Explanation: The provided historical context indicates that Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus served as consul in 58 AD, not 58 BC.

Explanation: Historical records indicate that Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus served as ordinary consul with Emperor Nero only for the initial portion of 58 AD; he subsequently served as a suffect consul with Gaius Fonteius Agrippa.

Explanation: Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus served as consul from January to June 58 AD, holding the ordinary consulship initially and then transitioning to a suffect consulship.

Explanation: The succession box details that Nero served as an ordinary consul with Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus for the initial part of 58 AD. Nero did not serve as a suffect consul alongside him.

Explanation: Gaius Fonteius Agrippa served as a suffect consul alongside Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus from May to June 58 AD, not as an ordinary consul for the full year.

Explanation: The succession box confirms that Lucius Caesius Martialis was among the suffect consuls serving prior to Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus's term in 58 AD.

Explanation: Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus served as consul in the year 58 AD.

Explanation: Emperor Nero served as the ordinary co-consul with Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus at the commencement of 58 AD.

Explanation: Gaius Fonteius Agrippa served as the suffect co-consul with Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus from May to June of 58 AD.

Explanation: The succession box indicates that Nero II and Lucius Caesius Martialis were among the suffect consuls serving prior to Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus's consular year in 58 AD.

Explanation: The available information characterizes Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus primarily as a Senator and consul, rather than a military figure known for campaigns under Augustus.

Explanation: The text explicitly states that Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus was a member of the Arval Brethren.

Explanation: The Arval Brethren were an ancient Roman college of priests, tasked with performing religious rites and festivals, not managing aqueduct systems.

Explanation: The namesake, Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus, was a notable Senator and literary patron during the reign of Emperor Augustus, not primarily known for military achievements under Trajan.

Explanation: The 'Biography' section encompasses details beyond military matters, including his senatorial role, family connections, and membership in the Arval Brethren.

Explanation: The text identifies Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus as a Roman Senator who held the esteemed office of consul in the year 58 AD.

Explanation: Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus was a member of the Arval Brethren, an ancient Roman priestly college.

Explanation: The namesake of Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus (consul 58 AD) was an earlier Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus, known as a Senator and significant literary patron during the Augustan period.

Explanation: The primary role identified for Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus is that of a Roman Senator and Consul.

Explanation: The provided documentation specifies that Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus was granted an annual stipend of 500,000 sesterces to uphold his senatorial qualifications.

Explanation: A 'suffect consul' served for a limited or partial term, filling the office after the ordinary consuls had completed their portion of the year, rather than serving a full annual term.

Explanation: The substantial annual stipend granted to Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus suggests that maintaining senatorial status involved meeting significant financial thresholds, indicating the importance of wealth in Roman political life.

Explanation: In the context of Roman society, a *gens* denotes a large family group or clan, not a military legion.

Explanation: An 'ordinary consul' in the Roman system was one of the two chief magistrates elected annually, typically serving a full year term and wielding significant executive power.

Explanation: Membership in the Roman Senate indicated a high social standing, requiring significant wealth, influence, and often prior political or military experience.

Explanation: Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus was granted an annual stipend of 500,000 sesterces to support his senatorial standing.

Explanation: In Roman society, a *gens* refers to a clan or a large family group, often tracing their lineage to a common ancestor.

Explanation: The term 'suffect consul' denotes a magistrate appointed to serve for a limited or partial term, typically filling a vacancy or completing a portion of the consular year.

Explanation: The text implies Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus possessed high social status, evidenced by his senatorial position, potential noble lineage, and the financial provisions supporting his qualifications.

Explanation: The substantial financial stipend provided to Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus indicates that holding senatorial rank necessitated meeting specific wealth thresholds, underscoring the economic prerequisites for political office.

Explanation: Serving as an 'ordinary consul' alongside the Emperor signified a position of considerable prestige and political importance, indicating a close alignment with imperial authority.

Explanation: The text explicitly explores the possibility that Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus was the brother of Valeria Messalina, the third wife of Emperor Claudius.

Explanation: The provided sources indicate that Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus belonged to the Valeria *gens*, not the Julian *gens*.

Explanation: One of the suggested paternal lineages for Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus is that he was the son of Marcus Aurelius Cotta Maximus Messalinus.

Explanation: Domitia Lepida the Younger is identified in the text as a potential mother, not father, of Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus.

Explanation: The Valeria *gens* is explicitly characterized as a 'Republican gens,' indicating its origins and prominence predated the Roman Empire.

Explanation: While Marcus Valerius Messalla Barbatus is proposed as a potential father, the supporting documentation indicates he served as consul in 20 AD, not 20 BC.

Explanation: The historical accounts present uncertainty regarding Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus's parentage, offering multiple possibilities rather than a definitive conclusion.

Explanation: The text suggests that Valeria Messalina, wife of Emperor Claudius, may have been the sister of Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus.

Explanation: Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus belonged to the Valeria *gens*, an ancient and influential Roman family.

Explanation: One suggested paternal lineage posits Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus as the son of Marcus Valerius Messalla Barbatus, who held the consulship in 20 AD.

Explanation: Domitia Lepida the Younger is identified as a potential mother of Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus.

Explanation: The designation 'Republican gens Valeria' signifies that the Valerius family was established and influential prior to the advent of the Roman Empire, tracing its roots to the Republican era.

Explanation: The text implies that Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus's parentage is not definitively established, presenting multiple potential familial connections.

Explanation: The historical data confirms that Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus served as consul in 58 AD, placing his tenure firmly within the 1st century AD.

Explanation: Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus served as consul in 58 AD, which falls within the reign of Emperor Nero, not Tiberius.

Explanation: The text references Tacitus's *Annals*, specifically chapter xiii.34, in relation to the financial stipend provided to Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus.

Explanation: The details concerning Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus primarily pertain to his career and life during the Roman Empire, specifically the mid-1st century AD, not the late Republic.

Explanation: The text lists Lucan's *Civil War* among the historical sources consulted for information regarding Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus.

Explanation: The mention of 'Google eBook' suggests the source is available in a digital format, likely accessible online, rather than being restricted to physical libraries.

Explanation: The consulship of Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus in 58 AD occurred during the reign of Emperor Nero.

Explanation: Tacitus's *Annals* is cited as a source that provides information relevant to Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus.

Explanation: The mention of 'Google eBook' indicates that the source material is likely available in a digital format, accessible through online platforms.

Explanation: The '1st century AD' reference denotes the period spanning approximately from 1 AD to 100 AD, during which Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus was active.