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The elder Manius Aquillius, consul in 129 BC, was known for imposing fair and equitable taxes during his governorship.
Answer: False
Explanation: The elder Manius Aquillius, consul in 129 BC, was known for his harsh governorship and imposition of excessive taxes, not for fairness.
Manius Aquillius's role as triumvir monetalis involved commanding legions in Gaul.
Answer: False
Explanation: Manius Aquillius's role as triumvir monetalis involved minting currency, not commanding legions in Gaul.
Manius Aquillius belonged to the gens Cornelia, a prominent Roman family.
Answer: False
Explanation: Manius Aquillius belonged to the gens Aquillia, not the gens Cornelia.
Manius Aquillius's father served as consul in 129 BC.
Answer: True
Explanation: The elder Manius Aquillius, father of the consul of 101 BC, held the office of consul in the year 129 BC.
The historical period primarily covered by the article on Manius Aquillius is the late Roman Republic.
Answer: True
Explanation: The career and life of Manius Aquillius, encompassing his military commands, consulship, and demise, are situated within the tumultuous period of the late Roman Republic.
What was Manius Aquillius's role as a 'triumvir monetalis'?
Answer: Official responsible for minting Roman currency
Explanation: As a triumvir monetalis, Manius Aquillius held a position responsible for the minting of Roman currency, specifically denarii, during his tenure around 109-108 BC.
What does the article suggest about the family lineage of Manius Aquillius?
Answer: His father was also a consul, serving in 129 BC.
Explanation: The article indicates that Manius Aquillius likely hailed from a family with political experience, specifically mentioning that his father also served as consul, holding the office in 129 BC.
What is the significance of the hatnote mentioning 'Manius Aquillius (consul 129 BC)'?
Answer: It clarifies that the article focuses on the consul of 101 BC, who was likely the son of the earlier consul.
Explanation: The hatnote distinguishing 'Manius Aquillius (consul 129 BC)' serves to clarify that the primary subject of the article is the consul of 101 BC, who is understood to be the son of the earlier consul, thereby preventing confusion between the two figures.
Manius Aquillius was a key figure in suppressing a major slave revolt in Sicily during his career.
Answer: True
Explanation: Manius Aquillius's consulship in 101 BC was largely defined by his successful campaign to quell the significant slave revolt in Sicily, known as the Second Servile War.
Manius Aquillius served as a legate under Gaius Marius during the Cimbrian War.
Answer: True
Explanation: During the Cimbrian War, Manius Aquillius held the position of legate and served under the command of Gaius Marius, participating in campaigns against the Germanic tribes.
Manius Aquillius was awarded a full triumph in Rome following his victory over the slave insurgents in Sicily.
Answer: False
Explanation: Following his successful suppression of the slave revolt in Sicily, Manius Aquillius was awarded an ovation, a lesser military honor, rather than a full triumph.
During the Battle of Aquae Sextiae, Manius Aquillius surprised the Teutones by attacking them from the front.
Answer: False
Explanation: In the Battle of Aquae Sextiae, Manius Aquillius's tactical contribution involved surprising the Teutones by attacking them from the rear, a maneuver that proved decisive.
Manius Aquillius's military success against the Teutones significantly hindered his election to the consulship.
Answer: False
Explanation: Manius Aquillius's military success against the Teutones significantly aided his election to the consulship, rather than hindering it.
The Second Servile War, which Manius Aquillius fought against, occurred in Sicily.
Answer: True
Explanation: The major slave revolt that Manius Aquillius confronted during his consulship, known as the Second Servile War, took place in Sicily.
What was Manius Aquillius's role during the Cimbrian War?
Answer: He served as a legate under Gaius Marius.
Explanation: During the Cimbrian War, Manius Aquillius functioned as a legate, operating under the command of Gaius Marius in the Roman campaigns against the Germanic tribes.
How did Manius Aquillius contribute to the Roman victory at the Battle of Aquae Sextiae?
Answer: He surprised the Teutones by attacking them from behind.
Explanation: Manius Aquillius played a crucial role in the Battle of Aquae Sextiae by executing a surprise attack on the Teutones from their rear, contributing significantly to the Roman victory.
What major conflict did Manius Aquillius address during his consulship in 101 BC?
Answer: The Second Servile War in Sicily
Explanation: During his consulship in 101 BC, Manius Aquillius was tasked with and successfully led the campaign to suppress the major slave uprising in Sicily, known as the Second Servile War.
What honor did Manius Aquillius receive following his successful campaign against the slave revolt in Sicily?
Answer: An ovation
Explanation: For his decisive victory in quelling the slave revolt in Sicily, Manius Aquillius was honored with an ovation in Rome, a significant but lesser military triumph.
Manius Aquillius served as Consul of Rome in 101 BC, with Marcus Antonius as his consular colleague.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Manius Aquillius served as Consul in 101 BC, his consular colleague was Gaius Marius, not Marcus Antonius.
Manius Aquillius was successfully defended in his trial for maladministration by his former consular colleague, Gaius Marius.
Answer: False
Explanation: Although Gaius Marius publicly supported Manius Aquillius, the orator Marcus Antonius was his primary defender during the trial for maladministration.
The joint consulship of Manius Aquillius and Gaius Marius was a consequence of their shared military command against the Cimbri.
Answer: True
Explanation: The joint election of Manius Aquillius and Gaius Marius as consuls for 101 BC was indeed a direct result of their successful collaboration and shared military command against the Cimbri and Teutones.
Manius Aquillius was known to have served as governor of Egypt after his consulship.
Answer: False
Explanation: Manius Aquillius served as governor of Sicily, not Egypt, after his consulship.
Manius Aquillius was acquitted in his trial for maladministration primarily due to overwhelming evidence of his guilt.
Answer: False
Explanation: Manius Aquillius was acquitted in his trial for maladministration due to the recognition of his military service, despite potentially sufficient evidence of guilt.
Manius Aquillius was known for his diplomatic skills, successfully negotiating peace treaties throughout his career.
Answer: False
Explanation: Manius Aquillius was primarily known for his military and political roles, not for successfully negotiating peace treaties; his career ended in military defeat and execution.
Manius Aquillius's trial for maladministration occurred before his consulship.
Answer: False
Explanation: Manius Aquillius's trial for maladministration occurred after his consulship, in 98 BC.
Who was Manius Aquillius and what were some of his key roles?
Answer: A Roman politician and general who served as Consul and suppressed a slave revolt in Sicily.
Explanation: Manius Aquillius was a prominent Roman politician and general. His significant roles included serving as Consul in 101 BC, suppressing the Second Servile War in Sicily, and acting as a legate under Gaius Marius during the Cimbrian War.
In which year did Manius Aquillius hold the office of Consul, and who was his colleague?
Answer: 101 BC, with Gaius Marius
Explanation: Manius Aquillius served as Consul of Rome in 101 BC. His consular colleague during that year was the renowned general Gaius Marius.
Who defended Manius Aquillius in his trial for maladministration in Sicily?
Answer: Marcus Antonius
Explanation: In the trial concerning allegations of maladministration in Sicily, Manius Aquillius was defended by the distinguished orator Marcus Antonius.
Why was Manius Aquillius acquitted in his trial for maladministration?
Answer: His military service and bravery were recognized, overshadowing potential guilt.
Explanation: Manius Aquillius was acquitted in his trial for maladministration primarily because his considerable military achievements and reputation for bravery were deemed more significant by the court than the charges against him.
How did Manius Aquillius's military achievements influence his political career?
Answer: They significantly boosted his prestige and chances for election.
Explanation: Manius Aquillius's military successes, particularly his contributions during the Cimbrian War and the Battle of Aquae Sextiae, greatly enhanced his public standing and were instrumental in his subsequent election to the consulship.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a role held by Manius Aquillius?
Answer: Governor of Sicily
Explanation: While Manius Aquillius served as Consul and Legate, and held the office of Triumvir Monetalis, he is not mentioned as having served as Governor of Sicily; rather, he suppressed a revolt there during his consulship.
Why was Manius Aquillius particularly disliked by some local peoples in Asia Minor?
Answer: He was perceived as continuing his father's legacy of imposing harsh taxes.
Explanation: Manius Aquillius was viewed with animosity by some populations in Asia Minor due to the perception that he would emulate his father's prior governorship, which was characterized by the imposition of severe taxes and exploitation.
Which of the following statements about Manius Aquillius's career is accurate according to the source?
Answer: His career ended with his death during the First Mithridatic War.
Explanation: Manius Aquillius's career concluded with his military defeat, capture, and subsequent execution by Mithridates VI during the events of the First Mithridatic War.
What does the 'succession box' information indicate about Manius Aquillius's consulship?
Answer: He served alongside Gaius Marius in 101 BC.
Explanation: The consular succession data indicates that Manius Aquillius served as Consul in 101 BC, with Gaius Marius holding the position concurrently as his colleague.
Mithridates VI of Pontus initiated the First Mithridatic War primarily because Manius Aquillius failed to restore Nicomedes IV to his throne.
Answer: False
Explanation: Mithridates VI initiated the First Mithridatic War primarily because Manius Aquillius encouraged Nicomedes IV of Bithynia to raid Pontic territory, not because Aquillius failed to restore him.
Manius Aquillius commanded a large Roman army, consisting of multiple legions, at the start of the First Mithridatic War.
Answer: False
Explanation: At the commencement of the First Mithridatic War, Manius Aquillius commanded only one legion of auxiliaries, numbering between 4,000 and 6,000 men, not a large army comprising multiple legions.
Manius Aquillius was defeated by Mithridates VI's forces near Lake Tatta, where he faced a significantly smaller Pontic contingent.
Answer: False
Explanation: Manius Aquillius was defeated by Mithridates VI's forces near Lake Tatta, where he faced a significantly larger Pontic contingent of approximately 100,000 infantry, not a smaller one.
The First Mithridatic War began in 88 BC, shortly after Manius Aquillius's capture.
Answer: False
Explanation: The First Mithridatic War began in 89 BC, prior to Manius Aquillius's capture.
What action by Manius Aquillius provoked Mithridates VI of Pontus, leading to the First Mithridatic War?
Answer: Aquillius encouraged Nicomedes IV to raid Pontic territory.
Explanation: Following his diplomatic mission to restore Nicomedes IV of Bithynia, Manius Aquillius advised Nicomedes to conduct raids into Pontic territory, an action that directly provoked Mithridates VI and initiated the First Mithridatic War.
What was the approximate strength of the military forces commanded by Manius Aquillius at the outset of the First Mithridatic War?
Answer: One legion of auxiliaries (4,000-6,000 men)
Explanation: At the commencement of the First Mithridatic War, Manius Aquillius commanded only one legion of auxiliaries, numbering between 4,000 and 6,000 men, which constituted the entirety of the Roman forces available in the province of Asia at that time.
Where did Manius Aquillius first encounter a large Pontic infantry force and suffer a significant defeat?
Answer: Near Lake Tatta
Explanation: Manius Aquillius suffered his initial significant defeat when he encountered a large Pontic infantry force near Lake Tatta.
After his capture, Manius Aquillius was paraded back to Pergamon and forced to confess to alleged crimes.
Answer: True
Explanation: Upon his capture, Manius Aquillius was indeed paraded through Pergamon on a donkey and compelled to confess to purported transgressions against the local populations.
Mithridates VI executed Manius Aquillius by crucifying him in Rome.
Answer: False
Explanation: Mithridates VI executed Manius Aquillius by pouring molten gold down his throat, not by crucifixion.
The execution method used on Manius Aquillius is historically compared to the alleged execution of Julius Caesar by the Parthians.
Answer: False
Explanation: The execution of Manius Aquillius by having molten gold poured down his throat is historically compared to the alleged execution of Marcus Licinius Crassus by the Parthians, not Julius Caesar.
The inhabitants of Lesbos handed Manius Aquillius over to Mithridates VI after he landed there.
Answer: True
Explanation: After his defeat and flight towards Italy, Manius Aquillius sought refuge on the island of Lesbos, where the local inhabitants apprehended him and delivered him to Mithridates VI.
Manius Aquillius was captured and executed by Roman forces after his defeat in Asia Minor.
Answer: False
Explanation: Manius Aquillius was captured and executed by Mithridates VI of Pontus after his defeat in Asia Minor, not by Roman forces.
Who handed Manius Aquillius over to Mithridates VI after his capture?
Answer: The inhabitants of the island of Lesbos
Explanation: After Manius Aquillius's defeat and subsequent flight, the inhabitants of the island of Lesbos apprehended him and delivered him into the custody of Mithridates VI.
How did Mithridates VI execute Manius Aquillius?
Answer: By pouring molten gold down his throat
Explanation: Mithridates VI ordered the execution of Manius Aquillius by pouring molten gold down his throat, a method that became infamously associated with his death.
The method of Manius Aquillius's execution is famously compared to the alleged execution of which other Roman figure?
Answer: Marcus Licinius Crassus
Explanation: The method used to execute Manius Aquillius, pouring molten gold down his throat, is historically compared to the alleged execution of Marcus Licinius Crassus by the Parthians.
What historical comparison is made regarding the method of Manius Aquillius's execution?
Answer: It was akin to the alleged Parthian execution of Marcus Licinius Crassus.
Explanation: The method of Manius Aquillius's execution, involving molten gold poured down his throat, is notably compared to the alleged Parthian execution of Marcus Licinius Crassus, a prominent Roman figure.
The denarius minted by Manius Aquillius in 109 or 108 BC featured images related to the Roman god Jupiter.
Answer: False
Explanation: The denarius minted by Manius Aquillius in 109 or 108 BC featured the head of Sol (the sun god), not Jupiter.
The image of Virtus on a denarius minted by Aquillius's grandson was intended to honor the military prowess of Manius Aquillius.
Answer: True
Explanation: The depiction of Virtus on coinage issued by Aquillius's grandson serves as an allusion to the military valor and achievements of Manius Aquillius himself.
The reverse of the denarius minted by Manius Aquillius's grandson depicts his acquittal in a legal trial.
Answer: False
Explanation: The reverse of the denarius minted by Manius Aquillius's grandson depicts Manius Aquillius raising an allegory of Sicily, commemorating his victory over the slave revolt, not his acquittal.
The coinage minted by Manius Aquillius's family suggests an interest in celestial deities.
Answer: True
Explanation: The imagery on the denarius minted by Manius Aquillius, featuring Sol (sun) and Luna (moon), indicates a familial interest in celestial deities.
What did the obverse (front) of the denarius minted by Manius Aquillius in 109 or 108 BC depict?
Answer: The head of Sol (the sun god)
Explanation: The obverse of the denarius minted by Manius Aquillius in 109 or 108 BC featured the head of Sol, the Roman sun god.
What does the reverse of the denarius minted by Manius Aquillius's grandson in 65 BC commemorate?
Answer: His suppression of the slave revolt in Sicily
Explanation: The reverse of the denarius minted by Manius Aquillius's grandson in 65 BC depicts Manius Aquillius raising an allegory of Sicily, commemorating his decisive victory over the slave revolt on the island.
What does the imagery on the denarius minted by Manius Aquillius's grandson signify?
Answer: His victory over the slave revolt in Sicily
Explanation: The imagery on the denarius minted by Manius Aquillius's grandson, depicting Aquillius raising an allegory of Sicily, serves to commemorate and signify his successful suppression of the slave revolt on the island.