trine immersion forward symbolize?
Answer: The three days of Christ's burial
Explanation: The Schwarzenau Brethren practice trine immersion forward to symbolize the three days of Christ's burial.
The Roman Catholic Church's Catechism states that baptism is most expressively performed by:
Answer: Triple immersion
Explanation: The Roman Catholic Church's Catechism states that baptism is most expressively performed by triple immersion.
Do Mandaeans consider any water source suitable for baptism as 'living water'?
Answer: False
Explanation: For Mandaeans, 'living water' specifically refers to fresh, natural, flowing water, which is essential for their baptismal rites.
Does Mandaean baptism, or 'masbuta', involve a single immersion?
Answer: False
Explanation: Mandaean baptism, 'masbuta', involves triple immersion, triple signing, and triple drinking of water.
In Judaism, for what purposes is immersion utilized, and what is the term for the ritual bath?
Answer: True
Explanation: In Judaism, immersion is used for ritual cleansing and as a rite of passage for converts, and the ritual bath is called a 'mikveh'.
According to some scholarly interpretations, what does the 'Sethian Five Seals' ritual entail?
Answer: True
Explanation: Some scholars interpret the Sethian Five Seals ritual as involving five ritual immersions in water.
In Judaism, where does immersion for ritual cleansing and conversion take place?
Answer: True
Explanation: In Judaism, immersion for ritual cleansing and converts occurs in a ritual bath known as a 'mikveh'.
What is the meaning of 'masbuta' within the Mandaean tradition?
Answer: False
Explanation: 'Masbuta' is the Mandaean term for baptism, signifying a ritual of purification, not initiation.
According to some scholarly interpretations, what does the 'Sethian Five Seals' ritual entail?
Answer: True
Explanation: Some scholars interpret the Sethian Five Seals ritual as involving five ritual immersions in water.
In Judaism, where does immersion for ritual cleansing and conversion take place?
Answer: True
Explanation: In Judaism, immersion for ritual cleansing and converts occurs in a ritual bath known as a 'mikveh'.
What is the meaning of 'masbuta' within the Mandaean tradition?
Answer: False
Explanation: 'Masbuta' is the Mandaean term for baptism, signifying a ritual of purification, not initiation.
What specific type of water is required for Mandaean baptism?
Answer: Living water (fresh, natural, flowing)
Explanation: Mandaean baptism requires 'living water', defined as fresh, natural, and flowing water.
What is the Mandaean term for their baptismal rite?
Answer: Masbuta
Explanation: The Mandaean term for baptism is 'masbuta'.
In Judaism, where does immersion for ritual cleansing and conversion take place?
Answer: Mikveh
Explanation: In Judaism, immersion for ritual cleansing and converts occurs in a ritual bath called a 'mikveh'.
According to some scholarly interpretations, what does the 'Sethian Five Seals' ritual entail?
Answer: Five ritual immersions in water
Explanation: Some scholars interpret the Sethian Five Seals ritual as involving five ritual immersions in water.
What does the term 'masbuta' signify in Mandaean tradition?
Answer: A ritual of purification
Explanation: 'Masbuta' is the Mandaean term for baptism, signifying a ritual of purification.
Is there a general scholarly consensus that early Christianity exclusively practiced baptism by immersion?
Answer: False
Explanation: While many scholars agree immersion was the norm, evidence suggests other modes like affusion were also practiced in early Christianity.
Did John Calvin consider the specific mode of baptism essential for its validity?
Answer: False
Explanation: John Calvin believed immersion was the original mode but considered the specific mode non-essential, allowing liberty in practice.
Does the 1689 Baptist Catechism state that baptism is rightly administered by pouring water on the head?
Answer: False
Explanation: The 1689 Baptist Catechism states that baptism is rightly administered by immersion, not pouring.
Does the account in Acts 8:36-39 explicitly state that Philip and the eunuch were fully submerged in water?
Answer: False
Explanation: The text states they went 'into the water' and 'came up out of it', which is often interpreted as immersion, but not explicitly stated as full submersion.
Do major Protestant denominations such as Anglicans and Lutherans consider total immersion the sole valid mode of baptism?
Answer: False
Explanation: Major Protestant groups like Anglicans and Lutherans consider immersion optional, not the only valid mode.
Does the Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church assert that early baptism was administered exclusively by total submersion?
Answer: False
Explanation: The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church indicates that early baptism involved partial submersion with pouring, distinguishing it from total submersion.
Do Baptists believe that baptism is primarily an act of the believer, thereby rendering the mode of baptism less significant?
Answer: False
Explanation: Baptists view baptism as an act of the believer, but they consider the mode (immersion) highly significant, not less relevant.
Does the Greek preposition 'eis', when translated as 'into' in baptismal contexts, exclusively mandate submersion?
Answer: False
Explanation: The preposition 'eis' has varied meanings, and its use in baptismal contexts does not exclusively mandate submersion.
What is the central focus of the historical debate concerning early Christian baptism?
Answer: True
Explanation: The historical debate primarily centers on whether immersion was the exclusive mode of baptism practiced in the early Christian centuries.
Do the Churches of Christ consider pouring and sprinkling to be the primary and historical modes of baptism?
Answer: False
Explanation: The Churches of Christ view immersion as the primary and historical mode, considering pouring and sprinkling as later developments.
According to Gregory S. Neal, what is the principal divergence in baptismal understanding between Baptists and denominations like Methodists?
Answer: True
Explanation: Neal identifies the core difference as Baptists emphasizing baptism as the believer's act versus Methodists viewing it as God's act of imparting grace.
Does the Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church differentiate between early 'immersion' and 'submersion'?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church distinguishes early 'immersion' (partial submersion with pouring) from 'submersion' (total immersion).
Do major Protestant groups like Anglicans, Lutherans, and Methodists consider baptism by total or partial immersion to be the sole valid mode?
Answer: False
Explanation: These denominations consider immersion optional, not the exclusive valid mode.
Does the Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church assert that early baptism was administered exclusively by total submersion?
Answer: False
Explanation: The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church indicates that early baptism involved partial submersion with pouring, distinguishing it from total submersion.
Do Baptists believe that baptism is primarily an act of the believer, thereby rendering the mode of baptism less significant?
Answer: False
Explanation: Baptists view baptism as an act of the believer, but they consider the mode (immersion) highly significant, not less relevant.
Does the Greek preposition 'eis', when translated as 'into' in baptismal contexts, exclusively mandate submersion?
Answer: False
Explanation: The preposition 'eis' has varied meanings, and its use in baptismal contexts does not exclusively mandate submersion.
What is the central focus of the historical debate concerning early Christian baptism?
Answer: True
Explanation: The historical debate primarily centers on whether immersion was the exclusive mode of baptism practiced in the early Christian centuries.
Do the Churches of Christ consider pouring and sprinkling to be the primary and historical modes of baptism?
Answer: False
Explanation: The Churches of Christ view immersion as the primary and historical mode, considering pouring and sprinkling as later developments.
According to Gregory S. Neal, what is the principal divergence in baptismal understanding between Baptists and denominations like Methodists?
Answer: True
Explanation: Neal identifies the core difference as Baptists emphasizing baptism as the believer's act versus Methodists viewing it as God's act of imparting grace.
Does the Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church differentiate between early 'immersion' and 'submersion'?
Answer: True
Explanation: The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church distinguishes early 'immersion' (partial submersion with pouring) from 'submersion' (total immersion).
What criticism is leveled against the assertion that only total immersion constitutes valid baptism?
Answer: The use of 'baptizo' in contexts like washing hands may imply partial washing.
Explanation: Criticisms include the varied usage of 'baptizo' and the interpretation of biblical passages that do not explicitly mandate total submersion.
What was John Calvin's belief regarding the mode of baptism?
Answer: Not essential, allowing liberty in practice
Explanation: John Calvin believed immersion was the original mode but considered the specific mode non-essential, allowing liberty in practice.
According to the 1689 Baptist Catechism, what is the prescribed method for administering baptism?
Answer: By immersion, or dipping the whole body
Explanation: The 1689 Baptist Catechism states that baptism is rightly administered by immersion, or dipping the whole body.
What practice is often cited as evidence based on the description of Philip and the Ethiopian eunuch going 'into the water' and 'coming up out of it'?
Answer: Immersion
Explanation: The description in Acts 8:38-39 is frequently cited as evidence for immersion.
Which of the following is not presented as a basis for the Churches of Christ's practice of baptism by immersion?
Answer: The practice of John Calvin
Explanation: The Churches of Christ base their practice on the Greek meaning of 'baptizo', the symbolism of Christ's death and resurrection, and early church history, not John Calvin's views.
How do major Protestant groups like Anglicans, Lutherans, and Methodists regard baptism by total or partial immersion?
Answer: Optional
Explanation: These denominations consider immersion optional, not the exclusive valid mode.
What information does the Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church provide regarding early baptismal methods?
Answer: Immersion involved partial submersion with pouring.
Explanation: The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church indicates that early baptism involved partial submersion with pouring, distinguishing it from total submersion.
According to Gregory S. Neal, what is the primary difference in baptismal understanding between Baptists and groups like Methodists?
Answer: God's act versus the believer's act
Explanation: Neal identifies the core difference as Baptists emphasizing baptism as the believer's act versus Methodists viewing it as God's act of imparting grace.
What is the primary focus of the historical debate surrounding early Christian baptism?
Answer: The exclusivity and prevalence of different modes
Explanation: The historical debate primarily centers on whether immersion was the exclusive mode of baptism practiced in the early Christian centuries.
What criticism is raised concerning the interpretation of Acts 8:38-39 in relation to baptism?
Answer: The phrases 'going down into' and 'coming up out of' may not mean full submersion.
Explanation: Criticisms include the interpretation of phrases like 'going down into' and 'coming up out of' water, which may not strictly imply full submersion.