Explanation: The primary legislative acts governing drug regulation in Ireland include the Misuse of Drugs Act 1977, the Misuse of Drugs Act 1984, the Misuse of Drugs Act 2015, and the Criminal Justice (Psychoactive Substances) Act 2010. The statement omits the 2015 Act.

Explanation: The fundamental purpose of Ireland's legislative framework concerning controlled substances, encompassing the Misuse of Drugs Acts and the Criminal Justice (Psychoactive Substances) Act, is to define and penalize the unlawful production, possession, and distribution of such substances.

Explanation: The Misuse of Drugs Regulations 1988, while foundational, are supplemented by several subsequent amendment regulations that also govern the scheduling and monitoring of drugs in Ireland.

Explanation: The Irish Statute Book serves as the authoritative repository for accessing the official texts of the Misuse of Drugs Acts and their associated regulations.

Explanation: The notation 'added by [year] Regulations' indicates that a substance was incorporated into the schedules of the Misuse of Drugs Act via specific amendment regulations enacted in that particular year.

Explanation: The term 'derivatives thereof,' when appended to a substance listing in a schedule, signifies that chemical compounds derived from the listed substance are also subject to the same controls within that schedule.

Explanation: The primary legislative acts governing drug regulation in Ireland include the Misuse of Drugs Act 1977, the Misuse of Drugs Act 1984, and the Misuse of Drugs Act 2015, along with the Criminal Justice (Psychoactive Substances) Act 2010. The Psychoactive Substances Act 1990 is not listed as a primary act in this context.

Explanation: The Irish Statute Book serves as the authoritative repository for accessing the official texts of the Misuse of Drugs Acts and their associated regulations.

Explanation: The term 'derivatives thereof,' when appended to a substance listing in a schedule, signifies that chemical compounds derived from the listed substance are also subject to the same controls within that schedule.

Explanation: The Misuse of Drugs Regulations 1988, along with subsequent amendments, primarily detail the specific requirements for the distribution and monitoring of controlled substances.

Explanation: The notation 'added by [year] Regulations' indicates that a substance was incorporated into the schedules of the Misuse of Drugs Act via specific amendment regulations enacted in that particular year.

Explanation: The term 'psychoactive substances' is directly associated with the Criminal Justice (Psychoactive Substances) Act 2010.

Explanation: In 2015, the Court of Appeal of Ireland declared Section 2(2) of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1977 unconstitutional, citing concerns related to the principle of the separation of powers between the executive and the legislature.

Explanation: The 2015 constitutional challenge centered on the assertion that the authority to define dangerous or misused substances rests exclusively with the Oireachtas, rather than the government.

Explanation: The 2015 Court of Appeal ruling inadvertently resulted in the temporary legalization of substances such as ecstasy and ketamine in Ireland, a situation that persisted for approximately 24 hours.

Explanation: The legal status of drugs affected by the 2015 ruling was ultimately resolved by the Irish Supreme Court's decision in the case of *Bederev v Ireland*, which overturned the Court of Appeal's initial judgment.

Explanation: The Misuse of Drugs Act empowers the Minister for Health to promulgate regulations that schedule controlled substances, categorizing them according to their perceived medical utility and potential risks to public health.

Explanation: Independent.co.uk reported that ecstasy, ketamine, and crystal meth were temporarily legal in Ireland for approximately 24 hours following the 2015 ruling, not for a week.

Explanation: As affirmed by judicial review, the Oireachtas, Ireland's national parliament, possesses the exclusive authority to legislate on matters pertaining to drug classification.

Explanation: The Court of Appeal declared Section 2(2) of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1977 unconstitutional primarily due to concerns regarding the separation of powers, asserting that the Oireachtas, not the government, should hold exclusive authority over defining dangerous substances.

Explanation: The Misuse of Drugs Act empowers the Minister for Health to create regulations for scheduling drugs, basing these decisions on the substances' perceived medical utility and potential risks to public health.

Explanation: According to the court ruling, the Oireachtas holds the exclusive authority to legislate on matters concerning drug classification, including defining dangerous or misused substances.

Explanation: Substances designated under Schedule 1 are characterized by a lack of recognized medicinal or scientific value and are deemed illegal due to their substantial potential for abuse.

Explanation: Naturally occurring substances such as cocaine and morphine are listed under Schedule 1 of the Misuse of Drugs Act; however, heroin is classified under Schedule 2.

Explanation: Cannabis and cannabis resin, commonly known as hashish, are explicitly designated under Schedule 1 of the Misuse of Drugs Act.

Explanation: N,N-Diethyltryptamine and N,N-Dimethyltryptamine are listed under Schedule 1 as derivatives of tryptamine, distinct from psilocin which is also listed in Schedule 1.

Explanation: Schedule 1 encompasses complex chemical compounds such as N-(1-Benzyl-4-piperidyl)propionanilide, alongside substances like 4-Methyl-aminorex, which was added by the 1993 Regulations.

Explanation: Cannabinol is listed under Schedule 1, with a specific exclusion stating it is not controlled under this schedule when it is contained within cannabis or cannabis resin.

Explanation: Substances classified under Schedule 1 are primarily characterized by having no recognized medicinal or scientific value and a high potential for abuse, leading to their classification as illegal.

Explanation: Lysergide (LSD) is listed under Schedule 1 as a naturally occurring substance. Fentanyl and Methadone are Schedule 2, and Diazepam is Schedule 4.

Explanation: Bufotenine is listed under Schedule 1. Morphine and Codeine are Schedule 2, and Diazepam is Schedule 4.

Explanation: Schedule 2 pertains to strictly controlled medicinal products and drugs designated for scientific purposes that possess a high potential for abuse, with exemptions provided for legitimate professional use.

Explanation: Potent opioid analgesics, including Fentanyl and Sufentanil, are classified under Schedule 2 of the Misuse of Drugs Act.

Explanation: Heroin, Morphine, and Codeine are classified under Schedule 2 of the Misuse of Drugs Act.

Explanation: Schedule 2 encompasses substances identified by complex chemical nomenclature, including compounds such as 1-Phenylcyclohexylamine and 1-Piperidinocyclohexanecarbonitrile.

Explanation: Schedule 3 primarily covers controlled medicinal products with a high potential for abuse, though exemptions exist for legitimate professional use and common prescriptions.

Explanation: Schedule 2 permits exemptions for legitimate professional use, which also extends to substances utilized in scientific research under specified conditions.

Explanation: Heroin and Morphine are classified under Schedule 2 of the Misuse of Drugs Act.

Explanation: Remifentanil is identified as a potent opioid analgesic listed under Schedule 2, having been added by the 2010 Regulations. Fentanyl, Etorphine, and Sufentanil are also in Schedule 2.

Explanation: Schedule 2 lists strictly controlled medicinal products and scientific drugs with high abuse potential, whereas Schedule 3 also lists controlled medicinal products with high abuse potential but provides broader exemptions for legitimate professional use and common prescriptions.

Explanation: Schedule 2 primarily functions to cover strictly controlled medicinal products and scientific drugs that possess a high potential for abuse, while allowing for exemptions for legitimate professional use.

Explanation: 1-Piperidinocyclohexanecarbonitrile is listed under Schedule 2. 1-(3-Chlorophenyl)piperazine (mCPP) is Schedule 3, 4-Methyl-aminorex is Schedule 1, and MDPV is Schedule 1.

Explanation: Schedule 4 lists various substances, including stimulant-like substances such as Aminorex and Propylhexedrine, but it also includes other categories like benzodiazepines.

Explanation: Alprazolam, Diazepam, and Lorazepam are among the numerous benzodiazepine medications listed under Schedule 4.

Explanation: Schedule 5 encompasses products containing limited quantities of controlled substances, exemplified by certain cough medicines containing codeine, which are typically intended for supervised administration.

Explanation: Propylhexedrine is listed under Schedule 4 as a stimulant-like substance. Codeine is Schedule 2, Zolpidem is Schedule 4 (hypnotic), and Ketamine is Schedule 3.

Explanation: Schedule 5 typically includes products containing small proportions of controlled substances, such as certain cough medicines, which are generally intended for supervised administration.

Explanation: Midazolam is listed under Schedule 4. Fentanyl and Morphine are Schedule 2, and Methadone is Schedule 2.

Explanation: MDPV (1-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-pentanone), WIN 55,212-2 ([2,3-Dihydro-5-methyl-3-(4-morpholinylmethyl)pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-1-naphthalenylmethanone), and Canbisol (3-Dimethylheptyl-11-hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol) are cited as examples of synthetic psychoactive substances incorporated into Schedule 1 via the 2010 Regulations.

Explanation: Khat, a substance derived from the plant Catha edulis, was incorporated into Schedule 1 through the amendments introduced by the 1993 Regulations.

Explanation: Mephedrone (1-(4-methylphenyl)-2-methylaminopropan-1-one) and Methylone (2-methylamino-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propan-1-one) are identified as synthetic cathinone derivatives that were added to Schedule 1 by the 2010 Regulations.

Explanation: Benzylpiperazine (BZP) was initially classified under Schedule 1 by the 2009 Regulations, with subsequent amendments in 2010 refining its entry.

Explanation: Flunitrazepam and Temazepam were reclassified and moved to Schedule 3 through amendments introduced by the 1993 Regulations.

Explanation: Ketamine and mCPP are listed under Schedule 3, having been incorporated by the 2010 Regulations.

Explanation: Selegiline, initially classified under Schedule 2, was subsequently reclassified to Schedule 4 via the amendments introduced by the 1993 Regulations.

Explanation: Zolpidem, a hypnotic medication, was incorporated into Schedule 4 through amendments enacted by the 2009 Regulations.

Explanation: Schedule 8, established by the 2007 Regulations, grants authorization to registered nurses for the prescription of specific drugs, particularly for pain management within hospital environments and palliative care.

Explanation: The movement of a substance between different schedules over time, as exemplified by Selegiline, indicates a re-evaluation of its associated risks, medicinal value, or overall regulatory standing by the authorities.

Explanation: Khat, a plant-derived substance, was incorporated into Schedule 1 through amendments introduced by the 1993 Regulations.

Explanation: Methedrone and Methcathinone are synthetic cathinone derivatives listed under Schedule 1, having been added by the 2010 Regulations. Cathinone is also in Schedule 1 but not specifically noted as added by the 2010 Regulations.

Explanation: Flunitrazepam and Temazepam were reclassified and moved to Schedule 3 through amendments introduced by the 1993 Regulations.

Explanation: Ketamine was incorporated into Schedule 3 by the 2010 Regulations.

Explanation: Selegiline's movement from Schedule 2 to Schedule 4 indicates a re-evaluation of its risks or regulatory status by the authorities over time.

Explanation: Schedule 8, established by the 2007 Regulations, specifically authorizes registered nurses to prescribe certain drugs for pain relief within hospital settings and palliative care.

Explanation: Temazepam is listed under Schedule 3. Heroin is Schedule 2, Alprazolam is Schedule 4, and Cannabis is Schedule 1.

Explanation: Selegiline was moved from Schedule 2 to Schedule 4 by the 1993 Regulations. Ketamine is Schedule 3, Temazepam is Schedule 3, and Zolpidem is Schedule 4 (added by 2009 Regulations).

Explanation: The legal case *Bederev v Ireland & ors* [2015] IECA 38 was initially heard by the Court of Appeal; the subsequent resolution involved a decision by the Irish Supreme Court.

Explanation: The case *Bederev v Ireland & ors* [2015] IECA 38 led to a constitutional challenge that resulted in the temporary legalization of several drugs due to the Court of Appeal's ruling on Section 2(2) of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1977.

Explanation: The ruling by the Court of Appeal in 2015 concerning Section 2(2) of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1977 was subsequently overturned by the Irish Supreme Court.