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The malt tax riots were a series of protests that occurred in Scotland against the extension of the English malt tax.
Answer: True
Explanation: The malt tax riots constituted a significant period of civil unrest in Scotland, directly opposing the imposition of the English malt tax.
The primary cause of the malt tax riots was the extension of the English malt tax to Scotland, viewed as an imposition.
Answer: True
Explanation: The core grievance driving the riots was the perceived imposition of the English malt tax upon Scotland, which was seen as an unfair burden.
The English malt tax was initially imposed to fund domestic infrastructure projects.
Answer: False
Explanation: The English malt tax was initially imposed to raise funds for war purposes, specifically following the Treaty of Hanover in 1725.
The proposal to extend the Malt Tax to Scotland in 1713 was abandoned due to opposition.
Answer: True
Explanation: Prior to the 1725 riots, an attempt to extend the Malt Tax to Scotland in 1713 was unsuccessful due to significant public and political opposition.
The 1725 malt tax was applied at half the rate in Scotland compared to the rest of Great Britain.
Answer: True
Explanation: The malt tax implemented in 1725 was applied across Great Britain, but at a reduced rate of half the standard charge in Scotland.
The malt tax led to a decrease in the price of beer, which pleased the public.
Answer: False
Explanation: The malt tax resulted in an increase in the price of beer, which contributed significantly to public discontent and anger.
The Treaty of Hanover in 1725 led to the imposition of the malt tax in England to support naval expansion.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Treaty of Hanover in 1725 was indeed linked to the imposition of the malt tax in England, but its purpose was to raise funds for war, not naval expansion.
What were the malt tax riots primarily a protest against?
Answer: The extension of the English malt tax to Scotland.
Explanation: The primary catalyst for the malt tax riots was the imposition of the English malt tax upon Scotland.
Why was a malt duty initially imposed in England?
Answer: To raise funds for war following the Treaty of Hanover in 1725.
Explanation: The malt duty was initially imposed in England as a measure to generate funds for war, following the diplomatic agreements made under the Treaty of Hanover in 1725.
How did the 1725 malt tax differ in its application to Scotland compared to the rest of Great Britain?
Answer: It was charged at only half the rate in Scotland.
Explanation: The 1725 malt tax was applied across Great Britain, but it was implemented at a reduced rate in Scotland, specifically half the rate applied elsewhere.
What was the impact of the malt tax on the price of beer in Scotland?
Answer: It increased the price of beer, contributing to public anger.
Explanation: The malt tax directly led to an increase in the price of beer, a consequence that fueled public anger and contributed to the riots.
What does the reference to the Treaty of Hanover (1725) indicate regarding the malt tax?
Answer: It led to the imposition of the malt tax in England to raise funds for war.
Explanation: The Treaty of Hanover in 1725 served as the impetus for the imposition of the malt tax in England, primarily to secure funding for wartime expenditures.
The malt tax riots commenced on June 23, 1725, beginning in Glasgow.
Answer: False
Explanation: While the riots commenced on June 23, 1725, the source indicates they began in Hamilton, not Glasgow.
The Shawfield riots in Glasgow were the least intense protests during the malt tax riots.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Shawfield riots in Glasgow are described as the fiercest protests associated with the malt tax disturbances.
Significant disturbances related to the malt tax occurred only in Glasgow and Hamilton.
Answer: False
Explanation: Disturbances related to the malt tax were not confined to Glasgow and Hamilton; significant protests also occurred in Edinburgh and other locations.
Citizens in Glasgow destroyed the home of their Member of Parliament, Daniel Campbell, because he voted in favor of the malt tax.
Answer: True
Explanation: The destruction of Daniel Campbell's home in Glasgow by enraged citizens was a direct response to his vote in favor of the malt tax.
Brewers in Edinburgh engaged in a legal strike to protest the malt tax.
Answer: False
Explanation: The brewers in Edinburgh engaged in a strike, but this action was considered illegal, not legal, as a form of protest against the malt tax.
When did the malt tax riots begin?
Answer: June 23, 1725
Explanation: The malt tax riots commenced on June 23, 1725.
In which Scottish town did the malt tax riots initially begin?
Answer: Hamilton
Explanation: The initial protests of the malt tax riots began in Hamilton, Scotland.
Which specific protest within the malt tax riots is described as the fiercest?
Answer: The Shawfield riots in Glasgow
Explanation: The Shawfield riots in Glasgow are identified as the most intense and fiercest protests associated with the malt tax disturbances.
Besides Glasgow and Hamilton, which of the following cities experienced significant disturbances due to the malt tax?
Answer: Edinburgh
Explanation: Significant disturbances related to the malt tax were not limited to Glasgow and Hamilton; Edinburgh also experienced notable protests.
What specific action did the citizens of Glasgow take against their Member of Parliament, Daniel Campbell?
Answer: They drove out the military and destroyed his home.
Explanation: In Glasgow, enraged citizens took direct action against their Member of Parliament, Daniel Campbell, by driving out the military and destroying his home due to his support for the malt tax.
What form of protest did brewers in Edinburgh engage in against the malt tax?
Answer: A strike, which was considered illegal.
Explanation: Brewers in Edinburgh employed a strike as their method of protest against the malt tax, an action that was deemed illegal.
Robert Dundas of Arniston, the Elder, supported the malt tax and published pro-tax materials.
Answer: False
Explanation: Robert Dundas of Arniston, the Elder, was an opponent of the malt tax and published an anti-tax pamphlet, which led to his dismissal.
Andrew Millar, a book trade apprentice, helped counter attempts by Edinburgh magistrates to control opinions by printing opposition material.
Answer: True
Explanation: Andrew Millar, working as an apprentice, actively disseminated opposition material by printing it, thereby challenging the Edinburgh magistrates' efforts to control public discourse.
Andrew Millar printed opposition material in Leith to bypass the jurisdiction of the Edinburgh council.
Answer: True
Explanation: By printing opposition materials in Leith, which was outside Edinburgh's council jurisdiction, Andrew Millar effectively circumvented the magistrates' control over information dissemination.
Duncan Forbes, Lord Culloden, accompanied General Wade and his force during the suppression of the riots in Glasgow.
Answer: True
Explanation: Duncan Forbes, serving as Lord Advocate, accompanied General Wade and his military force during the suppression of the riots in Glasgow.
What action led to the dismissal of Robert Dundas, the Lord Advocate?
Answer: Publishing an anti-malt tax pamphlet.
Explanation: Robert Dundas, the Lord Advocate, was dismissed from his position due to his publication of an anti-malt tax pamphlet.
What was the significance of Andrew Millar printing opposition material in Leith?
Answer: It allowed him to bypass the Edinburgh magistrates' control over opinion dissemination.
Explanation: Printing opposition material in Leith was significant because this location was outside the jurisdiction of the Edinburgh council, enabling Millar to circumvent their control over the dissemination of opinion.
Who accompanied General Wade and his force when they suppressed the riots in Glasgow?
Answer: Duncan Forbes, Lord Culloden
Explanation: Duncan Forbes, Lord Culloden, accompanied General Wade and his force during the suppression of the riots in Glasgow.
General Wade was appointed by the British government to negotiate peace with the rioters.
Answer: False
Explanation: General Wade was appointed by the British government to suppress the protests, not to negotiate peace.
Several rioters were killed or subjected to penal transportation as a consequence of the riots.
Answer: True
Explanation: The suppression of the riots resulted in fatalities and penal transportation for some participants, serving as a deterrent.
The British government successfully enforced the malt tax without making any concessions to the protestors.
Answer: False
Explanation: The widespread protests and unrest compelled the British government to make concessions rather than enforce the tax without compromise.
What was the British government ultimately compelled to do in response to the malt tax riots?
Answer: Make concessions to the protestors.
Explanation: Faced with widespread opposition, the British government was compelled to make concessions to the protestors rather than enforce the tax rigidly.
What was the ultimate outcome for the malt tax itself as a result of the riots?
Answer: The government made concessions, and a new board was established.
Explanation: As a result of the riots, the government made concessions to the protestors, and the establishment of a new board was a notable outcome.
The malt tax riots led to the establishment of the Board of Trustees for Manufacturers and Fisheries in 1727.
Answer: True
Explanation: The establishment of the Board of Trustees for Manufacturers and Fisheries in 1727 is directly linked as an outcome of the malt tax riots.
Scotland received a permanent exemption from the malt tax after the 1707 Union.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following the 1707 Union, Scotland received a temporary exemption from the malt tax, which was intended to last only until the conclusion of the ongoing war.
The British government's broader objective in Scotland during the 1720s was to increase Scotland's autonomy.
Answer: False
Explanation: The British government's objective in Scotland during the 1720s was focused on reforming the Scottish taxation system, not increasing autonomy.
The Porteous Riots of 1736 are mentioned as an unrelated event in the 'See also' section.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Porteous Riots of 1736 are mentioned in the 'See also' section as a related event, indicating a pattern of civil unrest in Scotland during this period.
The malt tax riots highlighted tensions and resistance in Scotland to the imposition of English taxes and policies after the Act of Union.
Answer: True
Explanation: The riots served as a clear demonstration of Scotland's resistance to English fiscal policies and taxation following the Act of Union, underscoring persistent tensions.
The establishment of the Board of Trustees for Manufacturers and Fisheries in 1727 was unrelated to the malt tax riots.
Answer: False
Explanation: The establishment of the Board of Trustees for Manufacturers and Fisheries in 1727 is directly cited as a consequence of the malt tax riots.
Which governmental body was established in 1727 as a result of the malt tax riots?
Answer: The Board of Trustees for Manufacturers and Fisheries
Explanation: The Board of Trustees for Manufacturers and Fisheries was established in 1727, directly stemming from the consequences and responses to the malt tax riots.
What was the arrangement regarding the malt tax for Scotland at the time of the Union in 1707?
Answer: Scotland received a temporary exemption from the malt tax until the war concluded.
Explanation: At the time of the 1707 Union, Scotland was granted a temporary exemption from the malt tax, which was intended to remain in effect until the conclusion of the ongoing war.
The malt tax riots are presented as an example of:
Answer: Popular resistance in Scotland to English policies post-Union.
Explanation: The malt tax riots are characterized as a significant instance of popular resistance within Scotland against English policies enacted after the Act of Union.
What was the broader objective of the British government in Scotland during the 1720s, as mentioned in the source?
Answer: To reform the Scottish taxation system.
Explanation: During the 1720s, the British government's overarching objective in Scotland was to reform the existing taxation system.
What does the mention of 'political turmoil' in the 1720s suggest about the context of the malt tax?
Answer: It indicates the period was characterized by instability or significant political activity.
Explanation: The reference to 'political turmoil' in the 1720s suggests that this era was marked by instability and considerable political activity, which likely influenced the government's approach to taxation and public reactions.