Enter a player name to begin or load your saved progress.
Jozef Cleber composed the original music and lyrics for 'Indonesia Raya' in 1924.
Answer: False
Explanation: Wage Rudolf Supratman composed the original music and lyrics for 'Indonesia Raya' in 1924, establishing the anthem's foundational elements, not Jozef Cleber.
Wage Rudolf Supratman first introduced 'Indonesia Raya' on October 28, 1928, during the Youth Pledge event held in Jakarta.
Answer: True
Explanation: Wage Rudolf Supratman premiered 'Indonesia Raya' on October 28, 1928, at the Youth Pledge event in Jakarta, a critical juncture for Indonesian nationalism.
Wage Rudolf Soepratman was inspired to compose a national anthem after reading an essay in *Timbul* magazine.
Answer: True
Explanation: Wage Rudolf Soepratman was motivated to compose a national anthem after encountering an essay in *Timbul* magazine that challenged Indonesian music professionals to create such a piece.
Soepratman completed the initial version of his song, originally titled 'Indonesia Raya', in Jakarta in 1924.
Answer: False
Explanation: Soepratman completed the preliminary version of his song, originally titled 'Indonesia', in Bandung in 1924, not Jakarta, and it was not yet titled 'Indonesia Raya'.
The primary objective of the first Indonesian Youth Congress in 1928 was to promote cultural exchange among youth groups.
Answer: False
Explanation: The primary objective of the first Indonesian Youth Congress in 1928 was to advocate for the independence of the Indonesian nation, uniting youth towards a shared goal, not primarily cultural exchange.
Soepratman first performed his song 'Indonesia' publicly with a full orchestra during the Second Indonesian Youth Congress.
Answer: False
Explanation: Soepratman first performed his composition 'Indonesia' on the violin during the Second Indonesian Youth Congress, not with a full orchestra.
Who composed the music and original lyrics for 'Indonesia Raya'?
Answer: Wage Rudolf Supratman
Explanation: Wage Rudolf Supratman composed both the music and original lyrics for 'Indonesia Raya' in 1924, establishing the foundational elements of the anthem.
At what significant event was 'Indonesia Raya' first introduced on October 28, 1928?
Answer: The Youth Pledge event
Explanation: Wage Rudolf Supratman premiered 'Indonesia Raya' on October 28, 1928, at the Youth Pledge event in Jakarta, a critical juncture for Indonesian nationalism.
What inspired Wage Rudolf Soepratman to compose a national anthem?
Answer: An essay in *Timbul* magazine
Explanation: Wage Rudolf Soepratman was motivated to compose a national anthem after encountering an essay in *Timbul* magazine that challenged Indonesian music experts to create such a piece.
What was the original title of Soepratman's song completed in Bandung in 1924?
Answer: Indonesia
Explanation: Soepratman completed the preliminary version of his song in 1924, and it was originally titled 'Indonesia'.
What was the primary objective of the first Indonesian Youth Congress in 1928?
Answer: To advocate for Indonesian independence
Explanation: The primary objective of the first Indonesian Youth Congress in 1928 was to function as a formal assembly dedicated to advocating for the independence of the Indonesian nation.
When and how did Soepratman first perform 'Indonesia' for the Youth Congress attendees?
Answer: On October 28, 1928, on the violin
Explanation: Soepratman first performed his composition 'Indonesia' on the violin on October 28, 1928, during the Second Indonesian Youth Congress.
The Chinese Indonesian weekly newspaper *Sin Po* was the first to openly publish the musical notation and lyrics of 'Indonesia Raya'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Chinese Indonesian weekly newspaper *Sin Po* was indeed the first to openly publish the musical notation and lyrics of 'Indonesia Raya', an act of defiance against Dutch colonial authorities.
The organizers of the Youth Congress requested Wage Rudolf Soepratman not to publish his story to avoid suspicion from Dutch colonial authorities.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Youth Congress organizers urged Wage Rudolf Soepratman not to publish his narrative to avert suspicion from Dutch colonial authorities, thereby safeguarding the event from prohibition.
After its first performance, Soepratman immediately distributed the script of his song to all attendees.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following its initial performance, Soepratman retained the manuscript of his song, deeming the political climate unsuitable for its public announcement at that time.
Following the Second Youth Congress, the text of 'Indonesia' was distributed by numerous political and student organizations and the press.
Answer: True
Explanation: Subsequent to the Second Youth Congress, the text of 'Indonesia' was widely circulated by various political and student organizations, and also by the press.
Wage Rudolf Supratman changed the title of his song to 'Indonesia Raya' in 1929, appending the phrase 'national anthem of Indonesia' below it.
Answer: True
Explanation: In 1929, Wage Rudolf Supratman retitled his song 'Indonesia Raya' and added the phrase 'national anthem of Indonesia' beneath it, though the lyrical content remained unaltered.
Soepratman relied solely on newspapers for the distribution of 'Indonesia Raya' with its new title.
Answer: False
Explanation: Soepratman personally printed and disseminated copies of 'Indonesia Raya' with its new title via pamphlets, selling them to friends and family, in addition to press coverage.
Tio Tek Hong was a prominent Indonesian businessman who agreed with Supratman to issue the first records of the anthem.
Answer: True
Explanation: Tio Tek Hong, a notable Indonesian businessman and record executive, collaborated with Supratman to produce the anthem's inaugural recordings.
The Dutch colonial authorities initially encouraged the spread of 'Indonesia Raya' as a cultural piece.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 1930, Dutch colonial authorities prohibited 'Indonesia Raya' and seized all unsold recordings, demonstrating their suppression of nationalist sentiments, not encouragement.
Yo Kim Tjan, a businessman friend of Soepratman, attempted to record 'Indonesia Raya' overseas to achieve the best sound quality.
Answer: True
Explanation: Yo Kim Tjan, a business associate of Soepratman, sought to record 'Indonesia Raya' overseas with Soepratman's approval, aiming for optimal sound fidelity on a gramophone record.
Yo Kim Tjan successfully brought the original recording of 'Indonesia Raya' back to Indonesia before the Dutch ban was implemented.
Answer: False
Explanation: Yo Kim Tjan was precluded from returning the original recording of 'Indonesia Raya' to Indonesia due to a pre-existing ban imposed by Dutch colonial authorities.
Soepratman granted Yo Kim Tjan the rights to sell record copies of 'Indonesia Raya' through his store, Toko Populair.
Answer: True
Explanation: Soepratman granted Yo Kim Tjan the authorization to sell copies of 'Indonesia Raya' records via his establishment, Toko Populair, an arrangement that aided the song's circulation amidst colonial constraints.
Which newspaper was the first to openly publish the musical notation and lyrics of 'Indonesia Raya'?
Answer: Sin Po
Explanation: The Chinese Indonesian weekly newspaper *Sin Po* was the first to openly publish the musical notation and lyrics of 'Indonesia Raya', signifying a courageous endorsement of Indonesian nationalist ideals.
Why did the organizers of the Youth Congress ask Soepratman not to publish his story about the event?
Answer: To avoid suspicion from Dutch colonial authorities
Explanation: The Youth Congress organizers urged Wage Rudolf Soepratman not to publish his narrative to avert suspicion from Dutch colonial authorities, thereby safeguarding the event from prohibition.
What was Soepratman's initial decision regarding the script of his song after its first performance?
Answer: He kept it to himself, believing it was not yet the appropriate time to publicly announce it.
Explanation: Following its initial performance, Soepratman retained the manuscript of his song, deeming the political climate under Dutch colonial rule unsuitable for its public announcement at that time.
How was the text of 'Indonesia' distributed following the Second Youth Congress?
Answer: By numerous political and student organizations and the press.
Explanation: Subsequent to the Second Youth Congress, the text of 'Indonesia' was circulated by various political and student organizations, and the press, including dailies such as *Soeloeh Ra'jat Indonesia* and the weekly *Sin Po*.
When did Wage Rudolf Supratman change the title of his song to 'Indonesia Raya'?
Answer: 1929
Explanation: In 1929, Wage Rudolf Supratman retitled his song 'Indonesia Raya' and added the phrase 'national anthem of Indonesia' beneath it.
How did Soepratman initially distribute copies of 'Indonesia Raya' with its new title?
Answer: By personally printing and distributing pamphlets.
Explanation: Soepratman personally printed and disseminated copies of 'Indonesia Raya' with its new title via pamphlets. All one thousand copies of the manuscript were rapidly acquired by his acquaintances and family.
Who was Tio Tek Hong, and what was his role in the early distribution of 'Indonesia Raya' records?
Answer: A businessman and record executive who agreed to issue the first records.
Explanation: Tio Tek Hong, a notable Indonesian businessman and record executive, collaborated with Supratman to produce the anthem's inaugural recordings, with Supratman maintaining copyright.
What action did the Dutch colonial authorities take regarding 'Indonesia Raya' in 1930?
Answer: They placed a ban on the song and confiscated unsold records.
Explanation: In 1930, Dutch colonial authorities prohibited 'Indonesia Raya' and seized all unsold recordings, thereby demonstrating their efforts to suppress burgeoning nationalist sentiments.
Who was Yo Kim Tjan, and what was his attempt to record 'Indonesia Raya' overseas?
Answer: A businessman friend of Soepratman who sought to record it for best sound quality.
Explanation: Yo Kim Tjan, a business associate of Soepratman, sought to record 'Indonesia Raya' overseas with Soepratman's approval, aiming for optimal sound fidelity on a gramophone record for eventual return to Indonesia.
Why was Yo Kim Tjan unable to bring the original recording of 'Indonesia Raya' back to Indonesia?
Answer: Dutch colonial authorities had imposed a ban on the song.
Explanation: Yo Kim Tjan was precluded from returning the original recording of 'Indonesia Raya' to Indonesia due to a pre-existing ban imposed by Dutch colonial authorities.
What rights did Soepratman grant to Yo Kim Tjan regarding the sale of 'Indonesia Raya' records?
Answer: Rights to sell record copies through his store, Toko Populair.
Explanation: Soepratman granted Yo Kim Tjan the authorization to sell copies of 'Indonesia Raya' records via his establishment, Toko Populair, an arrangement that aided the song's circulation amidst colonial constraints.
'Indonesia Raya' was officially adopted as the national anthem immediately upon its introduction in 1928.
Answer: False
Explanation: While introduced in 1928, 'Indonesia Raya' was formally designated as the national anthem upon Indonesia's proclamation of independence on August 17, 1945, and officially adopted on August 17, 1950.
Jozef Cleber, a Dutch composer, created the widely used philharmonic orchestra arrangement of 'Indonesia Raya' on August 17, 1950.
Answer: True
Explanation: Jozef Cleber, a Dutch composer, developed the widely utilized philharmonic orchestra arrangement of 'Indonesia Raya' on August 17, 1950.
The Indonesian Government appealed to Jozef Cleber in 1950 to compose new lyrics for the anthem.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 1950, the Indonesian Government engaged Jozef Cleber to create a symphonic rendition of 'Indonesia Raya', as no orchestral version of the national anthem existed at that time, not to compose new lyrics.
Jozef Cleber was an experienced arranger, known for his work on both Western and Indonesian pop songs, when he was asked to orchestrate 'Indonesia Raya'.
Answer: True
Explanation: Jozef Cleber possessed extensive experience as an arranger, proficient in both Western and Indonesian popular music, when he was commissioned to orchestrate 'Indonesia Raya'.
The first orchestral recording of 'Indonesia Raya' was made in 1950 by a Dutch orchestra in the Netherlands.
Answer: False
Explanation: The inaugural orchestral recording of 'Indonesia Raya', directed by Cleber, was produced in early 1951 in Jakarta, utilizing musicians from RRI Jakarta radio orchestras, not a Dutch orchestra in the Netherlands.
President Sukarno immediately approved Cleber's first orchestral performance of 'Indonesia Raya' without any changes.
Answer: False
Explanation: President Sukarno initially characterized Cleber's first orchestral performance of 'Indonesia Raya' as 'too frilly' and requested a 'grave tempo'.
Jozef Cleber refused to modify his arrangement of 'Indonesia Raya', stating that Sukarno's requests were musically impossible.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Cleber deemed Sukarno's request for the 'grave tempo' of 'Wilhelmus' impractical, he did produce a second arrangement, designated *maestoso con bravura*, as a compromise that Sukarno endorsed.
Jozef Cleber's final version of the anthem remained in use for 47 years.
Answer: True
Explanation: Jozef Cleber's definitive arrangement of the anthem was utilized for 47 years, underscoring its enduring significance and widespread acceptance.
A remastered version of 'Indonesia Raya' was composed in 1998 by Addie MS.
Answer: True
Explanation: Addie MS composed a remastered version of 'Indonesia Raya' in 1998, which was featured on his album *Simfoni Negeriku* (My country's symphony).
The 1998 remastered version of 'Indonesia Raya' was performed exclusively by Indonesian national orchestras.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 1998 remastered rendition of 'Indonesia Raya' was a collaborative performance by Addie MS's Twilite Orchestra, the Victorian Philharmonic Orchestra, and the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra, indicating international collaboration.
Cleber's orchestral arrangement of 'Indonesia Raya' primarily uses woodwind instruments throughout all verses.
Answer: False
Explanation: Cleber's orchestral arrangement prominently features strings and trumpets in Verse A and the climax (Verse C), with strings playing smoothly in Verse B, not primarily woodwind instruments throughout.
When was the first stanza of 'Indonesia Raya' chosen as the national anthem?
Answer: August 17, 1945
Explanation: The first stanza of 'Indonesia Raya' was selected as the national anthem upon Indonesia's proclamation of independence on August 17, 1945.
Who created the widely used philharmonic orchestra arrangement of 'Indonesia Raya' on August 17, 1950?
Answer: Jozef Cleber
Explanation: Jozef Cleber, a Dutch composer, developed the widely utilized philharmonic orchestra arrangement of 'Indonesia Raya' on August 17, 1950.
Why did the Indonesian Government appeal to Jozef Cleber in 1950?
Answer: To create an orchestral version of the anthem.
Explanation: In 1950, the Indonesian Government engaged Jozef Cleber to create a symphonic rendition of 'Indonesia Raya', as no orchestral version of the national anthem existed at that time.
What was Jozef Cleber's background when he was asked to orchestrate 'Indonesia Raya'?
Answer: He was an experienced arranger of Western and Indonesian pop songs.
Explanation: Jozef Cleber possessed extensive experience as an arranger, proficient in both Western and Indonesian popular music. He was a member of the Cosmopolitan Orchestra, dispatched by the Netherlands government to support Indonesia's musical development in Jakarta.
How was the first orchestral recording of 'Indonesia Raya' made under Cleber's direction?
Answer: Using a newly acquired Phillips reel-to-reel audio tape recorder in early 1951.
Explanation: The inaugural orchestral recording of 'Indonesia Raya', directed by Cleber, was produced in early 1951 utilizing a recently acquired Phillips reel-to-reel audio tape recorder, with musicians from all three RRI Jakarta radio orchestras contributing.
What was President Sukarno's initial feedback on Cleber's first orchestral performance of 'Indonesia Raya'?
Answer: He found it to be 'too frilly' and requested a 'grave tempo'.
Explanation: President Sukarno initially characterized Cleber's first orchestral performance of 'Indonesia Raya' as 'too frilly'. He requested a rendition that better evoked the 'red and white Indonesian flag' and adopted the 'grave tempo' of the Dutch anthem 'Wilhelmus'.
How did Jozef Cleber modify his arrangement to meet President Sukarno's requests?
Answer: He made a second arrangement, *maestoso con bravura*, and added a *grazioso* section.
Explanation: Jozef Cleber deemed Sukarno's request for the 'grave tempo' of 'Wilhelmus' impractical, yet he identified a thematic resemblance to 'La Marseillaise' within the melody. As a compromise, he produced a second arrangement, designated *maestoso con bravura*, which Sukarno endorsed, with a further request for a *grazioso* section preceding the climax.
For how long did Jozef Cleber's final version of the anthem remain in use?
Answer: 47 years
Explanation: Jozef Cleber's definitive arrangement of the anthem was utilized for 47 years, underscoring its enduring significance and widespread acceptance.
Who composed the remastered version of 'Indonesia Raya' in 1998?
Answer: Addie MS
Explanation: Addie MS composed a remastered version of 'Indonesia Raya' in 1998, which was featured on his album *Simfoni Negeriku* (My country's symphony).
Which orchestras performed the 1998 remastered version of 'Indonesia Raya'?
Answer: Addie MS's Twilite Orchestra, the Victorian Philharmonic Orchestra, and the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra.
Explanation: The 1998 remastered rendition of 'Indonesia Raya' was a collaborative performance by Addie MS's Twilite Orchestra, the Victorian Philharmonic Orchestra, and the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra, recorded at Allan Eaton Studio in Melbourne, Australia.
The ownership of 'Indonesia Raya' was never disputed after its official adoption as the national anthem.
Answer: False
Explanation: The copyright ownership of 'Indonesia Raya' became a subject of contention in 1951, leading President Sukarno to seek Wage Rudolf Soepratman's legitimate heir.
The Indonesian government was the original copyright holder of 'Indonesia Raya' from its inception.
Answer: False
Explanation: Legally, Wage Rudolf Supratman, as the composer, was acknowledged as the original copyright holder of 'Indonesia Raya'.
After Soepratman's death in 1938, the ownership of the rights to his works fell upon his four surviving sisters.
Answer: True
Explanation: Subsequent to Soepratman's death in 1938, the ownership rights to his works devolved to his four surviving sisters, who were his legal heirs.
Once adopted as the national anthem, 'Indonesia Raya' became public domain, and the creator's name was no longer required.
Answer: False
Explanation: After its adoption as the national anthem, 'Indonesia Raya' transitioned into state property, but Wage Rudolf Supratman's name must perpetually be cited as its creator.
Copies of 'Indonesia Raya' cannot be circulated as merchandise for sale because it is considered property of the state.
Answer: True
Explanation: As state property, 'Indonesia Raya' cannot be commercially circulated as merchandise; its utilization is regulated to preserve its national significance, not for commercial gain.
The Indonesian government acquired the rights to 'Indonesia Raya' from Soepratman's family in 1945.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Indonesian government secured the exclusive rights to 'Indonesia Raya' from Soepratman's family in 1958, not 1945.
Yo Kim Tjan kept the original record of 'Indonesia Raya' as a personal historical artifact after the government acquired the rights.
Answer: False
Explanation: Yo Kim Tjan transferred the original 'Indonesia Raya' recording to the Indonesian government the year after they acquired the rights, ensuring its preservation.
Soepratman's family received no financial compensation for the government's acquisition of the anthem's rights.
Answer: False
Explanation: On May 31, 1960, the government compensated Soepratman's sisters with 250,000 Indonesian rupiah each for the acquisition of the anthem's rights.
The legal basis for 'Indonesia Raya' being the national anthem of Indonesia is stipulated by Chapter XV, Article 36B of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Answer: True
Explanation: Chapter XV, Article 36B of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia provides the legal foundation for 'Indonesia Raya's' designation as the national anthem, formally recognizing its status.
The entire three stanzas of 'Indonesia Raya' are designated to serve as the national anthem, according to state regulation.
Answer: False
Explanation: In accordance with the 1958 State Gazette no. 44, only the first stanza of 'Indonesia Raya' is officially designated to function as the national anthem.
What question arose concerning the ownership of 'Indonesia Raya' in 1951?
Answer: The copyright ownership of the anthem.
Explanation: In 1951, the copyright ownership of 'Indonesia Raya' became a subject of contention, leading President Sukarno to seek Wage Rudolf Soepratman's legitimate heir to resolve the anthem's legal rights.
Who was legally considered the copyright holder of 'Indonesia Raya' as its composer?
Answer: Wage Rudolf Supratman
Explanation: Legally, Wage Rudolf Supratman was acknowledged as the copyright holder of 'Indonesia Raya' as its composer. Following his demise in 1938, the rights to his compositions would ordinarily transfer to his designated heirs.
To whom did the ownership rights of Soepratman's works fall after his death in 1938?
Answer: His four surviving sisters.
Explanation: Subsequent to Soepratman's death in 1938, the ownership rights to his works devolved to his four surviving sisters, who were his legal heirs, consistent with standard intellectual property law.
What happened to the ownership of 'Indonesia Raya' after it was officially adopted as the national anthem on August 17, 1945?
Answer: It became the property of the state.
Explanation: Upon its official adoption as the national anthem of Indonesia on August 17, 1945, 'Indonesia Raya' transitioned into state property. Nevertheless, Wage Rudolf Supratman's name must perpetually be cited as its creator.
Why can copies of 'Indonesia Raya' not be circulated as merchandise for sale?
Answer: It is considered property of the state.
Explanation: The circulation of 'Indonesia Raya' copies as commercial merchandise is prohibited because, as the national anthem, it is designated as state property. Its utilization is regulated to preserve its national significance, not for commercial gain.
When did the Indonesian government obtain the sole right to 'Indonesia Raya' from Soepratman's family?
Answer: 1958
Explanation: The Indonesian government secured the exclusive rights to 'Indonesia Raya' from Soepratman's family in 1958, thereby solidifying the anthem's legal designation as state property.
What did Yo Kim Tjan do with the original record of 'Indonesia Raya' after the government acquired the rights?
Answer: He handed it to the Indonesian government.
Explanation: The year after the government acquired the rights, Yo Kim Tjan transferred the original 'Indonesia Raya' recording to the Indonesian government, ensuring the preservation of this historical artifact.
How were Soepratman's sisters compensated for the government's acquisition of the anthem's rights?
Answer: They were each rewarded with 250,000 Indonesian rupiah.
Explanation: On May 31, 1960, acting on the Department of Education's recommendation, the government compensated Soepratman's sisters with 250,000 Indonesian rupiah each, recognizing their familial claim to the composer's work.
What is the legal basis for 'Indonesia Raya' being the national anthem of Indonesia?
Answer: Chapter XV, Article 36B of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Explanation: Chapter XV, Article 36B of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia provides the legal foundation for 'Indonesia Raya's' designation as the national anthem, formally recognizing its status.
Which part of 'Indonesia Raya' is designated to serve as the national anthem, according to state regulation?
Answer: Only the first stanza.
Explanation: In accordance with the 1958 State Gazette no. 44, only the first stanza of 'Indonesia Raya' is officially designated to function as the national anthem, thereby specifying the authorized version for national ceremonial use.
The national anthem of Indonesia, 'Indonesia Raya', translates to 'Great Indonesia' in English.
Answer: True
Explanation: The official English translation of 'Indonesia Raya' is 'Great Indonesia', reflecting national aspirations for unity and prosperity.
The Indonesian government provides official English and Dutch translations of 'Indonesia Raya'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Indonesian government does not officially endorse any translations of 'Indonesia Raya' into other languages, including English and Dutch.
The translations of 'Indonesia Raya' published by *Harian Umum* in 1953 are still widely used and considered semi-official.
Answer: False
Explanation: The English, German, and Dutch translations of 'Indonesia Raya' published by *Harian Umum* in 1953 are no longer in print and are not considered semi-official.
The phrase 'Tanah tumpah darahku' from the lyrics of 'Indonesia Raya' translates to 'My beloved homeland' in English.
Answer: False
Explanation: The phrase 'Tanah tumpah darahku' from 'Indonesia Raya' translates to 'The land where I shed my blood' in English, conveying a profound sense of patriotism and sacrificial devotion to the homeland.
The core message conveyed by the refrain 'Indonesia Raya, merdeka! Merdeka!' is 'Great Indonesia, Independent & sovereign!'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The refrain 'Indonesia Raya, merdeka! Merdeka!' fundamentally conveys the message 'Great Indonesia, Independent & sovereign!', a potent declaration underscoring the nation's freedom and autonomy.
The line 'Bangunlah jiwanya, bangunlah badannya' encourages the building of the nation's soul and body.
Answer: True
Explanation: The lyric 'Bangunlah jiwanya, bangunlah badannya' within the anthem advocates for the holistic development of the nation's soul and body, signifying a call for both spiritual and physical advancement.
What is the English translation of 'Indonesia Raya'?
Answer: Great Indonesia
Explanation: The official English translation of 'Indonesia Raya' is 'Great Indonesia', reflecting the nation's aspirations for unity and prosperity.
Are there any official translations of 'Indonesia Raya' into other languages endorsed by the government?
Answer: No, there is no official translation into other languages.
Explanation: The Indonesian government does not officially endorse any translations of 'Indonesia Raya' into other languages. Although unofficial translations exist, no specific foreign language version holds official recognition.
What happened to the English, German, and Dutch translations of 'Indonesia Raya' published by *Harian Umum* in 1953?
Answer: They are no longer published.
Explanation: On October 28, 1953, the *Harian Umum* daily issued its own English, German, and Dutch translations of 'Indonesia Raya' for the anthem's 25th anniversary, which were subsequently featured in a Ministry of Information bulletin. These translations are no longer in print.
What is the meaning of the phrase 'Tanah tumpah darahku' in the lyrics of 'Indonesia Raya'?
Answer: The land where I shed my blood
Explanation: The phrase 'Tanah tumpah darahku' from 'Indonesia Raya' translates to 'The land where I shed my blood' in English, conveying a profound sense of patriotism and sacrificial devotion to the homeland.
What is the core message conveyed by the refrain 'Indonesia Raya, merdeka! Merdeka!'?
Answer: Great Indonesia, Independent & sovereign!
Explanation: The refrain 'Indonesia Raya, merdeka! Merdeka!' fundamentally conveys the message 'Great Indonesia, Independent & sovereign!', a potent declaration underscoring the nation's freedom and autonomy.
What does the line 'Bangunlah jiwanya, bangunlah badannya' encourage in the context of the anthem?
Answer: Spiritual and physical development for the nation.
Explanation: The lyric 'Bangunlah jiwanya, bangunlah badannya' within the anthem advocates for the holistic development of the nation's soul and body, signifying a call for both spiritual and physical advancement for the prosperity of Great Indonesia.
The song 'Indonesia Raya' primarily served as a cultural piece to celebrate Indonesian traditions at the time of its introduction.
Answer: False
Explanation: Upon its introduction, 'Indonesia Raya' symbolized the nascent archipelago nationalist movement, articulating aspirations for independence from Dutch colonial governance, rather than merely a cultural celebration.
In Indonesian schools, 'Indonesia Raya' is played during flag-raising ceremonies only on national holidays.
Answer: False
Explanation: In Indonesian schools, 'Indonesia Raya' is customarily performed during flag-raising ceremonies each Monday, not exclusively on national holidays.
During the rendition of 'Indonesia Raya', only members of the Armed Forces are required to stand and salute.
Answer: False
Explanation: During the national anthem, all individuals present are mandated to stand and demonstrate reverence, while uniformed personnel, including members of the Armed Forces and secondary school students, are required to render a military salute.
During the Japanese occupation, 'Indonesia Raya' was strictly forbidden from being played.
Answer: False
Explanation: During the Japanese occupation (circa 1945), 'Indonesia Raya' was accorded equal status to 'Kimigayo' as Indonesia's de facto national anthem, not strictly forbidden.
The audio sample of 'Indonesia Raya' provided is a vocal performance by an Indonesian choir.
Answer: False
Explanation: The provided audio sample of 'Indonesia Raya' is described as an instrumental rendition performed by the U.S. Navy Band in A-flat major.
What historical movement did 'Indonesia Raya' mark the emergence of at its introduction?
Answer: The archipelago nationalist movement
Explanation: Upon its introduction, 'Indonesia Raya' symbolized the nascent archipelago nationalist movement, articulating aspirations for independence from Dutch colonial governance.
How often is 'Indonesia Raya' typically played during flag-raising ceremonies in Indonesian schools?
Answer: Every Monday
Explanation: In Indonesian schools, 'Indonesia Raya' is customarily performed during flag-raising ceremonies each Monday.
What is the protocol for uniformed personnel during the rendition of 'Indonesia Raya'?
Answer: They must render a military salute.
Explanation: Uniformed personnel, including members of the Armed Forces and secondary school students, are required to render a military salute during the national anthem.
What was the status of 'Indonesia Raya' during the Japanese occupation (approx. 1945)?
Answer: It held equal status to 'Kimigayo' as the de facto national anthem.
Explanation: During the Japanese occupation (circa 1945), 'Indonesia Raya' was accorded equal status to 'Kimigayo' as Indonesia's de facto national anthem.
What is the description provided for the audio sample of 'Indonesia Raya' in the source?
Answer: An instrumental rendition by the U.S. Navy Band, performed in A-flat major.
Explanation: The audio sample of 'Indonesia Raya' is described as an instrumental rendition performed by the U.S. Navy Band in A-flat major, providing specific details about the featured recording.