Enter a player name to begin or load your saved progress.
Muhammad Iqbal was born in Sialkot, a city located in present-day Pakistan.
Answer: False
Explanation: Muhammad Iqbal was born in Sialkot, Punjab Province, British India, which is located in present-day Pakistan, not India.
Muhammad Iqbal's family background is described as Punjabi-speaking Kashmiri Muslim.
Answer: True
Explanation: Iqbal's family was Punjabi-speaking Kashmiri Muslim, tracing its ancestry to Kashmiri Pandits who converted to Islam.
In which city did Muhammad Iqbal pass away?
Answer: Lahore
Explanation: Muhammad Iqbal passed away in Lahore, Punjab, British India (now Pakistan).
Which of the following was NOT an institution where Iqbal pursued higher education?
Answer: University of Oxford
Explanation: Iqbal pursued higher education at Government College, Lahore; Trinity College, Cambridge; and the University of Munich, but not the University of Oxford.
Muhammad Iqbal's family traced its lineage back to converts from which religious group?
Answer: Kashmiri Pandits
Explanation: Iqbal's family traced its ancestry to Kashmiri Pandits who converted to Islam in the 15th century.
Muhammad Iqbal's doctoral thesis was titled 'The Development of Metaphysics in Persia'.
Answer: True
Explanation: Muhammad Iqbal obtained his PhD in philosophy from the University of Munich in 1908, and his doctoral thesis was indeed titled 'The Development of Metaphysics in Persia'.
Iqbal found Persian to be a less suitable language than Urdu for expressing his philosophical ideas.
Answer: False
Explanation: Iqbal began writing poetry in Persian during his studies in Europe, finding it a more suitable language for expressing his philosophical concepts and reaching a wider audience.
Muhammad Iqbal's work 'The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam' was a collection of poems.
Answer: False
Explanation: 'The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam' is a series of lectures delivered by Iqbal, exploring the role of Islam in the modern age, rather than a collection of poems.
Muhammad Iqbal wrote all his major poetic works in Urdu.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Iqbal wrote significant works in Urdu, he also wrote extensively in Persian, finding it a suitable language for philosophical expression.
The poem 'Saare Jahan se Accha' is known for promoting communal harmony and national pride.
Answer: True
Explanation: 'Saare Jahan se Accha,' also known as 'Tarana-e-Hindi,' is a patriotic Urdu poem celebrated for promoting communal harmony and national pride.
Muhammad Iqbal's final published work was 'Bang-e-Dara'.
Answer: False
Explanation: Muhammad Iqbal's final published work was 'Armughan-e-Hijaz', which contained poems in Persian and Urdu.
What was the primary purpose of Iqbal's work 'Payam-e-Mashriq'?
Answer: To serve as a corrective to the West's materialistic outlook
Explanation: 'Payam-e-Mashriq' (The Message of the East) was intended, in part, to offer a spiritual and philosophical counterpoint to the perceived materialism of Western civilization.
Muhammad Iqbal's final published work, 'Armughan-e-Hijaz', contained poems in Persian and Urdu.
Answer: True
Explanation: 'Armughan-e-Hijaz' (The Gift of Hijaz), Iqbal's final work, comprised poems in both Persian and Urdu.
What was the title of Muhammad Iqbal's doctoral thesis?
Answer: The Development of Metaphysics in Persia
Explanation: Muhammad Iqbal's doctoral thesis, submitted to the University of Munich, was titled 'The Development of Metaphysics in Persia'.
Which of the following is NOT listed as one of Iqbal's major poetic works?
Answer: Gitanjali
Explanation: While 'Bang-e-Dara,' 'Payam-e-Mashriq,' and 'Zabur-e-Ajam' are major works by Iqbal, 'Gitanjali' is a collection of poems by Rabindranath Tagore.
What was the main theme of Iqbal's early Urdu poem 'Tarana-e-Hindi'?
Answer: A patriotic poem for children
Explanation: Iqbal's early Urdu poem 'Tarana-e-Hindi' (Anthem of India) was a patriotic poem composed for children.
Iqbal's work 'The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam' was based on lectures delivered in which regions?
Answer: Madras, Hyderabad, and Aligarh
Explanation: The lectures that formed 'The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam' were delivered by Iqbal in Madras, Hyderabad, and Aligarh.
Muhammad Iqbal's final published work, 'Armughan-e-Hijaz', contained poems in which languages?
Answer: Persian and Urdu
Explanation: 'Armughan-e-Hijaz' contained both Persian quatrains and Urdu poems, representing Iqbal's final literary output.
The philosophical concept of 'Khudi' in Iqbal's work refers to societal obligation.
Answer: False
Explanation: Iqbal's concept of 'Khudi' refers to the 'Self,' emphasizing self-realization, self-knowledge, and the development of individual potential, not societal obligation.
Iqbal believed the separation of church and state was a positive development for European culture.
Answer: False
Explanation: Iqbal viewed the separation of church and state in Europe as a significant cultural mistake that led to moral decay and materialism.
Iqbal viewed Western civilization as a model for spiritual and moral progress.
Answer: False
Explanation: Iqbal held a critical view of Western civilization, believing it had lost its spiritual and moral values due to materialism and secularism.
Iqbal believed that Islamic law had become too rigid and needed adaptation for modern times.
Answer: True
Explanation: Iqbal criticized the 'intellectual attitudes' of some Islamic scholars (ulema), feeling they had made Islamic law immobile and hindered its adaptation to contemporary challenges.
Iqbal's concept of 'Khudi' is directly linked to the Quranic concept of 'Rooh' (Spirit).
Answer: True
Explanation: Iqbal related his concept of 'Khudi' (Self) to the Quranic mention of 'Rooh' (Spirit), viewing it as a divine spark within humanity that should be developed.
Iqbal's critique of secularism stemmed from his belief that it weakened the spiritual foundations of Islam.
Answer: True
Explanation: Iqbal critiqued secularism, arguing that it could undermine the spiritual basis of Islam and Muslim society.
Iqbal's critique of Western civilization focused on its perceived lack of artistic expression.
Answer: False
Explanation: Iqbal's critique of Western civilization primarily focused on its perceived lack of spiritual and moral values due to materialism and secularism.
Muhammad Iqbal's perspective on the relationship between the individual and society, as detailed in 'Rumuz-i-Bekhudi', suggests that individuals should prioritize personal ambition over societal needs.
Answer: False
Explanation: In 'Rumuz-i-Bekhudi,' Iqbal argued that individual development is incomplete without societal connection and requires sacrifice for the community's needs, rather than prioritizing personal ambition.
Iqbal's criticism of the ulema was primarily focused on their role in preserving Islamic traditions.
Answer: False
Explanation: Iqbal criticized the ulema for making Islamic law immobile and hindering its adaptation to modern times, rather than solely for preserving traditions.
What philosophical concept is central to Iqbal's work 'Asrar-i-Khudi'?
Answer: The Self (Khudi)
Explanation: 'Asrar-i-Khudi' (Secrets of the Self) is a seminal work where Iqbal expounds his philosophy of 'Khudi,' emphasizing self-realization and self-knowledge.
Iqbal's critique of Western civilization focused on its perceived loss of:
Answer: Spiritual and religious values
Explanation: Iqbal critiqued Western civilization for its perceived decline in spiritual and religious values, attributing this to materialism and secularism.
What was Iqbal's view on the separation of church and state in Europe?
Answer: It was Europe's major mistake, leading to moral decay.
Explanation: Iqbal considered the separation of church and state in Europe a significant error that contributed to moral decay and materialism.
Which concept did Iqbal advocate for, emphasizing unity among Muslims globally?
Answer: The Ummah
Explanation: Iqbal advocated for the concept of the 'Ummah,' emphasizing the unity and shared identity of Muslims worldwide, transcending national boundaries.
Iqbal's critique of secular nationalism stemmed from his belief that it:
Answer: Weakened the spiritual foundations of Islam
Explanation: Iqbal critiqued secular nationalism, believing it weakened the spiritual foundations of Islam and could lead to the erosion of Muslim identity.
What was Iqbal's view on the role of Islamic scholars (ulema) regarding Islamic law?
Answer: He criticized their 'intellectual attitudes' for making it immobile.
Explanation: Iqbal criticized the ulema, suggesting their 'intellectual attitudes' had rendered Islamic law immobile and hindered its adaptation to modern times.
Iqbal's philosophy of 'Khudi' emphasizes the importance of:
Answer: Self-realization and self-knowledge
Explanation: Iqbal's philosophy of 'Khudi' centers on the importance of self-realization, self-knowledge, and the development of one's potential.
Which of the following was a key concern for Iqbal regarding the future of Muslims in India?
Answer: The potential for Hindu majority to overshadow Muslim heritage and influence
Explanation: Iqbal was concerned that the Hindu majority in India could overshadow Muslim heritage, culture, and political influence, contributing to his vision for a separate Muslim state.
Iqbal's work 'Zarb-i-Kalim' was a critique of:
Answer: Modern civilization's materialism and injustice
Explanation: 'Zarb-i-Kalim' (The Rod of Moses) is described as a critique of modern civilization's materialism and injustice, reflecting Iqbal's opposition to contemporary trends.
What advice did Iqbal give to students at Cambridge regarding materialism?
Answer: To guard against it and embrace spiritual values.
Explanation: Iqbal advised students at Cambridge to guard against atheism and materialism, urging them to embrace spiritual values instead.
Iqbal's concept of 'Khudi' is related to the Quranic mention of:
Answer: The 'Rooh' (Spirit) within humanity
Explanation: Iqbal linked his concept of 'Khudi' to the Quranic mention of 'Rooh' (Spirit), viewing it as the divine spark within humanity that requires development.
Iqbal's criticism of the ulema was primarily focused on their role in:
Answer: Hindering the adaptation of Islamic law to modern times
Explanation: Iqbal criticized the ulema for their 'intellectual attitudes' that, in his view, had made Islamic law immobile and hindered its adaptation to modern times.
Iqbal's perspective on the relationship between the individual and society, as detailed in 'Rumuz-i-Bekhudi', suggests that:
Answer: Individual development is incomplete without connection to society, requiring sacrifice for the community.
Explanation: In 'Rumuz-i-Bekhudi,' Iqbal posited that individual development ('Khudi') is incomplete without societal connection, advocating for sacrifice for the community's needs and the pursuit of an ideal society.
Iqbal was a strong proponent of secular nationalism for Muslims in British India.
Answer: False
Explanation: Iqbal was critical of secular nationalism, believing it weakened the spiritual foundations of Islam and advocating instead for a religiously defined Muslim community.
Iqbal's Allahabad Address in 1930 proposed the amalgamation of Muslim-majority provinces into a single state.
Answer: True
Explanation: In his 1930 Allahabad Address, Iqbal proposed a consolidated, self-governing state for the Muslim-majority provinces in northwestern India.
Muhammad Iqbal's poetry influenced the Iranian Revolution by promoting Islamic revival.
Answer: True
Explanation: Iqbal's poetry, particularly his Persian works, was recognized by Iranian intellectuals and leaders as a source of inspiration for the Iranian Revolution due to its message of Islamic rejuvenation and empowerment.
The journal 'Tolu-e-Islam' was named after Iqbal's poem 'Tulu'i Islam' and supported the Pakistan Movement.
Answer: True
Explanation: 'Tolu-e-Islam' was named after Iqbal's poem and served as a patron for propagating his ideas, playing a role in the Pakistan Movement.
Iqbal advocated for political divisions among Muslim nations to strengthen their individual identities.
Answer: False
Explanation: Iqbal denounced political divisions among Muslim nations, advocating for unity based on shared Islamic heritage and values.
The 'Madani–Iqbal debate' focused on the merits of Sufism versus modern philosophy.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'Madani–Iqbal debate' primarily centered on the concepts of nationalism versus religious identity for Muslims in India.
Muhammad Iqbal's vision for a separate Muslim state was articulated in his Lahore Address of 1930.
Answer: False
Explanation: Muhammad Iqbal's vision for a separate Muslim state was articulated in his Allahabad Address of 1930.
Iqbal's poetry is considered a source of inspiration for the Iranian Revolution due to its message of Islamic revival.
Answer: True
Explanation: Iqbal's poetry, particularly his Persian works, resonated with Iranian intellectuals and leaders, serving as an inspiration for the Iranian Revolution through its themes of Islamic rejuvenation.
Muhammad Iqbal's stance on political divisions among Muslim nations was one of support.
Answer: False
Explanation: Iqbal denounced political divisions among Muslim nations, advocating for unity based on shared Islamic heritage and values.
Muhammad Iqbal is widely recognized for articulating a vision that inspired which major political movement?
Answer: The Pakistan Movement
Explanation: Iqbal's articulation of a vision for a separate Muslim state, particularly in his Allahabad Address, is credited with inspiring the Pakistan Movement.
In his 1930 Allahabad Address, Iqbal proposed a consolidated state for which region?
Answer: The Punjab, North-West Frontier Province, Sindh, and Balochistan
Explanation: In his 1930 Allahabad Address, Iqbal proposed a consolidated Northwest Indian Muslim state comprising Punjab, North-West Frontier Province, Sindh, and Balochistan.
What was the primary focus of the debate between Muhammad Iqbal and Hussain Ahmad Madani?
Answer: Nationalism versus religious identity for Muslims
Explanation: The debate between Iqbal and Madani centered on whether Muslims in India should embrace composite nationalism or maintain a distinct religious identity and community.
What was Muhammad Iqbal's stance on political divisions among Muslim nations?
Answer: He denounced them, urging Muslims to find strength in shared Islamic heritage.
Explanation: Iqbal denounced political divisions among Muslim nations, advocating for unity based on their shared Islamic heritage and values.
Muhammad Iqbal considered Friedrich Nietzsche and Rumi as major influences on his philosophical outlook.
Answer: True
Explanation: Iqbal was influenced by philosophers like Nietzsche and poets like Rumi, whom he referred to as his guide.
Muhammad Iqbal is honored as the national poet and ideological founder of Bangladesh.
Answer: False
Explanation: Muhammad Iqbal is honored as the national poet and ideological founder of Pakistan, not Bangladesh.
The honorific 'Allama' associated with Iqbal means 'student' in Persian.
Answer: False
Explanation: The honorific 'Allama' is derived from Persian and signifies 'learned' or 'highly knowledgeable,' reflecting Iqbal's intellectual contributions.
Muhammad Iqbal considered Rumi his intellectual rival.
Answer: False
Explanation: Iqbal deeply admired Rumi, referring to him as his guide and drawing significant inspiration from his mystical poetry and teachings.
'Iqbal-e Lahori' is a Persian phrase meaning 'Iqbal the Poet'.
Answer: False
Explanation: 'Iqbal-e Lahori' is a Persian phrase that translates to 'Iqbal of Lahore,' acknowledging his connection to the city.
Which Persian poet did Iqbal refer to as his guide?
Answer: Rumi
Explanation: Iqbal held the Persian poet Rumi in high regard, referring to him as his guide and drawing significant inspiration from his works.
Muhammad Iqbal is honored in Pakistan primarily as:
Answer: The national poet and ideological founder
Explanation: In Pakistan, Muhammad Iqbal is revered as the national poet and the ideological founder of the state, recognized for his vision that inspired its creation.
What does the honorific 'Allama' signify when associated with Muhammad Iqbal?
Answer: Learned or highly knowledgeable person
Explanation: The honorific 'Allama,' derived from Persian, signifies 'learned' or 'highly knowledgeable,' reflecting Iqbal's profound intellectual contributions.
Which of the following philosophers influenced Iqbal's thought during his European studies?
Answer: Friedrich Nietzsche
Explanation: During his studies in Europe, Muhammad Iqbal was significantly influenced by philosophers such as Friedrich Nietzsche.
What is the meaning of the Persian phrase 'Iqbal-e Lahori'?
Answer: Iqbal of Lahore
Explanation: 'Iqbal-e Lahori' is a Persian phrase meaning 'Iqbal of Lahore,' commonly used in Iran to refer to Muhammad Iqbal.
What is the significance of Muhammad Iqbal's title 'Poet of the East'?
Answer: His poetry addressed the spiritual and political condition of Asia, advocating for its revival.
Explanation: The title 'Poet of the East' reflects Iqbal's profound influence on Muslim thought and culture across Asia, as his poetry addressed the region's spiritual and political condition and advocated for its revival.
Muhammad Iqbal declined the offer to be the first vice-chancellor of Jamia Millia Islamia.
Answer: True
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi offered Iqbal the position of the first vice-chancellor of Jamia Millia Islamia, which he declined.
Muhammad Iqbal primarily practiced law in the Lahore High Court.
Answer: True
Explanation: Muhammad Iqbal practiced law and appeared before the Lahore High Court, with over 100 reported judgments to his name.
Muhammad Iqbal's legal career involved practicing primarily in which court?
Answer: The Lahore High Court
Explanation: Muhammad Iqbal practiced law, appearing before the Lahore High Court in numerous civil and criminal cases.