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A global issue is defined as a matter of public concern that affects people worldwide and transcends national boundaries.
Answer: True
Explanation: The provided material defines a global issue as a matter of public concern affecting populations worldwide, transcending national boundaries.
Global catastrophic risks are potential disasters that could significantly harm or destroy human civilization, and they primarily originate from natural phenomena.
Answer: False
Explanation: While global catastrophic risks are defined as potential disasters threatening human civilization, the provided text indicates that many, if not all, originate from human activity, not solely natural phenomena.
What is the fundamental definition of a global issue according to the provided text?
Answer: A matter of public concern that affects people worldwide and transcends national boundaries.
Explanation: The fundamental definition provided is that a global issue is a matter of public concern affecting populations worldwide and transcending national boundaries.
What key characteristic is mentioned about the origins of global catastrophic risks?
Answer: Many, if not all, of these risks stem from human activity.
Explanation: The provided material highlights that a significant characteristic of global catastrophic risks is their origin, with many, if not all, stemming from human activity.
What does the term 'wicked problem' refer to in the context of global issues?
Answer: A problem that is difficult or impossible to solve due to complex, contradictory, or changing requirements.
Explanation: A 'wicked problem' is characterized as a challenge that is difficult or impossible to resolve due to intricate, conflicting, and evolving requirements, often lacking straightforward solutions.
The United Nations (UN) and the World Economic Forum (WEF) are identified as organizations that maintain or have published official lists of global issues.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source material explicitly names the United Nations (UN) and the World Economic Forum (WEF) as organizations that maintain or publish official lists of global issues.
Big data is proposed by the UN to be used for tracking progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs).
Answer: True
Explanation: The United Nations proposes the utilization of big data, facilitated by Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs), to effectively support and monitor progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
The SDGs are also known as The Global Goals and superseded the MDGs which covered the period from 2000 to 2015.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also referred to as The Global Goals, were adopted by the UN in 2015 and succeeded the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which spanned from 2000 to 2015.
Which two prominent organizations are mentioned for maintaining or publishing official lists of global issues?
Answer: The United Nations (UN) and the World Economic Forum (WEF)
Explanation: The United Nations (UN) and the World Economic Forum (WEF) are explicitly identified as organizations that maintain or have published official lists of global issues.
How does the UN propose to utilize big data for sustainable development?
Answer: By applying ICTs to support and track progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals
Explanation: The UN proposes leveraging big data through Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) to provide support for and track progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
The UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are also known by which name?
Answer: The Global Goals
Explanation: The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are also referred to as 'The Global Goals'.
Which UN initiative mobilizes volunteers for development and peace?
Answer: United Nations Volunteers (UNV)
Explanation: The United Nations Volunteers (UNV) initiative serves to mobilize volunteers for contributions to development and peace.
According to the United Nations, pressing issues for Africa include poverty, diseases, desertification, and unemployment.
Answer: True
Explanation: The United Nations identifies poverty, diseases, desertification, malnutrition, regional conflict, corruption, and unemployment as pressing issues pertinent to Africa.
The UN's concerns regarding ageing populations focus solely on the demographic transition aspect.
Answer: False
Explanation: The UN's concerns regarding ageing populations encompass both the 'ageing population' itself and the broader concept of 'demographic transition,' indicating a focus beyond just one aspect.
The Vienna International Plan of Action on Ageing is an initiative associated with addressing global trade issues.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Vienna International Plan of Action on Ageing is an initiative directly linked to addressing the concerns surrounding ageing populations, not global trade issues.
The UN lists the prevention of HIV/AIDS and HIV/AIDS denialism as pressing global issues.
Answer: True
Explanation: The United Nations identifies the prevention of HIV/AIDS, HIV and pregnancy, and HIV/AIDS denialism as critical global issues.
The UN's focus on child and youth safety online includes combating cyberbullying and online child abuse.
Answer: True
Explanation: The United Nations prioritizes child and youth safety online, specifically addressing issues such as cyberbullying, online child abuse, and the trafficking of children.
UNICEF and the World Food Programme are UN agencies involved in addressing global education issues.
Answer: True
Explanation: UNICEF and the World Food Programme are identified as UN agencies engaged in addressing critical issues concerning children, including global education.
The UN's primary goal concerning poverty is its reduction, as reflected in Sustainable Development Goal #1.
Answer: False
Explanation: The UN's primary objective concerning poverty is its eradication, as articulated in Sustainable Development Goal #1: No Poverty.
World hunger, sustainable agriculture, and food safety are key issues related to food security according to the UN list.
Answer: True
Explanation: The UN's enumeration of global issues includes world hunger, sustainable agriculture, food security, and food safety as critical components of food security.
The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) are UN organizations involved in addressing food security.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP) are identified as the UN organizations directly involved in addressing food security and hunger.
The UN's concerns regarding gender equality include women's rights and global feminism, with UN Women being a key entity.
Answer: True
Explanation: The United Nations addresses gender equality, encompassing women's rights and global feminism, with UN Women serving as a principal entity for these issues.
Maternal health is cited as a global health issue by the UN, linked to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
Answer: True
Explanation: Maternal health is recognized by the UN as a significant global health issue, with connections drawn to the earlier Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
People with disabilities face discrimination and a lack of universal design, issues addressed by the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities addresses critical issues faced by individuals with disabilities, including discrimination and the absence of universal design principles.
The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) focuses on issues such as antimicrobial resistance and global trade.
Answer: False
Explanation: The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) is primarily concerned with population matters, including human overpopulation and world population trends, not antimicrobial resistance or global trade.
Which of the following is NOT listed as a pressing issue for Africa by the United Nations?
Answer: Technological advancement
Explanation: The United Nations lists poverty, diseases, desertification, malnutrition, regional conflict, corruption, and unemployment as pressing issues for Africa. Technological advancement is not mentioned in this context.
The UN's concerns related to 'Ageing' primarily focus on which two aspects?
Answer: The ageing population and demographic transition
Explanation: The United Nations' list of global issues related to ageing specifically highlights the 'ageing population' and 'demographic transition' as primary concerns.
Which UN plan is associated with addressing the issue of ageing populations?
Answer: The Vienna International Plan of Action on Ageing
Explanation: The Vienna International Plan of Action on Ageing is the UN initiative specifically mentioned in relation to addressing the issue of ageing populations.
According to the UN list, what specific aspect of AIDS is considered a pressing global issue?
Answer: HIV/AIDS denialism
Explanation: The United Nations identifies HIV/AIDS denialism, alongside the prevention of HIV/AIDS and HIV and pregnancy, as pressing global issues.
Which of the following is mentioned as a UN program involved in addressing AIDS?
Answer: The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)
Explanation: The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria are mentioned as relevant UN programs addressing AIDS.
What critical aspects of child and youth safety online does the UN focus on?
Answer: Combating cyberbullying, online child abuse, and human trafficking of children
Explanation: The UN's focus on child and youth safety online centers on combating cyberbullying, online child abuse, and the human trafficking of children.
Which UN agencies are mentioned as being involved in addressing key issues concerning children, including global education?
Answer: UNICEF and the World Food Programme
Explanation: UNICEF and the World Food Programme are cited as UN agencies involved in addressing significant issues concerning children, such as global education.
What is the UN's primary goal concerning poverty, as stated in the source?
Answer: To eradicate poverty
Explanation: The primary objective of the United Nations concerning poverty is its eradication, as reflected in Sustainable Development Goal #1.
Which of the following is listed as a key issue related to food security and hunger by the UN?
Answer: Sustainable agriculture practices
Explanation: Sustainable agriculture practices are identified by the UN as a key issue related to food security and hunger, alongside world hunger and food safety.
The UN organizations mentioned as involved in addressing food security and hunger are:
Answer: FAO and WFP
Explanation: The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP) are the UN organizations cited for their involvement in addressing food security and hunger.
Which UN entity is primarily focused on gender equality and the empowerment of women?
Answer: UN Women
Explanation: UN Women (Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women) is identified as the primary UN entity focused on gender equality and women's empowerment.
Maternal health is cited as a global health issue by the UN, and it is linked to which set of earlier development goals?
Answer: The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
Explanation: Maternal health is recognized as a global health issue by the UN, and it is linked to the earlier Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities addresses issues faced by people with disabilities, such as:
Answer: Discrimination and lack of universal design
Explanation: The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities addresses issues including discrimination and the absence of universal design faced by individuals with disabilities.
The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) focuses on which area of global issues?
Answer: Population matters
Explanation: The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) concentrates its efforts on population-related matters, such as human overpopulation and world population trends.
What is antimicrobial resistance?
Answer: The resistance of microbes to antimicrobial drugs.
Explanation: Antimicrobial resistance refers to the capacity of microbes, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, to withstand the effects of antimicrobial drugs that were previously effective against them.
The UN's concerns regarding atomic energy are limited to nuclear weapons, not nuclear waste.
Answer: False
Explanation: The UN's concerns regarding atomic energy encompass both nuclear weapons and nuclear waste, as indicated by relevant international agreements and agencies mentioned.
The UN lists 'exploitation' as a key issue related to decolonization, involving the United Nations Trust Territories.
Answer: True
Explanation: The United Nations identifies 'exploitation' as a significant issue within the context of decolonization, particularly concerning the United Nations Trust Territories.
The UN promotes democratization through initiatives like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the United Nations Democracy Fund (UNDEF).
Answer: True
Explanation: The United Nations actively promotes democratization, supported by foundational documents such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and specific funds like the United Nations Democracy Fund (UNDEF).
Under disarmament, the UN's concerns include weapons of mass destruction, chemical weapons, and small arms, but not landmines.
Answer: False
Explanation: The UN's disarmament concerns explicitly include weapons of mass destruction, chemical and biological weapons, conventional weapons, landmines, and small arms.
The United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA) is responsible for disarmament matters.
Answer: True
Explanation: The United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA) is indeed the designated UN office tasked with addressing disarmament matters.
The UN's primary directive concerning human rights is to monitor and report on violations, as outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Answer: False
Explanation: The UN's primary directive concerning human rights is to uphold them, as established in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, rather than solely monitoring and reporting violations.
The UN cites the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination as relevant international laws.
Answer: True
Explanation: The UN references numerous international laws and conventions, including the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, as pertinent to international law and justice.
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is mentioned as the UN organization involved in addressing international migration.
Answer: True
Explanation: The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is cited as the organization within the UN system that addresses international migration.
UN peacekeeping operations and the Peacebuilding Commission are bodies involved in promoting peace and security.
Answer: True
Explanation: UN peacekeeping operations and the Peacebuilding Commission are key bodies within the United Nations framework dedicated to promoting peace and security globally.
The UN's concerns regarding atomic energy include nuclear weapons and nuclear waste, and relevant international agreements include:
Answer: The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
Explanation: The UN's concerns regarding atomic energy encompass nuclear weapons and nuclear waste, with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty cited as relevant international agreements.
Which UN bodies are mentioned in relation to the issue of decolonization and exploitation?
Answer: The United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization and UN Trust Territories
Explanation: The United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization and the United Nations Trust Territories are cited as relevant bodies concerning the issue of decolonization and exploitation.
The UN addresses democratization through initiatives such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and which other fund?
Answer: The United Nations Democracy Fund (UNDEF)
Explanation: The United Nations Democracy Fund (UNDEF) is mentioned alongside the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as an initiative through which the UN promotes democratization.
Under the UN's concerns for disarmament, which category of weapons is NOT explicitly mentioned?
Answer: Cyber weapons
Explanation: The UN's disarmament concerns, as listed, include weapons of mass destruction, chemical and biological weapons, conventional weapons, and landmines, but not cyber weapons.
The UN's primary directive concerning human rights is to:
Answer: Uphold human rights, as outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Explanation: The UN's fundamental directive regarding human rights is to uphold them, as articulated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Which of the following is cited by the UN as an international law concerning racial discrimination?
Answer: The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
Explanation: The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination is cited by the UN as a key international law pertaining to racial discrimination.
Which organization is mentioned as being involved in addressing international migration?
Answer: The International Organization for Migration (IOM)
Explanation: The International Organization for Migration (IOM) is identified as the organization involved in addressing international migration within the UN framework.
Which UN bodies are specifically involved in promoting peace and security?
Answer: UN peacekeeping operations and the Peacebuilding Commission
Explanation: UN peacekeeping operations and the Peacebuilding Commission are identified as UN bodies actively involved in the promotion of peace and security.
The UN's focus regarding terrorism includes the development of international agreements to combat it, such as:
Answer: The Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism
Explanation: The UN's efforts concerning terrorism include fostering international agreements, such as the Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism, to combat it.
Climate change mitigation, as addressed by the UN, refers to efforts to increase the severity of climate change.
Answer: False
Explanation: Climate change mitigation, within the UN framework, refers to concerted efforts aimed at reducing the severity of climate change, not increasing it.
The UN's concerns regarding oceans include ocean governance but not marine pollution.
Answer: False
Explanation: The UN's concerns regarding oceans encompass both ocean governance and marine pollution, as evidenced by related initiatives and conventions.
The UN's focus on climate change mitigation refers to efforts aimed at:
Answer: Reducing the severity of climate change
Explanation: Climate change mitigation, as addressed by the UN, pertains to efforts designed to reduce the severity of climate change.
The UN's concerns regarding oceans include marine pollution and ocean governance, supported by which convention?
Answer: The Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter
Explanation: The Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter is cited as relevant to the UN's concerns regarding marine pollution and ocean governance.
What does 'overconsumption' mean in the context of environmental issues?
Answer: Using resources at a rate that outpaces the ecosystem's ability to sustain them.
Explanation: In the context of environmental issues, overconsumption signifies the utilization of resources at a pace exceeding the ecosystem's capacity for regeneration and sustenance.
What does 'overpopulation' mean as an environmental issue?
Answer: A situation where the number of people exceeds the planet's ability to sustain them.
Explanation: As an environmental issue, overpopulation is defined as a state where the human population surpasses the planet's capacity to sustain it.
What does 'resource depletion' refer to in the context of environmental problems?
Answer: The exhaustion of natural resources at a rate exceeding Earth's replenishment.
Explanation: Resource depletion, in the context of environmental challenges, signifies the exhaustion of natural resources at a rate that surpasses the Earth's capacity for replenishment.
Which of the following is listed as a pressing global issue by the World Economic Forum in 2016?
Answer: The future of work/unemployment
Explanation: The World Economic Forum identified 'the future of work/unemployment' as one of the pressing global issues in its 2016 assessment.
What is Earth system science?
Answer: The scientific study of the Earth's spheres and their interactions.
Explanation: Earth system science is defined as the scientific study of the Earth's various spheres (lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere) and the complex interactions among them.
Which of the following is mentioned as a theory emphasizing the inter-dependency of environmental and economic issues?
Answer: World-system theory
Explanation: World-system theory is cited as a theoretical framework that emphasizes the inter-dependency between environmental and economic issues.
The World Economic Forum's 2016 pressing issues included climate change, the future of work, and:
Answer: The 2008 financial crisis
Explanation: In its 2016 assessment, the World Economic Forum identified climate change, the future of work, and the 2008 financial crisis among its list of pressing global issues.