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Maria of Aragon was born in Lisbon, the capital of Portugal, in 1482.
Answer: False
Explanation: Maria of Aragon was born on June 29, 1482, in Córdoba, which was part of the Kingdom of Castile, not Lisbon.
Maria of Aragon's parents were King Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castile, known as the Catholic Monarchs.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source explicitly states that Maria of Aragon was the daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon, known as the Catholic Monarchs.
Maria of Aragon was the eldest surviving child of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon.
Answer: False
Explanation: Maria of Aragon was the third surviving daughter and the fourth of five surviving children born to Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon.
Maria of Aragon's education focused exclusively on practical household management, with no emphasis on academic subjects.
Answer: False
Explanation: Maria of Aragon received a comprehensive education that included academic subjects such as arithmetic, Latin, other languages, history, philosophy, and the classics, in addition to practical household tasks.
Before marrying Manuel I, Maria of Aragon's parents considered a marriage proposal for her to King James IV of Scotland.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Maria's parents, Ferdinand and Isabella, considered a marriage proposal for her to King James IV of Scotland as part of their diplomatic strategy.
Maria of Aragon's paternal grandfather was Ferdinand I of Aragon.
Answer: False
Explanation: Maria of Aragon's paternal grandfather was John II of Aragon, while Ferdinand I of Aragon was her paternal great-grandfather.
Maria of Aragon belonged to the House of Trastámara by birth, a royal dynasty of Castile and Aragon.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Maria of Aragon belonged to the House of Trastámara by birth, a royal dynasty that ruled in Castile and Aragon.
As an infanta of Spain, Maria of Aragon's marriage was politically insignificant, as royal marriages rarely influenced European alliances.
Answer: False
Explanation: As an Infanta of Spain, Maria of Aragon's marriage was considered highly significant in European politics, as royal marriages were frequently used to forge alliances and secure peace.
Maria of Aragon's maternal great-grandmother was Eleanor of Aragon.
Answer: False
Explanation: Maria of Aragon's maternal great-grandmother was Catherine of Lancaster, not Eleanor of Aragon.
Maria of Aragon's parents instilled in her principles that guided her devotion to pious activities and her children's education.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source indicates that Maria of Aragon's parents instilled principles that guided her devotion to pious activities and the supervision of her children's education.
In which city was Maria of Aragon born?
Answer: Córdoba
Explanation: Maria of Aragon was born in Córdoba, part of the Kingdom of Castile.
Who were Maria of Aragon's parents, famously known as the Catholic Monarchs?
Answer: Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon
Explanation: Maria of Aragon was the daughter of Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon, known as the Catholic Monarchs.
Which of the following subjects was NOT explicitly mentioned as part of Maria of Aragon's comprehensive education?
Answer: Military strategy
Explanation: Maria of Aragon's education included arithmetic, Latin, languages, history, philosophy, and classics, but military strategy was not mentioned.
Before her marriage to Manuel I, Maria's parents considered marrying her to the King of which country?
Answer: Scotland
Explanation: Maria's parents considered marrying her to King James IV of Scotland.
Who was Maria of Aragon's paternal grandfather?
Answer: John II of Aragon
Explanation: Maria of Aragon's paternal grandfather was John II of Aragon.
By birth, Maria of Aragon belonged to which royal house?
Answer: House of Trastámara
Explanation: Maria of Aragon belonged to the House of Trastámara by birth.
Who was Maria of Aragon's maternal grandmother?
Answer: Isabella of Portugal
Explanation: Maria of Aragon's maternal grandmother was Isabella of Portugal, Queen of Castile.
What was the relationship between Maria of Aragon and Isabella of Aragon, King Manuel I's first wife?
Answer: They were sisters.
Explanation: Maria of Aragon was the younger sister of Isabella of Aragon, King Manuel I's first wife.
Maria of Aragon served as Queen of Portugal for approximately seventeen years, from late 1500 until her death in early 1517.
Answer: True
Explanation: Maria of Aragon became Queen on October 30, 1500, and died on March 7, 1517, serving for approximately 16 years and 4 months, which rounds to approximately seventeen years.
King Manuel I of Portugal needed to remarry because his first wife, Maria's younger sister Catherine, had died.
Answer: False
Explanation: King Manuel I needed to remarry because his first wife, Isabella, Maria's *elder* sister, died in 1498, not her younger sister Catherine.
Maria of Aragon and Manuel I of Portugal were married in Lisbon in 1500.
Answer: False
Explanation: Maria of Aragon and Manuel I of Portugal were married in Alcácer do Sal, not Lisbon, on October 30, 1500.
As her dower upon marriage, Maria of Aragon was granted the territories of Viseu and Torres Vedras.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Maria of Aragon was granted Viseu and Torres Vedras as her dower upon her marriage to Manuel I.
Queen Maria was described as having a lively and outgoing personality, actively engaging in political discussions.
Answer: False
Explanation: Queen Maria was described as having a very serious character, known for her piety and devotion, rather than a lively and outgoing personality or active political engagement.
Despite the wealth of the Portuguese court, Maria of Aragon primarily focused on domestic duties, religious devotion, and her children's education rather than direct political involvement.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Maria of Aragon did not play a significant individual political role, instead dedicating her time to sewing, pious devotion, and supervising her children's education.
King Manuel I treated Maria of Aragon with disdain due to her lack of political ambition.
Answer: False
Explanation: King Manuel I appreciated Maria's pious nature and treated her with respect, providing her with expensive clothes and jewelry.
Maria of Aragon was praised for occasionally interceding with King Manuel I to persuade him to acts of mercy.
Answer: True
Explanation: Chronicles indeed praised Maria of Aragon for her occasional intercessions with King Manuel I, influencing him towards acts of mercy.
The Portuguese court during Maria of Aragon's reign was one of the wealthiest in Europe, reflecting the nation's prosperity.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that during Maria of Aragon's reign, the Portuguese court was renowned as one of the richest in Europe, reflecting the nation's prosperity during the Age of Discovery.
Who was Maria of Aragon's husband?
Answer: King Manuel I of Portugal
Explanation: Maria of Aragon was the second wife of King Manuel I of Portugal.
What was the primary reason King Manuel I of Portugal needed to remarry after his first wife's death?
Answer: His first wife, Maria's elder sister Isabella, died in 1498
Explanation: King Manuel I needed to remarry because his first wife, Isabella, Maria's elder sister, died in 1498, creating a vacancy for a queen and a need to reaffirm dynastic links.
In what town did Maria of Aragon marry Manuel I of Portugal?
Answer: Alcácer do Sal
Explanation: Maria of Aragon and Manuel I of Portugal were married in Alcácer do Sal.
Which two territories were granted to Maria of Aragon as her dower upon her marriage?
Answer: Viseu and Torres Vedras
Explanation: Maria of Aragon was granted Viseu and Torres Vedras as her dower upon her marriage.
How was Queen Maria of Aragon generally described in terms of her personality?
Answer: Serious, pious, and devoted
Explanation: Queen Maria was described as having a very serious character, known for her piety and devotion.
What was Maria of Aragon's primary focus during her time as Queen of Portugal?
Answer: Sewing, pious devotion, and supervising her children's education
Explanation: As Queen, Maria of Aragon dedicated her time to sewing, pious devotion, and meticulously supervising the education of her children.
How did King Manuel I generally treat Maria of Aragon?
Answer: With respect, appreciating her pious nature
Explanation: King Manuel I appreciated Maria's pious nature and treated her with respect, providing her with expensive clothes and jewelry.
What was one specific act of influence Maria of Aragon was praised for as Queen?
Answer: Occasionally interceding with her husband for acts of mercy
Explanation: Chronicles praised Maria of Aragon for occasionally interceding with King Manuel I to persuade him to acts of mercy.
What was the general atmosphere of the Portuguese court during Maria of Aragon's reign?
Answer: Renowned as one of the richest in Europe
Explanation: During Maria of Aragon's reign, the Portuguese court was renowned as one of the richest in Europe.
Maria of Aragon had a total of five children with Manuel I, all of whom reached adulthood.
Answer: False
Explanation: Maria of Aragon had 10 children with Manuel I, and eight of them reached adulthood, not five children all reaching adulthood.
Maria of Aragon's daughter, Isabella, became Holy Roman Empress by marrying Charles V.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Maria of Aragon's daughter, Isabella, married Charles V and became Holy Roman Empress.
The dynastic links from Maria of Aragon's marriage contributed to the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580, leading to her grandson Philip II of Spain becoming King of Portugal.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Maria of Aragon's dynastic links ultimately contributed to the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580, which resulted in her grandson, Philip II of Spain, becoming King of Portugal.
Maria of Aragon's eldest son, John III, succeeded his father as King of Portugal.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that Maria of Aragon's eldest son, John III, succeeded his father, Manuel I, as King of Portugal.
Infante Luis, Duke of Beja, a son of Maria of Aragon, remained unmarried but had legitimate descendants who became claimants to the throne.
Answer: False
Explanation: Infante Luis, Duke of Beja, remained unmarried and had *illegitimate* descendants, including António, Prior of Crato, who became a claimant to the throne.
Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Guarda, had several surviving children with his wife, Guiomar Coutinho.
Answer: False
Explanation: Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Guarda, married Guiomar Coutinho but they had no surviving issue.
Infante Afonso, Maria of Aragon's son, held a significant ecclesiastical role as a Cardinal of the Kingdom.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Infante Afonso, Maria of Aragon's son, served as a Cardinal of the Kingdom.
Maria of Aragon's daughter, Infanta Maria, lived to adulthood and married into a prominent European royal family.
Answer: False
Explanation: Infanta Maria, born in 1511, died at the young age of two in 1513, thus not living to adulthood or marrying.
King Henry, a son of Maria of Aragon, became the 17th King of Portugal after serving as a Cardinal, and his death led to another succession crisis.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source states that King Henry, Maria of Aragon's son, served as a Cardinal before becoming the 17th King of Portugal, and his death without direct heirs triggered another struggle for the throne.
Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães, is notable as the great-grandfather of King John IV of Portugal.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães, is notable as the great-grandfather of John IV of Portugal.
Maria of Aragon's youngest child, Infante António, survived to adulthood and became a prominent figure in the Portuguese court.
Answer: False
Explanation: Maria of Aragon's youngest child, Infante António, died less than two months after his birth in 1516, thus not surviving to adulthood.
How many of Maria of Aragon's children with Manuel I reached adulthood?
Answer: 8
Explanation: Maria of Aragon had 10 children with Manuel I, and eight of them reached adulthood.
Which of Maria of Aragon's children became Holy Roman Empress?
Answer: Isabella
Explanation: Maria of Aragon's daughter, Isabella, married Charles V and became Holy Roman Empress.
Maria of Aragon's dynastic links contributed to which significant event in Portuguese history?
Answer: The Portuguese succession crisis of 1580
Explanation: The dynastic links established through Maria of Aragon's marriage ultimately contributed to the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580.
Which of Maria of Aragon's sons succeeded his father, Manuel I, as King of Portugal?
Answer: King John III
Explanation: Maria of Aragon's eldest son, John III, succeeded his father, Manuel I, as King of Portugal.
Infanta Beatrice, a daughter of Maria of Aragon, married whom?
Answer: Charles III, Duke of Savoy
Explanation: Infanta Beatrice, daughter of Maria of Aragon, married Charles III, Duke of Savoy.
Which son of Maria of Aragon remained unmarried but had illegitimate descendants, including a claimant to the Portuguese throne in 1580?
Answer: Infante Luis, Duke of Beja
Explanation: Infante Luis, Duke of Beja, remained unmarried but had illegitimate descendants, including António, Prior of Crato, who became a claimant to the throne in 1580.
What ecclesiastical role did Infante Afonso, Maria of Aragon's son, hold?
Answer: Cardinal of the Kingdom
Explanation: Infante Afonso, Maria of Aragon's son, served as a Cardinal of the Kingdom.
Which of Maria of Aragon's sons later became the 17th King of Portugal and triggered another succession crisis upon his death?
Answer: Henry
Explanation: King Henry, Maria of Aragon's son, became the 17th King of Portugal after serving as a Cardinal, and his death triggered another succession struggle.
Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães, a son of Maria of Aragon, is notable as the great-grandfather of which future Portuguese monarch?
Answer: King John IV
Explanation: Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães, is notable as the great-grandfather of John IV of Portugal.
Which of Maria of Aragon's children died at the youngest age?
Answer: Infante António (born 1516)
Explanation: Infante António, born in September 1516, died less than two months later in November 1516, making him the child who died at the youngest age.
Queen Maria co-founded the Jerónimos Monastery in Lisbon and supported King Manuel's religious-imperial project.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source explicitly states that Queen Maria supported King Manuel's religious-imperial project and co-founded the Jerónimos Monastery in Lisbon.
Which religious institution did Queen Maria co-found in Lisbon?
Answer: The Jerónimos Monastery
Explanation: Queen Maria co-founded the Jerónimos Monastery in Lisbon.
What specific Christian holy place did King Manuel I's religious-imperial project, supported by Queen Maria, aim to reconquer?
Answer: Jerusalem
Explanation: King Manuel I's religious-imperial project, supported by Queen Maria, aimed to reconquer Christian holy places, including Jerusalem.
Maria of Aragon's health remained robust throughout her life, unaffected by her numerous pregnancies.
Answer: False
Explanation: Maria of Aragon's frequent pregnancies led to a continuous deterioration of her health, to the point of exhaustion and temporary mental confusion after a delivery in 1516.
After Maria of Aragon's death, King Manuel I married her sister, Catherine of Aragon, as his third wife.
Answer: False
Explanation: After Maria of Aragon's death, King Manuel I married her niece, Eleanor of Austria, as his third wife, not her sister Catherine of Aragon.
A portrait of Maria of Aragon by Colijn de Coter depicts her alone in a formal setting.
Answer: False
Explanation: The portrait by Colijn de Coter depicts Maria of Aragon at prayer with her husband and children, not alone.
Maria of Aragon was buried in the Royal Pantheon of the Braganza Dynasty in Lisbon.
Answer: False
Explanation: Maria of Aragon was buried at the Jerónimos Monastery in Belém, Lisbon, not the Royal Pantheon of the Braganza Dynasty.
What was Maria of Aragon's age at the time of her death?
Answer: 34
Explanation: Maria of Aragon died on March 7, 1517, at the age of 34.
What impact did Maria of Aragon's frequent pregnancies have on her health?
Answer: They led to a continuous deterioration of her health.
Explanation: Maria of Aragon's almost continuous pregnancies led to a continuous deterioration of her health.
Who did Manuel I of Portugal marry as his third wife after Maria of Aragon's death?
Answer: Eleanor of Austria
Explanation: After Maria of Aragon's death, Manuel I of Portugal married her niece, Eleanor of Austria, as his third wife.
What is depicted in the portrait of Maria of Aragon by Colijn de Coter?
Answer: Maria of Aragon at prayer with her husband and children
Explanation: The portrait by Colijn de Coter depicts Maria of Aragon at prayer with her husband and children.
Where was Maria of Aragon buried?
Answer: Jerónimos Monastery
Explanation: Maria of Aragon was buried at the Jerónimos Monastery in Belém, Lisbon.