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Nagaland Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge

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Study Guide: Nagaland: Geography, History, and Culture

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Nagaland: Geography, History, and Culture Study Guide

Geography and Environment of Nagaland

Nagaland is situated in the northeastern region of India and shares its eastern border with Myanmar (Burma).

Answer: True

Explanation: Nagaland is located in the northeastern part of India, bordering Arunachal Pradesh to the north, Assam to the west, Manipur to the south, and Myanmar (Burma) to the east.

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Kohima serves as the capital of Nagaland, while Dimapur is its largest urban center.

Answer: False

Explanation: Kohima is the capital city of Nagaland, whereas Dimapur, along with Chümoukedima, constitutes the largest urban center.

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Nagaland's terrain is primarily flat plains, with the Dzükou Valley located in the northern part of the state.

Answer: False

Explanation: Nagaland is characterized by mountainous terrain, not flat plains. The Dzükou Valley is situated in the southern part of the state.

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Nagaland experiences a monsoon climate with high humidity.

Answer: True

Explanation: Nagaland's climate is predominantly monsoon-influenced, characterized by high humidity and significant rainfall, particularly from May to September.

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Approximately twenty percent of Nagaland's land area is covered by forests, including tropical evergreen and subtropical forests.

Answer: True

Explanation: Forests cover approximately 20% of Nagaland's total land area, encompassing diverse types such as tropical evergreen, subtropical forests, palms, bamboo, and grasslands.

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Ntangki National Park and Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary are among the natural reserves located in Nagaland.

Answer: True

Explanation: Nagaland is home to several protected natural areas, including Ntangki National Park and Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary.

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The state animal of Nagaland is the Mithun (semi-domesticated gaur).

Answer: True

Explanation: The Mithun, a semi-domesticated species of gaur, is recognized as the state animal of Nagaland and holds significant ritualistic value.

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Nagaland is globally recognized as the 'falcon capital of the world' owing to the annual migration of Amur falcons to the Doyang Reservoir.

Answer: True

Explanation: The state's role as a stopover for the massive annual migration of Amur falcons has earned Nagaland the distinction of being the 'falcon capital of the world'.

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Blyth's tragopan, the state bird of Nagaland, is sighted in mountainous regions such as Mount Japfu and the Dzükou Valley.

Answer: True

Explanation: Blyth's tragopan, Nagaland's state bird, is typically observed in elevated areas like Mount Japfu and the Dzükou Valley, rather than lowland plains.

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Which region of India is Nagaland located in?

Answer: Northeastern India

Explanation: Nagaland is situated in the northeastern region of India.

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What is the capital city of Nagaland?

Answer: Kohima

Explanation: Kohima serves as the capital city of Nagaland.

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Which neighboring country shares Nagaland's eastern border?

Answer: Myanmar (Burma)

Explanation: Nagaland shares its eastern border with Myanmar (Burma).

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Which geographical feature is located in the southern part of Nagaland?

Answer: The Dzükou Valley

Explanation: The Dzükou Valley is a notable geographical feature situated in the southern region of Nagaland.

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What type of climate does Nagaland generally experience?

Answer: Monsoon with high humidity

Explanation: Nagaland generally experiences a monsoon climate characterized by high humidity.

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What percentage of Nagaland's land area is covered by forests?

Answer: Approximately 20%

Explanation: Approximately twenty percent of Nagaland's total land area is covered by forests.

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Which of the following is listed as a national park in Nagaland?

Answer: Ntangki National Park

Explanation: Ntangki National Park is one of the natural reserves located in Nagaland.

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What is the state animal of Nagaland?

Answer: Mithun (semi-domesticated gaur)

Explanation: The Mithun, a semi-domesticated gaur, is designated as the state animal of Nagaland.

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What is the significance of the Mithun in Nagaland?

Answer: It is considered ritually the most valued species and is the state animal

Explanation: The Mithun is significant in Nagaland as the state animal and is considered ritually the most valued species.

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What is Nagaland recognized for globally due to the migration of Amur falcons?

Answer: The falcon capital of the world

Explanation: Nagaland is globally recognized as the 'falcon capital of the world' due to the annual migration of Amur falcons.

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Historical Development of Nagaland

The State of Nagaland was formally inaugurated on December 1, 1963, and was previously known as the Naga Hills district within Assam.

Answer: True

Explanation: Nagaland was formally inaugurated as the 16th state of India on December 1, 1963. Prior to statehood, the region was administered as the Naga Hills district within Assam.

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British involvement in the Naga Hills began in the 19th century, initially marked by conflict and military expeditions due to British colonial interests.

Answer: True

Explanation: British engagement in the Naga Hills commenced in the 19th century, characterized by military expeditions and conflicts stemming from colonial objectives such as securing trading posts and protecting tea estates.

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The Battle of Kikrükma in February 1851 resulted in a decisive British victory, leading to immediate increased administrative control over the Naga Hills.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Battle of Kikrükma in 1851 involved significant casualties on both sides and was followed by inter-ethnic warfare, leading the British to adopt a policy of non-interference for a period, rather than immediate increased control.

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The British administration established a post at Samaguting in 1866 to manage the Naga Hills region.

Answer: True

Explanation: Following the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and continued colonial interests, the British administration established a post at Samaguting in 1866 to oversee the Naga Hills and mitigate intertribal conflicts.

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The incident at Khonoma in 1879, where British officials were killed, led to a period of appeasement by the British Raj.

Answer: False

Explanation: The incident at Khonoma in 1879, which resulted in the death of British political agent G. H. Damant and his team, prompted a strong punitive response from the British Raj, not appeasement.

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The Battle of Kohima during World War II saw Naga people fighting primarily alongside the Japanese Army against British and Indian troops.

Answer: False

Explanation: During the Battle of Kohima in World War II, Naga people were largely affected by the conflict between the Japanese Army and British/Indian forces, but the primary fighting involved these external armies, not Naga forces allied with the Japanese.

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In 1929, the Naga Club requested exemption from proposed reforms and self-determination in their memorandum to the Simon Commission.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Naga Club's 1929 memorandum to the Simon Commission articulated a desire for autonomy, requesting exemption from proposed reforms and the right to determine their own future.

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Following India's independence, the deployment of the Indian Army in Nagaland in 1955 was a response to nationalist demands for an independent Naga state and resulting violent incidents.

Answer: True

Explanation: Post-independence, nationalist movements advocating for an independent Naga state led to a period of unrest and violence, prompting the central government to deploy the Indian Army in 1955 to restore order.

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The 1957 agreement created the Naga Hills Tuensang Area (NHTA) as a separate country, independent of India.

Answer: False

Explanation: The 1957 agreement established the Naga Hills Tuensang Area (NHTA) as an autonomous region under the Sixth Schedule of the Indian Constitution, not as an independent country.

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Nagaland achieved statehood through the State of Nagaland Act passed in 1962, with its first elected government formed in February 1964.

Answer: True

Explanation: The State of Nagaland Act, passed in 1962, led to Nagaland's formal inauguration on December 1, 1963, and its first elected government was constituted in February 1964.

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On what date was the State of Nagaland formally inaugurated?

Answer: December 1, 1963

Explanation: The State of Nagaland was formally inaugurated on December 1, 1963.

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What was the administrative status of the Naga Hills prior to Nagaland becoming a state?

Answer: A district within Assam

Explanation: Before achieving statehood, the Naga Hills region was administered as a district within the state of Assam.

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What was the primary reason for British military expeditions into the Naga Hills in the mid-19th century?

Answer: To secure trading posts and curb Naga raids

Explanation: British military expeditions were motivated by colonial interests, including securing trading posts and mitigating Naga raids on neighboring territories.

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Where did the British administration establish a post in 1866 to manage the Naga Hills?

Answer: Samaguting

Explanation: The British administration established a post at Samaguting in 1866 to manage the Naga Hills region.

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What significant event occurred in 1879 involving the British political agent G. H. Damant in Khonoma?

Answer: He was killed along with his team

Explanation: In 1879, British political agent G. H. Damant and his team were killed during a visit to Khonoma.

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What was the major impact of World War II on Nagaland, specifically related to the Battle of Kohima?

Answer: It involved significant fighting between British/Indian and Japanese forces

Explanation: The Battle of Kohima was a major engagement during World War II, involving substantial fighting between Japanese forces and British/Indian troops.

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What was the primary request made by the Naga Club in their 1929 memorandum to the Simon Commission?

Answer: Exemption from proposed reforms and self-determination

Explanation: The Naga Club's memorandum requested exemption from proposed reforms and advocated for the Naga people's right to self-determination.

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What administrative entity was created in 1957 following an agreement between Naga leaders and the Indian government?

Answer: The Naga Hills Tuensang Area (NHTA)

Explanation: The 1957 agreement led to the formation of the Naga Hills Tuensang Area (NHTA) as an autonomous region.

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Which agreement in 1960 paved the way for Nagaland's formation as a state within India?

Answer: The 16-point agreement

Explanation: The 16-point agreement, reached in 1960 between Prime Minister Nehru and Naga leaders, was instrumental in the process leading to Nagaland's statehood.

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Modern Nagaland: Politics and Governance

In March 1975, Nagaland was placed under direct presidential rule by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.

Answer: True

Explanation: Direct presidential rule was imposed on Nagaland in March 1975 by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.

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The deadliest terrorist attack in Nagaland's history occurred in 2004 at the Dimapur Railway Station and Hong Kong Market, causing over 100 casualties.

Answer: True

Explanation: In 2004, bombings at the Dimapur Railway Station and Hong Kong Market resulted in 30 deaths and over 100 injuries, marking the most fatal terrorist attack in Nagaland's history.

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Between 2009 and 2013, Nagaland experienced a consistent number of militant fatalities per year due to inter-factional killings.

Answer: False

Explanation: Between 2009 and 2013, the number of militant fatalities from inter-factional killings in Nagaland varied annually, ranging from 3 to 55, indicating inconsistency rather than a consistent number.

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Civil unrest in Nagaland in early 2017 was triggered by the government's decision regarding women's reservation in administrative roles.

Answer: False

Explanation: The civil unrest in Nagaland in early 2017 was precipitated by protests against the government's decision to implement 33% women's reservation in Civic Elections.

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The February 2023 election saw the first women candidates elected to the Nagaland Legislative Assembly, with one later becoming the first woman minister.

Answer: True

Explanation: The February 2023 elections marked a historic milestone with the election of the first two women to the Nagaland Legislative Assembly, one of whom subsequently became the state's first woman minister.

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The Governor of Nagaland primarily exercises significant executive powers, including direct control over law enforcement.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Governor serves as the constitutional head with largely ceremonial responsibilities and duties related to law and order, rather than holding significant direct executive powers or control over law enforcement.

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The Democratic Alliance of Nagaland (DAN), a coalition led by the NPF and BJP, governed the state until 2018, when an alliance comprising the NDPP and BJP assumed power.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Democratic Alliance of Nagaland (DAN), formed by the NPF and BJP, led the state until 2018, after which an alliance of the NDPP and BJP took governance.

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What is the significance of the year 2004 in Nagaland's recent history?

Answer: The deadliest terrorist attack occurred

Explanation: The year 2004 is significant for Nagaland due to the occurrence of its deadliest terrorist attack.

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What caused civil unrest in Nagaland in early 2017?

Answer: Protests against the implementation of women's reservation in Civic Elections

Explanation: Civil unrest in Nagaland in early 2017 stemmed from protests against the government's decision to implement women's reservation in Civic Elections.

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What happened in Mon District, Nagaland, in December 2021 that caused widespread condemnation?

Answer: The killing of civilian laborers by the Indian Army

Explanation: In December 2021, the killing of civilian laborers by the Indian Army in Mon District led to widespread condemnation.

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Socio-Cultural Fabric of Nagaland

Nagaland is administratively divided into 17 districts, and its population comprises 17 major tribes, each possessing unique customs and languages.

Answer: True

Explanation: Nagaland is organized into 17 administrative districts and is home to 17 major tribes, each distinguished by its own customs and languages.

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The name 'Naga' is believed to originate from the Burmese term 'Nakas,' meaning 'people with earrings'.

Answer: True

Explanation: Historical accounts suggest the name 'Naga' may derive from the Burmese term 'Nakas,' which is interpreted to mean 'people with earrings'.

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Christian missionaries played a role in converting Naga ethnic groups from animistic practices to Christianity starting in the mid-19th century.

Answer: True

Explanation: From the mid-19th century onwards, Christian missionaries were active in Nagaland, significantly contributing to the conversion of Naga communities from their traditional animistic beliefs to Christianity.

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English serves as the official language of Nagaland, and Nagamese, a creole derived from Assamese, is widely spoken throughout the state.

Answer: True

Explanation: English is designated as the official language of Nagaland and is used as the medium of instruction, while Nagamese, a creole language, is commonly used in communication across different communities.

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Christianity is the predominant religion in Nagaland, adhered to by approximately 88% of the population.

Answer: True

Explanation: Christianity is the dominant faith in Nagaland, with roughly 88% of the population practicing it, making it a predominantly Christian state.

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Hinduism ranks as the second most practiced religion in Nagaland, with Islam being the third.

Answer: True

Explanation: Following Christianity, Hinduism is the second largest religion in Nagaland, and Islam is the third most prevalent.

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Nagaland is widely recognized as the 'Land of Festivals,' a designation stemming from its rich diversity of ethnic groups and their numerous, often agriculture-centric, celebrations.

Answer: True

Explanation: Nagaland's reputation as the 'Land of Festivals' is attributed to the vibrant cultural tapestry of its numerous ethnic communities, each celebrating a variety of festivals, frequently tied to agricultural cycles.

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The Hornbill Festival, inaugurated in 2000, serves to foster inter-ethnic interaction and preserve Nagaland's distinct cultural heritage.

Answer: True

Explanation: Launched in 2000, the Hornbill Festival is an annual event designed to promote cultural exchange among different ethnic groups and safeguard the state's heritage.

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'Kene' refers to traditional Naga wrestling, while 'Aki Kiti' is a form of traditional kick fighting.

Answer: True

Explanation: 'Kene' is recognized as Naga wrestling, and 'Aki Kiti' refers to a traditional combat sport involving kicking.

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Feasts of Merit were rituals in Naga society primarily for married men to gain social status and prestige.

Answer: True

Explanation: Feasts of Merit were significant social rituals in Naga society, primarily undertaken by married men to enhance their status and prestige.

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How many major tribes inhabit Nagaland?

Answer: 17

Explanation: Nagaland is home to 17 major native Naga ethnic groups.

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What potential meaning is suggested for the name 'Naga' derived from the Burmese term?

Answer: People with pierced noses or earrings

Explanation: The Burmese term 'Nakas' is suggested as a possible origin for the name 'Naga,' potentially meaning 'people with earrings'.

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What is the official language used for education in Nagaland?

Answer: English

Explanation: English is the official language of Nagaland and serves as the medium of education.

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Which religion is practiced by the majority of Nagaland's population?

Answer: Christianity

Explanation: Christianity is the dominant religion practiced by the majority of Nagaland's population.

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What is the primary purpose of the annual Hornbill Festival?

Answer: To foster inter-ethnic interaction and preserve cultural heritage

Explanation: The Hornbill Festival primarily aims to promote interaction among ethnic groups and preserve the state's cultural heritage.

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What is 'Kene' in the context of Naga traditional sports?

Answer: Naga wrestling

Explanation: 'Kene' is recognized as a traditional form of Naga wrestling.

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Which of the following is NOT among the major ethnic groups mentioned as residing in Nagaland?

Answer: Bodo

Explanation: The Angami, Ao, and Konyak are listed as major ethnic groups in Nagaland, while Bodo is not mentioned in this context.

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Demographics and Statistics

According to the 2011 Census, Nagaland's population was approximately 1.98 million, making it one of India's least populous states.

Answer: True

Explanation: The 2011 Census recorded Nagaland's population at 1,980,602, which positions it among the least populous states in India.

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As of 2011, Nagaland had a low urbanization rate, with the majority of its population residing in rural areas.

Answer: True

Explanation: In 2011, Nagaland's urbanization rate was low, with approximately 71.14% of its population living in rural areas.

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Nagaland was the sole Indian state to register a population decrease between the 2001 and 2011 censuses.

Answer: True

Explanation: Nagaland was unique among Indian states in experiencing a population decline between the 2001 and 2011 census periods.

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Nagaland has one of the highest life expectancies in India, with a low infant mortality rate.

Answer: True

Explanation: Nagaland exhibits a high life expectancy, among the best in India, and a notably low infant mortality rate.

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As per the 2011 Census, what was the approximate population of Nagaland?

Answer: Just under 2 million

Explanation: The 2011 Census reported Nagaland's population to be approximately 1.98 million.

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What was Nagaland's urbanization rate in 2011?

Answer: Less than 30% urban

Explanation: In 2011, Nagaland's urbanization rate was less than 30%, with the majority of the population residing in rural areas.

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What is the fertility rate in Nagaland as of 2019-21?

Answer: 1.7 children per woman

Explanation: The fertility rate in Nagaland for the period 2019-21 was recorded at 1.7 children per woman.

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Economy and Infrastructure

Nagaland possesses significant reserves of petroleum and natural gas, but lacks coal and iron ore deposits.

Answer: False

Explanation: The source indicates that Nagaland possesses significant reserves of petroleum and natural gas, along with limestone and marble, and unexploited minerals including iron, nickel, chromium, and cobalt.

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Nagaland ranks second in the region for the population served per kilometer of surfaced road.

Answer: True

Explanation: Despite maintenance challenges, Nagaland holds the second position in its region regarding the population served per kilometer of surfaced road.

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National Highway 29 is a significant route traversing Nagaland, linking Dabaka with Jessami.

Answer: True

Explanation: NH 29 is identified as a major national highway that passes through Nagaland, connecting Dabaka to Jessami.

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Dimapur Airport is the sole airport in Nagaland, providing flight services to major cities such as Kolkata and Guwahati.

Answer: True

Explanation: Dimapur Airport serves as Nagaland's only airport, offering flights to key cities including Kolkata and Guwahati.

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The Naga Mircha chilli, recognized as one of the world's hottest, was the inaugural chilli variety from Nagaland to be awarded a Geographical Indication (GI) tag.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Naga Mircha chilli, known for its extreme heat, holds the distinction of being the first chilli from Nagaland to receive a Geographical Indication (GI) tag.

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Which of these minerals is found in significant reserves in Nagaland?

Answer: Petroleum and Natural Gas

Explanation: Nagaland possesses significant reserves of petroleum and natural gas.

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Which of the following is NOT listed as a major national highway passing through Nagaland?

Answer: NH 37

Explanation: NH 37 is not listed among the major national highways passing through Nagaland in the provided information.

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What unique characteristic is associated with the Naga Mircha chilli?

Answer: It is one of the world's hottest chillies and has a GI tag

Explanation: The Naga Mircha chilli is notable for being one of the world's hottest and was the first chilli from Nagaland to receive a Geographical Indication (GI) tag.

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