Explanation: The designation "New World" primarily reflects a European perspective, referring to the lands of the Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas, as understood during the era of exploration and colonization.

Explanation: While Columbus's voyages began in the late 15th century, the term "New World" gained widespread usage and conceptual clarity in the early 16th century, particularly following Amerigo Vespucci's influential writings.

Explanation: Contrary to the belief that the lands were part of Asia, Amerigo Vespucci's *Mundus Novus* argued that they were an entirely new continent, thereby establishing the concept of a "New World."

Explanation: Vespucci's articulation of a "New World" expanded the known geographical scope for European scholars, challenging the long-held view that the world consisted only of Africa, Asia, and Europe.

Explanation: The *Mundus Novus* letter, published circa 1503-04, was significant for articulating the hypothesis that the Americas were a distinct continent, not part of Asia. It was a widely circulated work that contributed to this new geographical understanding.

Explanation: Vespucci's *Mundus Novus* letter was not ignored; rather, it became a publishing sensation, widely reprinted and disseminated across Europe, significantly impacting geographical understanding by articulating the Americas as a separate continent.

Explanation: Amerigo Vespucci's *Mundus Novus* letter achieved widespread publication and was instrumental in articulating the concept of the Americas as a distinct continent, separate from Asia.

Explanation: The term "New World" gained prominence in the early 16th century, intrinsically linked to the period of European exploration and the subsequent colonization of the Americas.

Explanation: The term "New World" is primarily associated with a European perspective, reflecting the viewpoint of explorers and colonizers who encountered these lands.

Explanation: The term "New World" emerged and gained prominence in the early 16th century, coinciding with the period of extensive European exploration and colonization.

Explanation: Amerigo Vespucci is widely credited with popularizing the term "New World" through his influential pamphlet *Mundus Novus*.

Explanation: The central argument of Vespucci's *Mundus Novus* was that the lands discovered were not part of Asia but constituted entirely new continents, thus forming a "New World."

Explanation: Vespucci's *Mundus Novus* letter, published around 1503-04, was significant for being the first widely circulated publication to explicitly propose that the Americas were a distinct continent.

Explanation: Vespucci's *Mundus Novus* letter was a significant publishing success, being widely reprinted and disseminated throughout Europe, which greatly contributed to the spread of the "New World" concept.

Explanation: Vespucci's *Mundus Novus* letter significantly impacted European geographical knowledge by presenting the Americas as a distinct continent, thereby expanding the known world.

Explanation: Vespucci's realization that the Americas were a "New World" significantly expanded the geographical horizons of European geographers, challenging their previous conception of the world's composition.

Explanation: In Amerigo Vespucci's *Mundus Novus*, the "New World" designation was initially applied specifically to the continental landmass of South America.

Explanation: Christopher Columbus consistently maintained that the lands he reached were the eastern edges of Asia, often referring to them as "the Indies." The popularization of the term "New World" is primarily attributed to Amerigo Vespucci's writings.

Explanation: Alvise Cadamosto, a Venetian explorer, used the phrase "un altro mondo" (another world) to describe sub-Saharan Africa, not the Americas, in the mid-15th century. This usage predates the popularization of the "New World" concept for the Americas.

Explanation: Peter Martyr d'Anghiera's early writings, beginning in 1493, employed terms like "new hemisphere" and "western antipodes," predating the popularization of the "New World" concept by Amerigo Vespucci.

Explanation: Christopher Columbus remained convinced until his passing in 1506 that his voyages had reached the eastern shores of Asia, commonly referred to as "the Indies."

Explanation: Amerigo Vespucci's *Mundus Novus* letter indicates that he identified the lands as a "New World" on August 17, 1501, during his expedition to Brazil.

Explanation: In his *Mundus Novus* letter, Vespucci described the continent as being more populous and temperate than Europe, Asia, or Africa, contrary to the assertion that it was less so.

Explanation: Vasco Núñez de Balboa is credited with the discovery of the Pacific Ocean in 1513 during his exploration of the Isthmus of Panama.

Explanation: Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation (1519-1522) confirmed the existence of the vast Pacific Ocean, definitively separating the Americas from Asia, rather than confirming a land bridge.

Explanation: The discovery of the Bering Straits in the early 18th century confirmed that Asia and North America were not physically connected by a land bridge, but rather separated by a strait.

Explanation: Giovanni da Verrazzano's 1524 account of his voyage along the Atlantic coast of North America utilized the term "New World" to describe the newly encountered territories.

Explanation: Giovanni da Verrazzano's 1524 account referred to the Atlantic coast of North America as the "New World," not the coastlines of Asia.

Explanation: While Alvise Cadamosto used the phrase "another world" for sub-Saharan Africa, this was a literary description and not the origin of the "New World" concept as applied to the Americas, which is primarily attributed to Amerigo Vespucci.

Explanation: Peter Martyr d'Anghiera's early accounts, beginning in 1493, used terms that predated Amerigo Vespucci's widely disseminated writings which popularized the "New World" concept.

Explanation: The Venetian explorer Alvise Cadamosto used the phrase "un altro mondo" (another world) to describe sub-Saharan Africa in his mid-15th-century writings.

Explanation: Peter Martyr d'Anghiera used terms such as "new hemisphere of the earth" and "western antipodes" in his early writings about the newly discovered lands.

Explanation: Christopher Columbus maintained until his death in 1506 that the lands he reached were the eastern parts of Asia, commonly known as 'the Indies'.

Explanation: In his *Mundus Novus* letter, Vespucci described the "New World" continent as being more populous and temperate than the known regions of Europe, Asia, and Africa.

Explanation: Vasco Núñez de Balboa discovered the western coast of the New World and sighted the Pacific Ocean in 1513.

Explanation: Ferdinand Magellan's voyage established that the Pacific Ocean was a vast, single body of water that definitively separated the Americas from Asia.

Explanation: The *Junta de Navegantes* conferences convened by the Spanish monarchs established a new objective for explorers: to locate a sea passage through the Americas to reach Asia.

Explanation: The discovery of the Bering Straits in the early 18th century confirmed that Asia and North America were not physically connected by a land bridge.

Explanation: In 1524, Giovanni da Verrazzano used the term "New World" in his account of exploring the Atlantic coast of North America.

Explanation: Christopher Columbus believed that the lands he discovered were the eastern edges of Asia, commonly referred to as the Indies.

Explanation: The Cantino planisphere (1502) depicted the Americas as separate from Asia, though it suggested a potential connection by showing the Asian landmass extending eastward. It did not depict a clear land bridge.

Explanation: Martin Waldseemüller's 1507 map, published alongside *Cosmographiae Introductio*, was indeed the first to label the newly identified continent "America," honoring Amerigo Vespucci.

Explanation: Martin Waldseemüller's subsequent map in 1516 represented a revision, depicting North America as connected to Asia (labeled "Terra de Cuba Asie partis") and removing the "America" designation from South America.

Explanation: The 1533 Johannes Schöner globe, contrary to reflecting the latest understanding, depicted North America as connected to Asia by a land bridge, indicating that some cartographic representations lagged behind the evolving geographical consensus.

Explanation: Early 16th-century cartography exhibited evolving understanding; while some maps began to delineate the Americas separately, others still suggested connections or extensions of Asia, indicating inconsistency rather than uniformity in depicting them as entirely distinct.

Explanation: Martin Waldseemüller's 1507 map was groundbreaking in its clear depiction of the Americas as a distinct continent, separate from Asia, and notably included the label "America."

Explanation: The Waldseemüller map of 1507 is renowned for being the first to label the newly discovered continents as "America," in honor of Amerigo Vespucci.

Explanation: In his 1516 map, Martin Waldseemüller revised his earlier depiction by merging the Asian landmass with North America and labeling it "Terra de Cuba Asie partis."

Explanation: The Cantino planisphere and Canerio map suggested a potential connection between Asia and the Americas by depicting the Asian landmass extending eastward towards the newly mapped territories.

Explanation: "New World crops" refers to plants that were domesticated in the Americas and subsequently introduced to other parts of the world, not those originating from Europe, Africa, or Asia.

Explanation: While sweetpotato is Andean, cashew and cocoa originated in Mesoamerica and South America respectively, but not exclusively the Andean region for all three.

Explanation: Maize (corn) is a prime example of a "New World" crop domesticated in Mesoamerica, forming a staple part of the "three sisters" agricultural system.

Explanation: The turkey is a significant domesticated animal originating from Mesoamerica, representing a key "New World" agricultural contribution.

Explanation: The potato is a major crop that originated in the Andean region of South America, representing a significant "New World" contribution to global agriculture.

Explanation: A significant agricultural difference prior to post-Columbian contact was that the Americas lacked many of the staple crops and domesticated animals that were common in the Old World.

Explanation: Cotton is one of the few crops believed to have undergone independent domestication in both the Old World and the New World.

Explanation: The continents of Asia, Africa, and Europe share a common agricultural history rooted in the Neolithic Revolution, characterized by the domestication and diffusion of plants and animals across these regions.

Explanation: Squash is a crop that originated in Mesoamerica and is recognized as one of the "three sisters" (maize, beans, squash), a foundational agricultural system.

Explanation: The llama is a key domesticated animal originating from the Andean region of South America, representing an important agricultural contribution from that area.

Explanation: The continents of Africa, Asia, and Europe, which were known prior to the voyages of discovery to the Americas, were subsequently referred to as the "Old World" in contrast to the newly encountered lands.

Explanation: Contemporary criticism of the term "New World" focuses on its eurocentric perspective and implication of colonial "discovery," rather than its inclusivity of indigenous perspectives.

Explanation: In biological taxonomy, the "New World" label is applied to species endemic to the Americas to differentiate them from species found in Europe, Africa, and Asia (the "Old World").

Explanation: In viticulture, "New World wines" denote those originating from regions beyond the traditional European, North African, and Near Eastern centers of winemaking, encompassing areas like the Americas, Australia, and South Africa.

Explanation: The "Old World" is a term used to collectively identify the continents of Africa, Asia, and Europe, representing the regions known to European geographers prior to the extensive exploration of the Americas.

Explanation: A significant criticism of the term "New World" is its inherent eurocentrism, suggesting a colonial "discovery" that fails to acknowledge the established civilizations and indigenous populations present before European arrival.

Explanation: A primary criticism of the term "New World" is that it implies a colonial "discovery," thereby overlooking the established civilizations and indigenous peoples who inhabited these lands prior to European arrival.

Explanation: In the context of wine classification, "New World wines" refer to those produced in regions outside the traditional European, North African, and Near Eastern areas, including the Americas, Australia, and South Africa.

Explanation: The term "New World" is criticized for its colonial implications and for overlooking indigenous civilizations, not for being overly neutral or objective.

Explanation: "New World wines" are primarily characterized by their origin in regions outside the traditional centers of European, North African, and Near Eastern winemaking.

Explanation: The primary historical criticism of the term "New World" is that it embodies a colonial perspective, implying discovery and overlooking the established indigenous civilizations.

Explanation: In biological taxonomy, the term "New World" is used to classify species endemic to the Americas, distinguishing them from "Old World" counterparts. An example is "New World vultures."