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Karl Wilhelm Krause was born in Michelau, which was part of the German Empire at the time of his birth.
Answer: True
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause was born in Michelau, West Prussia, which was indeed part of the German Empire at the time of his birth in 1911.
Before his military career, Karl Wilhelm Krause studied engineering and mechanics.
Answer: False
Explanation: Prior to his military service, Karl Wilhelm Krause pursued studies in cabinet making and architecture, not engineering and mechanics.
Karl Wilhelm Krause joined the Luftwaffe in 1931.
Answer: False
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause joined the Reichsmarine (Navy) in 1931, not the Luftwaffe (Air Force).
Krause was born in Michelau, West Prussia, during the time it was part of the Kingdom of Prussia.
Answer: True
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause was born in Michelau, West Prussia, a territory that was part of the Kingdom of Prussia within the German Empire at the time of his birth.
In which German state was Karl Wilhelm Krause born?
Answer: West Prussia
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause was born in Michelau, West Prussia, which was part of the German Empire at the time.
What field did Karl Wilhelm Krause study before joining the military?
Answer: Cabinet making and architecture
Explanation: Prior to his military enlistment, Karl Wilhelm Krause undertook studies in the fields of cabinet making and architecture.
Which military branch did Karl Wilhelm Krause join in 1931?
Answer: Reichsmarine (Navy)
Explanation: In 1931, Karl Wilhelm Krause enlisted in the Reichsmarine, which constituted the naval force of the Weimar Republic.
Karl Wilhelm Krause was initially selected by Adolf Hitler to serve as his personal bodyguard directly from the ranks of the Kriegsmarine.
Answer: False
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause was selected by Adolf Hitler to serve as his personal orderly and bodyguard in 1934, but he was selected from the Reichsmarine, not directly from the Kriegsmarine in the capacity implied by the statement.
Adolf Hitler gave Karl Wilhelm Krause the nickname 'Schatten' because Krause was often seen reading in the shadows.
Answer: False
Explanation: Adolf Hitler bestowed the nickname 'Schatten' (Shadow) upon Karl Wilhelm Krause due to Krause's constant proximity and discreet presence by Hitler's side, not because he was seen reading in the shadows.
Krause was instructed by Hitler to maintain absolute discretion regarding everything he witnessed.
Answer: True
Explanation: Adolf Hitler issued a directive to Krause emphasizing his direct personal command and the paramount importance of absolute discretion, stating, 'no one must know what you see and hear'.
Heinz Linge was trained by Karl Wilhelm Krause to become Hitler's chief personal valet.
Answer: True
Explanation: In early 1935, Karl Wilhelm Krause undertook the training of Heinz Linge, whom Hitler had designated as an additional valet. Linge subsequently succeeded Krause as Hitler's principal personal valet.
Heinrich Himmler reprimanded Krause for allowing Hitler to go on an incognito outing on Christmas Eve 1937.
Answer: True
Explanation: On Christmas Eve 1937, Krause accompanied Hitler on an unannounced excursion. Despite Hitler not being recognized, Krause faced reprimand from Heinrich Himmler, the Reichsfuehrer-SS, for permitting the outing without prior official notification.
According to Krause, Hitler typically shaved himself each morning.
Answer: True
Explanation: According to Krause's post-war accounts, Hitler maintained a routine of sleeping in a nightshirt, bathing, and shaving himself each morning independently.
Krause recalled that Adolf Hitler's common breakfast consisted of sausages and eggs.
Answer: False
Explanation: Contrary to common assumptions, Krause recalled that Adolf Hitler's typical breakfast consisted of an apple, cheese, and zwieback bread with tea, not sausages and eggs.
Krause ensured that Hitler always had a selection of five or six movie films ready for evening viewing.
Answer: True
Explanation: Krause was tasked with meticulous attention to detail, anticipating Hitler's preferences. As an example, he ensured a selection of five or six films were consistently available for Hitler's evening viewing.
According to Krause, Adolf Hitler's favorite actress was Marlene Dietrich.
Answer: False
Explanation: According to Krause's recollections, Adolf Hitler's favorite actress was Greta Garbo, not Marlene Dietrich.
Karl Wilhelm Krause was dismissed as Hitler's valet in September 1939 for forgetting to bring mineral water.
Answer: True
Explanation: During a front-line inspection, Hitler requested Fachinger mineral water. Krause, having neglected to bring it, presented regular water while falsely asserting it was Fachinger. Hitler discerned the deception, resulting in Krause's dismissal from his position as chief valet in September 1939.
Heinz Linge took over as Hitler's chief valet after Krause was promoted to SS-Brigadeführer.
Answer: False
Explanation: Heinz Linge assumed the role of chief personal valet to Adolf Hitler, succeeding Karl Wilhelm Krause subsequent to Krause's dismissal in September 1939. Krause was dismissed, not promoted to SS-Brigadeführer.
The Führerbegleitkommando was responsible for Hitler's personal security.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Führerbegleitkommando was a specialized unit established to provide close personal security and protection for Adolf Hitler.
Krause's role as Hitler's 'shadow' limited the information available about Hitler's personal habits.
Answer: False
Explanation: Far from limiting information, Krause's role as Hitler's 'shadow' provided significant insights into Hitler's personal habits and routines due to his constant proximity.
The Führerbegleitkommando was part of the Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler (LSSAH).
Answer: True
Explanation: The Führerbegleitkommando was a unit integrated within the Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler (LSSAH), specifically tasked with ensuring the close personal security and protection of Adolf Hitler.
Krause's service included roles as a personal orderly, bodyguard, and ordnance officer.
Answer: True
Explanation: Krause's service encompassed multiple roles, including personal orderly, bodyguard, and later as an ordnance officer within the Waffen-SS.
Who was Karl Wilhelm Krause and what was his initial significant role?
Answer: A Waffen-SS officer who served as Hitler's personal orderly and bodyguard.
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause was a Waffen-SS officer who initially served as Adolf Hitler's personal orderly and bodyguard from 1934 to 1939.
How did Karl Wilhelm Krause come to serve as Adolf Hitler's personal orderly and bodyguard?
Answer: Adolf Hitler personally selected him from a group of Reichsmarine sailors.
Explanation: In 1934, Adolf Hitler personally selected Karl Wilhelm Krause from a contingent of Reichsmarine sailors to assume the role of his personal orderly and bodyguard.
What was Krause's initial rank and unit assignment when he began serving Hitler?
Answer: SS-Untersturmführer in the Führerbegleitkommando unit
Explanation: Upon assuming duties as Hitler's orderly, Krause was appointed the rank of SS-Untersturmführer. He became a member of the Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler (LSSAH) and was assigned to the Führerbegleitkommando, a unit dedicated to Hitler's personal security.
What nickname did Adolf Hitler give Karl Wilhelm Krause, and why?
Answer: 'Schatten' (Shadow) because he was constantly by Hitler's side.
Explanation: Adolf Hitler designated Karl Wilhelm Krause with the appellation 'Schatten,' translating to 'Shadow,' owing to Krause's perpetual presence and discreet adherence to Hitler's side during public engagements and daily activities.
What critical directive did Hitler give Krause regarding his duties?
Answer: To maintain absolute discretion about what he saw and heard.
Explanation: Adolf Hitler issued a directive to Krause emphasizing his direct personal command and the paramount importance of absolute discretion, stating, 'no one must know what you see and hear'.
Who did Karl Wilhelm Krause train in 1935, who later succeeded him?
Answer: Heinz Linge
Explanation: In early 1935, Karl Wilhelm Krause undertook the training of Heinz Linge, whom Hitler had designated as an additional valet. Linge subsequently succeeded Krause as Hitler's principal personal valet.
What event led to Heinrich Himmler reprimanding Krause on Christmas Eve 1937?
Answer: Krause allowed Hitler to go on an incognito night out in the city.
Explanation: On Christmas Eve 1937, Krause accompanied Hitler on an unannounced excursion. Despite Hitler not being recognized, Krause faced reprimand from Heinrich Himmler for permitting the outing without prior official notification.
According to Krause, what was Adolf Hitler's typical morning routine for personal care?
Answer: He bathed and shaved himself without assistance.
Explanation: According to Krause's post-war accounts, Hitler maintained a routine of sleeping in a nightshirt, bathing, and shaving himself each morning independently.
What items commonly constituted Adolf Hitler's breakfast, as recalled by Krause?
Answer: An apple, cheese, and zwieback bread with tea
Explanation: Krause recollected that Adolf Hitler's typical morning repast comprised an apple, cheese, and zwieback bread, typically served with tea.
Which actress did Krause state was Adolf Hitler's favorite?
Answer: Greta Garbo
Explanation: Krause indicated that Greta Garbo was Adolf Hitler's preferred actress.
What specific incident involving a brand of mineral water led to Krause's dismissal as Hitler's valet?
Answer: He forgot to bring Fachinger mineral water and offered regular water instead.
Explanation: During a front-line inspection, Hitler requested Fachinger mineral water. Krause, having neglected to bring it, presented regular water while falsely asserting it was Fachinger. Hitler discerned the deception, resulting in Krause's dismissal.
Who succeeded Karl Wilhelm Krause as Hitler's chief personal valet?
Answer: Heinz Linge
Explanation: Heinz Linge assumed the role of chief personal valet to Adolf Hitler, succeeding Karl Wilhelm Krause subsequent to Krause's dismissal in September 1939.
What was the purpose of the Führerbegleitkommando?
Answer: To ensure Hitler's close personal security and protection.
Explanation: The Führerbegleitkommando was a specialized unit established to provide close personal security and protection for Adolf Hitler.
How did Krause's proximity to Hitler contribute to historical knowledge?
Answer: His post-war accounts offered details on Hitler's daily routines and preferences.
Explanation: Krause's constant proximity to Hitler facilitated his post-war accounts, which furnished valuable insights into Adolf Hitler's daily routines, personal habits, and preferences.
What was the primary function of the 'Führerbegleitkommando'?
Answer: To provide close personal security for Adolf Hitler.
Explanation: The Führerbegleitkommando was a specialized unit established to provide close personal security and protection for Adolf Hitler.
After leaving Hitler's service, Krause returned to the Kriegsmarine and fought in the invasion of France.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following his departure from Hitler's personal service, Krause returned to naval duties and participated in the invasion of Norway in April 1940, not the invasion of France.
Karl Wilhelm Krause achieved the rank of SS-Hauptsturmfuhrer in the 12th SS Panzer Division "Hitlerjugend."
Answer: True
Explanation: In December 1943, Krause was assigned to the 12th SS Panzer Division "Hitlerjugend," attaining the rank of SS-Hauptsturmfuhrer.
Krause's flak unit was credited with shooting down approximately 45 Allied aircraft during the summer of 1944.
Answer: True
Explanation: During the summer of 1944, Krause's flak unit was credited with the successful engagement and destruction of approximately 45 Allied aircraft.
Krause's final rank within the Waffen-SS was SS-Obersturmfuhrer.
Answer: False
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause's terminal rank within the Waffen-SS was SS-Hauptsturmfuhrer, corresponding to the rank of captain, not SS-Obersturmfuhrer.
Waffen-SS refers to the administrative and political branches of the SS.
Answer: False
Explanation: The term 'Waffen-SS' specifically denotes the combat formations of the SS (Schutzstaffel) organization, constituting a significant military branch of Nazi Germany, distinct from its administrative and political branches.
What military campaign did Krause participate in after leaving his role as Hitler's valet?
Answer: The invasion of Norway
Explanation: Following his tenure as Hitler's valet, Krause rejoined the Kriegsmarine and participated in the invasion of Norway in April 1940.
What was Krause's rank and unit assignment during the latter part of World War II?
Answer: SS-Hauptsturmführer, 12th SS Panzer Division 'Hitlerjugend'
Explanation: In December 1943, Krause was assigned to the 12th SS Panzer Division "Hitlerjugend," attaining the rank of SS-Hauptsturmführer.
What combat achievement is attributed to Krause's flak unit in the summer of 1944?
Answer: Shooting down 45 Allied aircraft.
Explanation: During the summer of 1944, Krause's flak unit was credited with the successful engagement and destruction of approximately 45 Allied aircraft.
What does the rank 'SS-Hauptsturmfuhrer' translate to?
Answer: Captain
Explanation: The rank of SS-Hauptsturmfuhrer within the Waffen-SS is equivalent to the rank of captain in conventional military hierarchies.
What does the term 'Waffen-SS' refer to?
Answer: The combat formations of the SS organization.
Explanation: The term 'Waffen-SS' designates the armed combat formations of the SS (Schutzstaffel) organization, constituting a significant military branch of Nazi Germany.
The concept for the Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwind was developed by Max Wünsche.
Answer: False
Explanation: The conceptualization of the Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwind was developed by Karl Wilhelm Krause, not Max Wünsche.
The Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwind was mounted on a Panzer III chassis.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwind was mounted on a Panzer IV chassis, not a Panzer III chassis.
Adolf Hitler approved the development of the Wirbelwind concept after Krause presented it.
Answer: True
Explanation: Krause presented the Wirbelwind concept to SS-Obersturmbannführer Max Wünsche, who then forwarded it. Subsequently, Adolf Hitler granted approval for its development.
The Wirbelwinds were produced at the Ostbau Works in Berlin.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwinds were produced at the Ostbau Works located in Sagan, Silesia, not Berlin.
The exact production number of the Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwind is uncertain due to discrepancies between production figures and service records.
Answer: True
Explanation: The exact production quantity of the Wirbelwind is subject to uncertainty, stemming from discrepancies between records at the Ostbau Works and official Wehrmacht service documentation.
Combat experience showed the Wirbelwind's 20 mm guns were primarily effective against aircraft.
Answer: False
Explanation: Combat experience indicated that the 20 mm guns mounted on the Wirbelwind were more effective against ground targets than against aerial threats.
The successor to the Wirbelwind, the Ostwind, was armed with multiple 20 mm cannons.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Flakpanzer IV Ostwind, a successor vehicle to the Wirbelwind, was armed with a single 37 mm Flak 43 gun, differing from the Wirbelwind's armament of four 20 mm cannons.
The term 'Flakpanzer' refers to an armored personnel carrier.
Answer: False
Explanation: The term 'Flakpanzer' is German for an anti-aircraft tank, a mobile armored vehicle outfitted with artillery specifically designed for engaging aerial targets, not an armored personnel carrier.
The Flakpanzer IV Ostwind featured four 20 mm Flak 38 guns.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Flakpanzer IV Ostwind was armed with a single 37 mm Flak 43 gun, not four 20 mm Flak 38 guns. The latter was characteristic of the Wirbelwind.
Who is credited with developing the concept for the Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwind?
Answer: Karl Wilhelm Krause
Explanation: The conceptualization of the Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwind is attributed to Karl Wilhelm Krause during the early summer of 1944.
What was the primary chassis used for the Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwind?
Answer: Panzer IV chassis
Explanation: The Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwind was mounted on a Panzer IV chassis.
Where were the Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwinds produced?
Answer: Sagan, Silesia
Explanation: Production of the Wirbelwinds occurred at the Ostbau Works in Sagan, Silesia.
What observation was made regarding the effectiveness of the Wirbelwind's 20 mm guns in combat?
Answer: They were more effective against ground targets than against aircraft.
Explanation: Practical combat experience revealed that the 20 mm armament of the Wirbelwind demonstrated greater efficacy against ground targets than against aerial threats.
What armament did the successor vehicle, the Flakpanzer IV Ostwind, feature?
Answer: One 37 mm Flak 43 gun
Explanation: The Flakpanzer IV Ostwind, a successor vehicle to the Wirbelwind, was equipped with a single 37 mm Flak 43 gun.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwind?
Answer: It featured four 20mm cannons in an open-top turret on a Panzer IV chassis.
Explanation: The Flakpanzer IV Wirbelwind was equipped with four 20 mm Flak 38 guns housed in an open-top turret, which featured nine armored side panels, mounted upon a Panzer IV tank chassis.
Karl Wilhelm Krause surrendered to Soviet troops at the end of the war.
Answer: False
Explanation: At the conclusion of World War II, Karl Wilhelm Krause surrendered to American troops, not Soviet forces.
Karl Wilhelm Krause was classified as a war criminal after World War II due to his SS rank.
Answer: False
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause was not classified as a war criminal. Notwithstanding his rank within the SS, his specific role as a bodyguard did not result in such a designation.
After the war, Krause worked as a waiter and later as an interior designer.
Answer: True
Explanation: Following his release from internment, Karl Wilhelm Krause resided in central Germany, pursuing careers as a waiter and subsequently as an interior designer.
Krause's memoirs were published in East Germany in 1949.
Answer: False
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause's memoirs were published in West Germany in 1949, under the title 'Zehn Jahre Tag und Nacht Kammerdiener bei Hitler'.
Krause's internment lasted until June 1945.
Answer: False
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause's internment concluded in June 1946, not June 1945.
Krause's post-war civilian career included work as a waiter and an interior designer.
Answer: True
Explanation: Following his release from internment, Karl Wilhelm Krause resided in central Germany, pursuing careers as a waiter and subsequently as an interior designer.
To whom did Krause surrender at the end of World War II?
Answer: American troops
Explanation: At the conclusion of World War II, Krause evaded capture by the Red Army by moving westward and subsequently surrendered to American forces.
Was Karl Wilhelm Krause considered a war criminal after World War II, and why or why not?
Answer: No, his role as a bodyguard did not lead to this classification.
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause was not classified as a war criminal. Notwithstanding his rank within the SS, his specific role as a bodyguard did not result in such a designation.
What civilian professions did Krause pursue after his release from internment?
Answer: Waiter and interior designer
Explanation: Following his release from internment, Karl Wilhelm Krause resided in central Germany, pursuing careers as a waiter and subsequently as an interior designer.
What was the title of Karl Wilhelm Krause's memoirs, published in 1949?
Answer: Ten Years as Hitler's Valet Day and Night
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause's memoirs were published in West Germany in 1949, bearing the title 'Zehn Jahre Tag und Nacht Kammerdiener bei Hitler,' which translates to 'Ten Years as Hitler's Valet Day and Night'.
What was the significance of Krause being held in internment until June 1946?
Answer: He was being processed and interrogated as a prisoner of war or person of interest.
Explanation: Subsequent to his surrender to American forces in May 1945, Krause was interned for interrogation and processing, signifying his status as a prisoner of war or person of interest until his release in June 1946.
Karl Wilhelm Krause received the Iron Cross (First Class) and the Destroyer War Badge.
Answer: True
Explanation: Karl Wilhelm Krause was awarded several military decorations, including the Iron Cross (both 2nd and 1st Class) and the Destroyer War Badge.
The Narvik Shield award signifies Krause's participation in the Battle of Narvik in April 1940.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Narvik Shield, a German World War II military decoration, was awarded to personnel involved in the Battle of Narvik in April 1940, signifying Krause's participation in that particular campaign.
Which of the following military decorations was NOT awarded to Karl Wilhelm Krause according to the source?
Answer: Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
Explanation: The provided information lists the Iron Cross (1st Class), Destroyer War Badge, and Narvik Shield among Krause's awards, but not the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.
What was the significance of the Destroyer War Badge awarded to Krause?
Answer: Service aboard destroyers, possibly in naval battles.
Explanation: The Destroyer War Badge, a German military decoration, was conferred for service aboard destroyers, frequently involving participation in naval engagements or campaigns, indicating Krause's involvement in such operations.
Which of the following was NOT a military decoration awarded to Karl Wilhelm Krause?
Answer: SS Long Service Award
Explanation: The provided information lists the Iron Cross (2nd Class), Destroyer War Badge, and Narvik Shield among Krause's awards, but does not mention the SS Long Service Award.
The 'vcard' class on an infobox table is used to structure contact information.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'vcard' class, utilized in web development, is employed within infobox tables to semantically structure and identify contact information.
The 'mw-file-element' class indicates that an image is a placeholder for future content.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'mw-file-element' class, utilized within MediaWiki software, identifies an element as a displayed image file integral to the page's content, not necessarily a placeholder for future content.
What does the 'fn' designation in an infobox typically signify?
Answer: The person's full name or primary identifier.
Explanation: Within the context of biographical infoboxes, the 'fn' designation serves as a standard abbreviation to denote the subject's full name or primary identifier.