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The founders of Nepal Transport Service, Karuna Ratna and Lupau Ratna Tuladhar, hailed from a family with a background in international trade.
Answer: True
Explanation: The founding brothers, Karuna Ratna and Lupau Ratna Tuladhar, were indeed from a family that managed an ancestral business involved in international trade between Tibet, India, and Nepal.
The founders' experience in managing trade between Tibet, India, and Nepal was irrelevant to establishing a transport service.
Answer: False
Explanation: The founders' extensive experience in managing trade between Tibet, India, and Nepal was highly relevant, providing them with crucial logistical and operational skills for establishing a transport service.
Who were the founders of Nepal Transport Service?
Answer: Karuna Ratna Tuladhar and Lupau Ratna Tuladhar
Explanation: Nepal Transport Service was founded by the brothers Karuna Ratna Tuladhar and Lupau Ratna Tuladhar.
Prior to establishing Nepal Transport Service, the founding Tuladhar brothers were involved in what type of business?
Answer: International trade between Tibet, India, and Nepal.
Explanation: The founders, the Tuladhar brothers, leveraged their family's long-standing involvement in international trade, managing business between Tibet, India, and Nepal, as a foundation for their transport venture.
The founders' experience in trade between Tibet, India, and Nepal likely equipped them with skills relevant to logistics and:
Answer: Route planning and cross-border procedures.
Explanation: Their background in managing international trade routes provided the founders with expertise in logistics, route planning, and navigating cross-border procedures, skills directly applicable to establishing and operating a transport service.
Nepal Transport Service holds the distinction of being the first public bus line established in Nepal.
Answer: True
Explanation: The historical records indicate that Nepal Transport Service was indeed the inaugural public bus line established within Nepal, marking a significant development in the nation's transportation infrastructure.
Nepal Transport Service maintained continuous operations from its inception in 1959 until 1970.
Answer: False
Explanation: Contrary to this assertion, Nepal Transport Service ceased its operations in 1966, thus not operating continuously until 1970.
Nepal Transport Service commenced its operations in March 1959, primarily functioning as a cargo hauling service.
Answer: True
Explanation: Nepal Transport Service began operations in March 1959, and its initial focus was on hauling cargo, not primarily as an intercity passenger bus service.
Nepal Transport Service initiated its daily intercity bus service in July 1959, connecting Kathmandu with Amlekhganj.
Answer: True
Explanation: The company launched its daily intercity bus service in July 1959, establishing a vital connection between Kathmandu and Amlekhganj.
The commencement of organized urban transportation services in Nepal occurred in September 1959 with the initiation of a local bus service by Nepal Transport Service.
Answer: True
Explanation: The initiation of organized urban transportation in Nepal by Nepal Transport Service occurred in September 1959, marking the advent of such services.
The initial Kathmandu-Patan urban service bus stop in Kathmandu was situated at the southern entrance of the city.
Answer: False
Explanation: The primary bus stop for the initial Kathmandu-Patan urban service in Kathmandu was located at the northwestern corner of Rani Pokhari, not the southern entrance.
The urban bus route connecting Kathmandu and Patan was subsequently modified to terminate at Patan Dhoka.
Answer: True
Explanation: Over time, the urban bus route between Kathmandu and Patan was indeed shortened, with its terminus eventually established at Patan Dhoka.
Nepal Transport Service exclusively operated long-distance routes and did not provide services within the Kathmandu Valley.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is false; Nepal Transport Service operated both long-distance routes and services within the Kathmandu Valley, including the Kathmandu-Patan route.
The principal long-distance routes managed by Nepal Transport Service included the Kathmandu-Amlekhganj and Kathmandu-Trishuli services.
Answer: True
Explanation: Nepal Transport Service managed two primary long-distance routes: the Kathmandu-Amlekhganj service (offering both bus and truck options) and the Kathmandu-Trishuli truck service.
The truck service connecting Kathmandu and Trishuli was introduced in April 1962.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Kathmandu-Trishuli truck service was established in April 1962, expanding the company's cargo transport capabilities.
Nepal Transport Service officially ceased its operations in 1966.
Answer: True
Explanation: The company's operational period concluded in 1966, marking the end of its services.
Rani Pokhari served as a major bus terminal for Nepal Transport Service's urban routes within Kathmandu.
Answer: True
Explanation: The northwestern corner of Rani Pokhari functioned as a significant bus stop or terminal for Nepal Transport Service's urban routes within Kathmandu.
Nepal Transport Service operated exclusively one long-distance route, connecting Kathmandu to Amlekhganj.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement is incorrect; Nepal Transport Service operated multiple long-distance routes, including Kathmandu-Amlekhganj and Kathmandu-Trishuli.
What was the primary function of Nepal Transport Service when it commenced operations in March 1959?
Answer: Hauling cargo as a trucking company.
Explanation: Upon its commencement in March 1959, Nepal Transport Service primarily functioned as a trucking company, focusing on cargo transport between Kathmandu and Amlekhganj.
For what duration did Nepal Transport Service operate?
Answer: 1959 to 1966
Explanation: Nepal Transport Service operated from 1959 until its dissolution in 1966, spanning a period of seven years.
When did Nepal Transport Service initiate its local bus service, marking the advent of organized urban transportation in Nepal?
Answer: September 1959
Explanation: The initiation of Nepal's organized urban transportation system by Nepal Transport Service occurred in September 1959 with the launch of its local bus service.
Which location served as the primary bus stop for Nepal Transport Service's initial urban route within Kathmandu?
Answer: The northwestern corner of Rani Pokhari
Explanation: The northwestern corner of Rani Pokhari was designated as the bus stop in Kathmandu for the initial urban service connecting to Patan.
Which of the following constituted one of the primary long-distance routes operated by Nepal Transport Service?
Answer: Kathmandu to Amlekhganj
Explanation: Among its key long-distance services, Nepal Transport Service operated the crucial route connecting Kathmandu to Amlekhganj.
In which year was the truck service between Kathmandu and Trishuli introduced?
Answer: 1962
Explanation: The truck service connecting Kathmandu and Trishuli was established in April 1962, expanding the company's cargo operations.
Which of the following was a specific stop for the initial Kathmandu-Patan urban service within the city of Patan?
Answer: Lagankhel
Explanation: Within Patan (Lalitpur), the initial urban bus service operated by Nepal Transport Service made stops at locations including Lagankhel, alongside Mangal Bazaar and Jawalakhel.
The modification made to the Kathmandu-Patan urban route over time involved:
Answer: Shortening the route to terminate at Patan Dhoka.
Explanation: The urban bus route connecting Kathmandu and Patan underwent a modification wherein it was eventually shortened to terminate at Patan Dhoka.
The head office of Nepal Transport Service was located at which address?
Answer: 122 Asan Tyouda Tol, Kathmandu
Explanation: The administrative headquarters of Nepal Transport Service was situated at 122 Asan Tyouda Tol in Kathmandu.
The operation of both bus and truck services on the Kathmandu-Amlekhganj route suggests Nepal Transport Service's initial strategy was to:
Answer: Cater to both passenger and cargo needs.
Explanation: By offering both bus and truck services on the Kathmandu-Amlekhganj route, Nepal Transport Service demonstrated an initial strategy to address both passenger and cargo transportation demands.
The Tribhuvan Highway played a crucial role in Nepal Transport Service's early cargo transport operations between Kathmandu and Amlekhganj.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Tribhuvan Highway, Nepal's first highway, was indeed essential for the early cargo transport activities of Nepal Transport Service connecting Kathmandu and Amlekhganj.
The intercity route between Kathmandu and Amlekhganj was characterized by its flat and straight road segments.
Answer: False
Explanation: The route between Kathmandu and Amlekhganj was not characterized by flat, straight roads; rather, it involved serpentine roads and traversed hilly terrain.
Upon arrival in Amlekhganj via Nepal Transport Service buses, passengers would transfer to the Nepal Government Railway (NGR) for onward travel.
Answer: True
Explanation: Passengers disembarking at Amlekhganj from Nepal Transport Service buses would indeed transfer to the Nepal Government Railway (NGR) to continue their journeys.
At its peak operational capacity, Nepal Transport Service maintained a fleet comprising 11 buses and 2 trucks.
Answer: True
Explanation: Records indicate that at its zenith, Nepal Transport Service operated a fleet consisting of 11 buses and 2 trucks.
The Nepal Transport Service fleet incorporated buses manufactured by Tata Mercedes-Benz, Bedford, and Chevrolet.
Answer: True
Explanation: The fleet of Nepal Transport Service was indeed comprised of buses from manufacturers such as Tata Mercedes-Benz, Bedford, and Chevrolet.
The mention of 'Barha Ghumti' relates to Nepal Transport Service as it signifies a particularly challenging section of the Tribhuvan Highway utilized by the company.
Answer: True
Explanation: 'Barha Ghumti,' referring to twelve hairpin bends, highlights a section of the Tribhuvan Highway known for its difficult terrain, which was integral to the routes operated by Nepal Transport Service.
Which highway was essential for Nepal Transport Service's initial operations connecting Kathmandu to Amlekhganj?
Answer: The Tribhuvan Highway
Explanation: The Tribhuvan Highway, being Nepal's first highway, was fundamental to the early operational routes of Nepal Transport Service, particularly the connection to Amlekhganj.
What was the subsequent mode of transport for passengers arriving at Amlekhganj via Nepal Transport Service buses?
Answer: They transferred to the Nepal Government Railway (NGR).
Explanation: Upon reaching Amlekhganj, passengers utilizing Nepal Transport Service buses would transfer to the Nepal Government Railway (NGR) for the continuation of their journey.
At its peak, what was the approximate size of the Nepal Transport Service fleet?
Answer: 11 buses and 2 trucks
Explanation: During its most active period, the Nepal Transport Service fleet comprised approximately 11 buses and 2 trucks.
The buses utilized by Nepal Transport Service, such as the Tata Mercedes-Benz and Bedford models, were primarily manufactured in which country?
Answer: India
Explanation: The Tata Mercedes-Benz and Bedford buses, among others in the Nepal Transport Service fleet, were manufactured in India by companies like TATA Engineering and Locomotive Company and Hindustan Motors.
What was the significance of the Tribhuvan Highway in relation to Nepal Transport Service's operations?
Answer: It was Nepal's first highway and essential for NTS's early routes.
Explanation: The Tribhuvan Highway, as Nepal's inaugural highway, was critically important for the establishment and operation of Nepal Transport Service's early routes, particularly those connecting Kathmandu to the southern plains.
The route between Kathmandu and Amlekhganj, served by Nepal Transport Service, was known for its challenging terrain, characterized by:
Answer: Serpentine roads and crossing two ranges of hills.
Explanation: The Kathmandu-Amlekhganj route presented significant geographical challenges, featuring serpentine roads and necessitating the traversal of two distinct ranges of hills.
What does the mention of 'Barha Ghumti' signify in the context of the Tribhuvan Highway route used by Nepal Transport Service?
Answer: It highlighted a section of the Tribhuvan Highway with twelve hairpin bends, indicating difficult terrain.
Explanation: 'Barha Ghumti,' translating to twelve hairpin bends, denotes a segment of the Tribhuvan Highway characterized by numerous sharp turns, underscoring the challenging nature of the terrain navigated by Nepal Transport Service.
What was the approximate number of buses in the Nepal Transport Service fleet at its peak?
Answer: 11
Explanation: At the height of its operations, the Nepal Transport Service fleet consisted of approximately 11 buses.
Which of the following bus models was part of the Nepal Transport Service fleet?
Answer: Tata Mercedes-Benz LP 312/36
Explanation: The Nepal Transport Service fleet included specific models such as the Tata Mercedes-Benz LP 312/36.
The primary factor cited for the dissolution of Nepal Transport Service was increased competition from private bus operators.
Answer: False
Explanation: Increased competition from private operators was not the primary reason for Nepal Transport Service's dissolution; rather, it was financial losses stemming from operational issues.
Frequent vehicle downtime, exacerbated by poor road conditions and maintenance challenges, significantly contributed to Nepal Transport Service's financial losses.
Answer: True
Explanation: The company's financial difficulties were substantially worsened by frequent vehicle downtime, which was a direct consequence of poor road infrastructure and complex maintenance requirements.
The scarcity of spare parts for its varied fleet was not identified as a factor in Nepal Transport Service's operational problems.
Answer: False
Explanation: The scarcity of necessary spare parts for its diverse fleet was, in fact, cited as a significant factor contributing to Nepal Transport Service's operational challenges.
During its final years, Nepal Transport Service was involved in a successful legal battle that improved its financial standing.
Answer: False
Explanation: Nepal Transport Service faced legal disputes in its final years, but these were unsuccessful and did not improve its financial situation; rather, they added to its burdens.
The necessity for major vehicle maintenance to be performed in India suggests that Nepal possessed sufficient domestic capacity for specialized repairs during that period.
Answer: False
Explanation: The requirement for major vehicle maintenance to be conducted in India indicates a limitation in Nepal's domestic industrial capacity for specialized vehicle repairs during the operational period of Nepal Transport Service.
What was the principal reason cited for the dissolution of Nepal Transport Service in 1966?
Answer: Inability to sustain financial losses due to operational issues.
Explanation: The primary factor leading to the dissolution of Nepal Transport Service in 1966 was its inability to overcome the persistent financial losses incurred from operational inefficiencies.
Which of the following was NOT a contributing factor to the financial difficulties and eventual dissolution of Nepal Transport Service?
Answer: Intense competition from private airlines
Explanation: While operational issues like downtime, spare parts scarcity, and maintenance abroad contributed to financial difficulties, intense competition from private airlines was not cited as a factor in the dissolution of Nepal Transport Service.
What financial and legal challenges did Nepal Transport Service encounter during its final operational years?
Answer: An unsuccessful legal dispute concerning an increase in income tax.
Explanation: In its concluding years, Nepal Transport Service faced an unsuccessful legal dispute regarding an increase in income tax, which compounded its existing financial difficulties.
What does the necessity for major vehicle maintenance to be performed in India suggest about Nepal's industrial infrastructure during the period of Nepal Transport Service's operation?
Answer: Nepal's domestic capacity for specialized vehicle repair was limited.
Explanation: The reliance on India for major vehicle maintenance indicates that Nepal's domestic industrial infrastructure at the time lacked the specialized capacity required for comprehensive repairs of the Nepal Transport Service fleet.
What does the dissolution of Nepal Transport Service in 1966 highlight about the challenges of public transportation in Nepal during that era?
Answer: The significant difficulties in infrastructure, maintenance, and financial viability.
Explanation: The dissolution of Nepal Transport Service in 1966 underscores the considerable challenges faced in establishing and sustaining public transportation in Nepal during that period, particularly concerning infrastructure, maintenance, and financial sustainability.
The buses operated by Nepal Transport Service were painted bright yellow with green stripes.
Answer: False
Explanation: The livery of Nepal Transport Service buses was not bright yellow with green stripes; they were distinctively dark blue with a white band.
A commemorative postage stamp honoring the founders of Nepal Transport Service was issued on December 31, 2012.
Answer: True
Explanation: On December 31, 2012, the government of Nepal issued a commemorative postage stamp to honor the founders of Nepal Transport Service.
The commemorative postage stamp featured portraits of the founders and an image of a Bedford bus.
Answer: False
Explanation: The commemorative postage stamp honored the founders and depicted a Chevrolet bus from the Nepal Transport Service fleet, not a Bedford bus.
The distinct dark blue livery with a white band on NTS buses helped establish a recognizable brand identity.
Answer: True
Explanation: The distinctive dark blue paint with a white band, along with the company name inscribed in both Devanagari and English, served to create a recognizable brand identity for Nepal Transport Service buses.
How were the Nepal Transport Service buses visually identified by their livery?
Answer: Dark blue paint with a white band bearing the company name.
Explanation: Nepal Transport Service buses were distinguished by their dark blue livery, accented with a white band below the windows, which bore the company's name in both Devanagari and English.
What imagery was featured on the commemorative postage stamp issued in honor of the Nepal Transport Service founders?
Answer: Portraits of the founders and a Chevrolet bus.
Explanation: The commemorative postage stamp featured their portraits alongside an image of a Chevrolet bus from the Nepal Transport Service fleet.