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The Indian Police Service (IPS) was established in 1948, preceding India's republican status by two years, as a replacement for the Indian Imperial Police.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Indian Police Service (IPS) was formally established on January 26, 1950, replacing the Indian Imperial Police. While the Indian Imperial Police was replaced in 1948, the IPS itself was constituted in 1950.
The Indian Councils Act of 1861 played a pivotal role in establishing the Indian Imperial Police, the direct precursor to the contemporary Indian Police Service.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Indian Councils Act of 1861 laid the foundation for a professional police bureaucracy in India, establishing the Superior Police Services which later became the Indian Imperial Police.
Before the 1902-1903 police commission's recommendations, Indians were eligible for officer positions within the Indian Imperial Police.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 1902-1903 police commission recommended the appointment of Indians as officers; previously, Indians could only attain the rank of inspector and were not part of the Indian Imperial Police.
After 1920, the entrance examination for the Indian Imperial Police was exclusively administered in England, thereby restricting opportunities for Indian candidates.
Answer: False
Explanation: From 1920 onward, the entrance examination for the Indian Imperial Police was conducted in both India and England, not exclusively in England.
The Indian Police Service is formally constituted under Article 312(2), XIV of the Constitution of India.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Indian Police Service was formally created under Article 312(2), XIV of the Constitution of India, which provides for All India Services.
The First Police Commission, established in 1865, defined the police as a governmental department tasked with enforcing the law, maintaining order, and detecting and preventing crime.
Answer: True
Explanation: The First Police Commission, appointed on August 17, 1865, defined the police as a governmental department responsible for these specific functions.
The 1937 warrant of precedence equated the highest provincial rank in the Indian Imperial Police, the Inspector General, to that of a Major General in the Indian Armed Forces.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 1937 warrant of precedence equated the Inspector General to that of a Brigadier in the Indian Armed Forces, not a Major General.
When was the Indian Police Service (IPS) formally established?
Answer: 1950, replacing the Indian Imperial Police
Explanation: The Indian Police Service was formally established on January 26, 1950, replacing the Indian Imperial Police.
What was the highest rank in the Indian Imperial Police for each province, and what was its military equivalent in 1937?
Answer: Inspector General, equivalent to Brigadier
Explanation: The highest rank in the Indian Imperial Police for each province was the Inspector General, which was equated to a Brigadier in the Indian Armed Forces as per a 1937 warrant of precedence.
What significant reform did the police commission of 1902-1903 recommend regarding Indians in the police service?
Answer: Appointing Indians as officers in the police
Explanation: The police commission of 1902-1903 recommended the appointment of Indians as officers in the police, a position they were previously excluded from.
Under which constitutional article was the Indian Police Service formally created?
Answer: Article 312(2), XIV
Explanation: The Indian Police Service was formally constituted under Article 312(2), XIV of the Constitution of India.
What was the primary responsibility defined for the police by the First Police Commission appointed in 1865?
Answer: Enforcing the law, maintaining order, and detecting and preventing crime
Explanation: The First Police Commission in 1865 defined the police's primary responsibility as enforcing the law, maintaining order, and detecting and preventing crime.
IPS officers are primarily recruited through the Civil Services Examination administered by the Staff Selection Commission (SSC).
Answer: False
Explanation: IPS officers are primarily recruited through the Civil Services Examination conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC), not the Staff Selection Commission (SSC).
Upon completing their training, IPS probationers at the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy in Hyderabad are awarded a master's degree in public administration.
Answer: False
Explanation: IPS probationers are awarded a Master's degree in Criminal Justice Management from NALSAR University of Law, not a master's degree in public administration.
IPS officers are expected to cultivate values such as integrity, sensitivity to public aspirations, and respect for human rights within the police forces they command.
Answer: True
Explanation: IPS officers are expected to instill values including integrity, sensitivity to people's aspirations, respect for human rights, and a high standard of professionalism in their forces.
A core objective of an IPS officer involves engagement in counterterrorism and border policing.
Answer: True
Explanation: The current objectives of an IPS officer include engaging in counterterrorism and border policing, among other duties.
IPS officers lead and command Indian Intelligence Agencies, including the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW) and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
Answer: True
Explanation: IPS officers lead and command Indian Intelligence Agencies such as the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW) and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
Which of the following services is NOT part of the All India Services along with the IPS?
Answer: Indian Revenue Service (IRS)
Explanation: The All India Services include the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), the Indian Forest Service (IFS), and the Indian Police Service (IPS). The Indian Revenue Service (IRS) is not listed as part of the All India Services.
Which of the following is NOT a core objective or function of an IPS officer today, according to the source?
Answer: Managing national economic policy
Explanation: The core objectives of an IPS officer include VIP security, counterterrorism, and crime prevention and investigation, but not managing national economic policy.
Where do IPS officer recruits receive their training?
Answer: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy, Hyderabad
Explanation: IPS officer recruits receive their training at the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy in Hyderabad.
Which of the following Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) is NOT explicitly mentioned as being led and commanded by IPS officers in the source?
Answer: Railway Protection Force (RPF)
Explanation: The source explicitly mentions IPS officers leading BSF, CRPF, CISF, ITBP, NSG, NCB, NDRF, IB, R&AW, SPG, NIA, and CBI, but not the Railway Protection Force (RPF).
What academic degree are IPS probationers awarded after completing their training at the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy?
Answer: Master's in Criminal Justice Management
Explanation: IPS probationers are awarded a Master's degree in Criminal Justice Management from NALSAR University of Law after completing their training at the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy.
The authorized cadre strength of the Indian Police Service is 3270 members, consisting solely of Direct Recruitment Posts.
Answer: False
Explanation: The authorized cadre strength is 4920 members, comprising 3270 Direct Recruitment Posts and 1650 Promotional Posts, not exclusively Direct Recruitment Posts.
The new cadre allocation policy, introduced in August 2017, seeks to decentralize the bureaucracy and grant states greater autonomy in IPS officer postings.
Answer: False
Explanation: The new cadre allocation policy aims to ensure the national integration of the bureaucracy and maintain the All-India character of the services, not to decentralize or give states more control.
Under the new cadre allocation policy, candidates initially specify their preferred cadres, followed by their preferred zones.
Answer: False
Explanation: Under the new policy, candidates first provide their choice of zones in descending order of preference, and then indicate one cadre preference from each preferred zone.
Prior to 2008, IPS officers were assigned to various states according to an alphabetical roster, without a candidate preference system.
Answer: True
Explanation: Before 2008, there was no system for candidates to prefer a state cadre; officers were allotted to different states in alphabetical order of a roster.
The standard uniform color for IPS officers is blue, symbolizing their function in upholding law and order.
Answer: False
Explanation: The standard uniform color for IPS officers is khaki, not blue.
An IPS officer typically qualifies for promotion to Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP) after approximately 5 years of service.
Answer: False
Explanation: IPS officers become eligible for promotion to Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP) after approximately 13 years of service, not 5 years.
The Apex scale (pay level 17) represents the highest pay level for IPS officers, with a basic monthly remuneration of ₹225,000.
Answer: True
Explanation: The highest pay level for IPS officers is indeed the Apex scale (pay level 17), with a basic monthly pay of ₹225,000.
The military equivalent rank for an IPS Director General of Police (Head of Police Force) is Major General in the Indian Army.
Answer: False
Explanation: The military equivalent rank for an IPS Director General of Police (Head of Police Force) is Lieutenant General in the Indian Army, not Major General.
The cadre allocation policy in effect from 2008 to 2017 maintained a 1:2 'insider-outsider ratio' influenced by candidate preferences for state cadres.
Answer: True
Explanation: From 2008 to 2017, IPS officers were allotted to state cadres with a 1:2 'insider-outsider ratio' maintained based on candidate preference.
What is the authorized cadre strength of the Indian Police Service?
Answer: 4920 members
Explanation: The authorized cadre strength of the Indian Police Service is 4920 members, comprising both Direct Recruitment and Promotional Posts.
What is the primary aim of the new cadre allocation policy for All India Services announced in August 2017?
Answer: To ensure the national integration of the bureaucracy
Explanation: The new cadre allocation policy, announced in August 2017, aims to ensure the national integration of the bureaucracy and maintain the All-India character of the services.
Which of the following zones includes Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Odisha under the new cadre allocation policy?
Answer: Zone-II
Explanation: Under the new cadre allocation policy, Zone-II includes Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Odisha.
What was the method of IPS officer allotment to state cadres before 2008?
Answer: In alphabetical order of a roster without candidate preference
Explanation: Before 2008, IPS officers were allotted to different states in alphabetical order of a roster, without candidates having a preference system.
What is the standard uniform color for IPS officers?
Answer: Khaki
Explanation: The standard uniform color for IPS officers is khaki.
Approximately how many years of service does an IPS officer need to be eligible for promotion to Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP)?
Answer: 13 years
Explanation: An IPS officer becomes eligible for promotion to Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP) after approximately 13 years of service.
What is the basic monthly pay for IPS officers at the Apex scale (pay level 17)?
Answer: ₹225,000
Explanation: The basic monthly pay for IPS officers at the Apex scale (pay level 17) is ₹225,000.
Which military rank is equivalent to an IPS Director General of Police (Head of Police Force)?
Answer: Lieutenant General
Explanation: The military equivalent rank for an IPS Director General of Police (Head of Police Force) is Lieutenant General in the Indian Army.
What is the military equivalent rank for an IPS Inspector General of Police (pay level 14)?
Answer: Major General
Explanation: The military equivalent rank for an IPS Inspector General of Police (pay level 14) is Major General in the Indian Army.
What was the 'insider-outsider ratio' maintained for IPS officer allotment to state cadres between 2008 and 2017?
Answer: 1:2
Explanation: Between 2008 and 2017, a 1:2 'insider-outsider ratio' was maintained for IPS officer allotment to state cadres based on candidate preference.
Which of the following positions can an IPS officer hold at the Apex scale (pay level 17) in the Union Government?
Answer: Director of the Intelligence Bureau (IB)
Explanation: At the Apex scale, an IPS officer can hold positions such as Director of the Intelligence Bureau (IB) in the Union Government.
What is the military equivalent rank for an IPS Assistant Superintendent of Police (Junior time scale, pay level 10)?
Answer: Captain in the Indian Army
Explanation: The military equivalent rank for an IPS Assistant Superintendent of Police (Junior time scale, pay level 10) is Captain in the Indian Army.
The current strength of IPS officers in India substantially surpasses the sanctioned strength, resulting in an oversupply of personnel.
Answer: False
Explanation: Media reports indicate a significant shortage of IPS officers in India, amounting to nearly 19% to 22% of the sanctioned strength, not an oversupply.
India's police forces are predominantly governed by a modern police law enacted in 2010, superseding the colonial 1861 Act.
Answer: False
Explanation: India's police continue to be governed by a colonial police law passed in 1861, which most state governments adopted without significant changes, leading to an outdated legal framework.
The 2008 Mumbai attacks were identified as an event that underscored the police's inability to uphold the rule of law, thereby intensifying demands for reform.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 2008 Mumbai attacks, among other major incidents, revealed the police's failure to uphold the rule of law, intensifying calls for reform.
The National Police Commission (1977-81) was the inaugural committee formed by the Government of India to report on policing, and it subsequently produced a Model Police Act.
Answer: True
Explanation: The National Police Commission (1977-81) was indeed the first committee established by the Government of India to report on policing, and it produced eight reports, including a Model Police Act.
The Soli Sorabjee Committee (2005) primarily focused on reviewing the recommendations of the Malimath Committee Report.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Soli Sorabjee Committee (2005) was tasked with drafting a new police act for India, not primarily reviewing the Malimath Committee Report.
The Supreme Court's 2006 directives for police reform stipulated that mid- or high-ranking police officers should not be transferred more frequently than every two years.
Answer: True
Explanation: Among its 2006 reforms, the Supreme Court ordered that mid- or high-ranking police officers should not be transferred more frequently than every two years to professionalize the police force.
Political interference in the police force is predominantly a concern for lower-ranking officers, given that senior IPS officers are largely impervious to such pressures.
Answer: False
Explanation: Political interference can lead to senior IPS officers surrendering their authority by complying with politicians' requests, indicating they are not immune to such pressures.
'VIP Culture' within the IPS results in a more efficient allocation of police resources by prioritizing high-profile security requirements.
Answer: False
Explanation: VIP culture leads to the diversion of police resources and manpower for personal security and escort duties for VIPs, often at the expense of general law enforcement and public service, not more efficient allocation.
In 2019, the Ministry of Home Affairs officially recognized the IPS (Central) Association, thereby granting police forces the right to establish associations.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 2019, the Ministry of Home Affairs stated that it had never recognized or approved the formation of the IPS (Central) Association, clarifying that police forces do not have the right to form associations without explicit government permission.
India's police-to-population ratio of 153 personnel per 100,000 citizens satisfies the United Nations' minimum requirement.
Answer: False
Explanation: India's police-to-population ratio of 153 personnel per 100,000 citizens is significantly less than the United Nations' minimum requirement of 222.
In May 2022, the Mumbai Police instituted an 8-hour shift system for constable-rank officers to mitigate overworking.
Answer: True
Explanation: In May 2022, the Mumbai Police implemented an 8-hour shift system for constable rank officers and assistant sub-inspectors to provide adequate rest and address overworking.
The Malimath Committee Report (2003) primarily addressed the administrative structure of the police, rather than its function within criminal justice.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Malimath Committee Report (2003) emphasized that the success of the Criminal Justice Administration process was entirely dependent on the proper functioning of the police organization, particularly during the investigation stage, highlighting its role in criminal justice.
Prakash Singh's Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in 1996 was pivotal in compelling the Supreme Court to issue substantial directives on police reform.
Answer: True
Explanation: Prakash Singh's PIL in 1996 sought court intervention to reform police forces, ultimately leading to significant Supreme Court directives on police reform.
The police-to-population ratio in India currently exceeds the sanctioned strength but remains below the UN's minimum requirement.
Answer: False
Explanation: India's police-to-population ratio is below the sanctioned strength of 196 personnel per 100,000 citizens, and also below the UN's minimum requirement of 222.
In May 2023, the Delhi High Court directed senior officers to implement improved working conditions, including fixed working hours, for constables.
Answer: True
Explanation: Following a 2015 lawsuit, the Delhi High Court ordered senior officers in May 2023 to implement better working conditions, including fixed working hours, for constables.
What is the reported percentage range of shortage of IPS officers in India?
Answer: 19% to 22%
Explanation: Media reports indicate a shortage of IPS officers in India amounting to nearly 19% to 22% of the sanctioned strength.
What is the primary issue with India's police laws today?
Answer: They are based on a colonial law from 1861 and are outdated.
Explanation: India's police continue to be governed by a colonial police law passed in 1861, leading to an outdated and old-fashioned legal framework.
What was the main output of the National Police Commission (1977-81)?
Answer: Eight reports, including a Model Police Act
Explanation: The National Police Commission (1977-81) produced eight reports, including a Model Police Act.
What was the primary task of the Soli Sorabjee Committee (2005)?
Answer: To draft a new police act for India
Explanation: The Soli Sorabjee Committee (2005) was tasked with drafting a new police act for India.
Which of the following was NOT a key reform ordered by the Supreme Court in 2006 to professionalize the police force?
Answer: Mandatory military training for all police recruits.
Explanation: The Supreme Court's 2006 directives included transfer restrictions, limitations on state government influence, and the creation of new authorities, but not mandatory military training for all police recruits.
What is a significant consequence of political interference in the police force?
Answer: Investigations in sensitive cases being based on political interests rather than facts.
Explanation: Political interference can cause crime investigations in sensitive cases to be based on political interests rather than facts and law, undermining the integrity of the police force.
What does 'VIP Culture' in the Indian Police Service primarily lead to?
Answer: Diversion of police resources for personal security of powerful individuals.
Explanation: VIP culture in the IPS leads to the diversion of police resources and manpower for personal security and escort duties for VIPs, often at the expense of general law enforcement and public service.
What was the Supreme Court's directive regarding 'moral policing' in December 2022?
Answer: To cease all moral policing activities nationwide.
Explanation: In December 2022, the Supreme Court issued a nationwide order directing all police departments to cease moral policing activities.
What was the Ministry of Home Affairs' position on the IPS (Central) Association in 2019?
Answer: It stated that it had never recognized or approved the association.
Explanation: In 2019, the Ministry of Home Affairs stated that it had never recognized or approved the formation of the IPS (Central) Association.
What is India's police-to-population ratio as of March 2023?
Answer: 153 personnel per 100,000 citizens
Explanation: As of March 2023, India's police-to-population ratio is 153 personnel per 100,000 citizens.
What was the context in which the National Police Commission (1977-81) was established?
Answer: In the context of post-Emergency India.
Explanation: The National Police Commission (1977-81) was established in the context of post-Emergency India.
What was the primary reason for the formation of the Ribeiro Committee (1998-99)?
Answer: To review the recommendations of the National Police Commission.
Explanation: The Ribeiro Committee (1998-99) was formed to review the recommendations of the National Police Commission, following a Public Interest Litigation in the Supreme Court.
What is 'custodial torture' in the context of police misconduct in India?
Answer: The physical or mental abuse of individuals while they are in police custody.
Explanation: Custodial torture refers to the physical or mental abuse of individuals while they are in police custody.
Kiran Bedi was the first woman Indian Police Service officer, commencing her service in 1972.
Answer: True
Explanation: Kiran Bedi became the first woman Indian Police Service officer in 1972, joining the AGMUT Cadre.
Ajit Doval, the incumbent National Security Advisor, was awarded the Ashok Chakra for his actions as an IPS officer during Operation Black Thunder.
Answer: False
Explanation: Ajit Doval received the Kirti Chakra for his actions during Operation Black Thunder, not the Ashok Chakra.
Which gallantry award did Ajit Doval, a notable IPS officer, receive for his actions during Operation Black Thunder?
Answer: Kirti Chakra
Explanation: Ajit Doval, a distinguished IPS officer, was awarded the Kirti Chakra for his courageous actions during Operation Black Thunder.
Who was the first woman Indian Police Service officer?
Answer: Kiran Bedi
Explanation: Kiran Bedi became the first woman Indian Police Service officer in 1972.