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An online encyclopedia is fundamentally defined as a digital encyclopedia accessible via the Internet.
Answer: True
Explanation: An online encyclopedia, also known as an 'Internet encyclopedia', is defined as a digital encyclopedia that is accessible through the Internet.
The 'See also' section of the article lists 'Digital library' and 'Reference software' as related categories.
Answer: True
Explanation: The 'See also' section lists 'Digital library' and 'Reference software' as related categories.
Wikimedia Commons contains media specifically related to 'Internet encyclopedias'.
Answer: True
Explanation: Wikimedia Commons contains a media category specifically related to 'Internet encyclopedias'.
The 'Academic American Encyclopedia' became accessible through pre-World Wide Web services in 1990.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'Academic American Encyclopedia' became accessible through pre-World Wide Web services starting in 1980, not 1990.
What is the fundamental definition of an online encyclopedia?
Answer: A digital encyclopedia accessible through the Internet.
Explanation: An online encyclopedia is fundamentally defined as a digital encyclopedia that is accessible through the Internet.
Which of the following online encyclopedias was accessible through pre-World Wide Web services starting in 1980?
Answer: Academic American Encyclopedia
Explanation: The 'Academic American Encyclopedia' was available through pre-World Wide Web services starting in 1980.
What type of content is available on Wikimedia Commons concerning Internet encyclopedias?
Answer: Media related to 'Internet encyclopedias'.
Explanation: Wikimedia Commons is a repository for free-use media files and contains media related to the category of 'Internet encyclopedias'.
Where can one find an external resource detailing national online encyclopedias, according to the source?
Answer: The World Atlas of National Online Encyclopedias.
Explanation: The source identifies 'The World Atlas of National Online Encyclopedias' as an external resource for information on this topic.
The article mentions 'List of online encyclopedias' as a related category under which section?
Answer: See also
Explanation: The 'See also' section of the source article lists 'List of online encyclopedias' as a related category.
Project Gutenberg began publishing the ASCII text of the *Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition* in 1990.
Answer: False
Explanation: Project Gutenberg began publishing the ASCII text of the Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition, in January 1995, not 1990.
Project Gutenberg successfully digitized all volumes of the *Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition* without any interruptions.
Answer: False
Explanation: Project Gutenberg's work was halted after the first volume due to disagreements regarding the method of digitization.
The digitized text of the *Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition*, published by Project Gutenberg, was named 'Gutenberg Encyclopedia' for copyright reasons.
Answer: True
Explanation: Due to trademark reasons, Project Gutenberg published the digitized text under the name 'Gutenberg Encyclopedia'.
The most recent update to Project Gutenberg's digitized *Encyclopædia Britannica* occurred in September 2015.
Answer: False
Explanation: The most recent update to Project Gutenberg's digitized Encyclopædia Britannica occurred in September 2018, not 2015.
The publishers of *Britannica* initially distributed their digitized content as an online subscription service before offering it on CD-ROM.
Answer: False
Explanation: The publishers of Britannica initially distributed their digitized content as a CD-ROM before transitioning to an online service.
The website that published the ASCII text of all 28 volumes of the *Encyclopædia Britannica* 11th Edition in 2001 is still active today.
Answer: False
Explanation: The website that published the ASCII text of the Encyclopædia Britannica 11th Edition in 2001 no longer exists.
'Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897)' was digitized by the Christian Classics Ethereal Library.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Christian Classics Ethereal Library was responsible for digitizing 'Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897)'.
The image accompanying the 'Digitization of existing content' section shows a modern digital encyclopedia interface.
Answer: False
Explanation: The image shows a scan of the 11th edition of 'Encyclopedia Britannica' on archive.org, illustrating the digitization of a historical work, not a modern interface.
The most recent publication by Project Gutenberg for the *Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th Edition* was 'Volume 17 Slice 1: "Lord Chamberlain" to "Luqman"'.
Answer: True
Explanation: The most recent publication by Project Gutenberg for the 11th Edition was 'Volume 17 Slice 1: "Lord Chamberlain" to "Luqman"', released on August 9, 2013.
Other online encyclopedias found on platforms like Wikisource or the Internet Archive are guaranteed to be complete and from the latest editions.
Answer: False
Explanation: The source notes that other online encyclopedias on platforms like Wikisource or the Internet Archive may vary in their completeness or originate from different editions.
When did Project Gutenberg begin publishing the ASCII text of the *Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition*?
Answer: January 1995
Explanation: Project Gutenberg began publishing the ASCII text of the 'Encyclopædia Britannica', 11th edition, in January 1995.
Why did Project Gutenberg halt its work on the *Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition* after the first volume?
Answer: Disagreements regarding the method of digitization.
Explanation: The project was halted after the first volume due to disagreements about the digitization method.
Under what name did Project Gutenberg publish the digitized *Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition*, and what was the reason for this naming convention?
Answer: Gutenberg Encyclopedia, due to trademark reasons.
Explanation: Project Gutenberg published the text under the name 'Gutenberg Encyclopedia' to avoid trademark issues with the 'Encyclopædia Britannica' name.
When was the most recent update made to Project Gutenberg's digitized and proofread version of the *Encyclopædia Britannica*?
Answer: September 2018
Explanation: The most recent update to Project Gutenberg's digitized and proofread version of the 'Encyclopædia Britannica' was in September 2018.
How did the publishers of *Britannica* initially distribute their digitized content?
Answer: As a CD-ROM.
Explanation: The publishers of 'Britannica' initially digitized their content and sold it as a CD-ROM before later offering it as an online service.
What was the fate of the website that published the ASCII text of all 28 volumes of the *Encyclopædia Britannica* 11th Edition in 2001?
Answer: It no longer exists.
Explanation: The website that published the ASCII text of the 11th Edition in 2001, which included a copyright claim, no longer exists.
Which organization was responsible for digitizing 'Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897)'?
Answer: Christian Classics Ethereal Library
Explanation: The Christian Classics Ethereal Library was responsible for digitizing 'Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897)'.
What does the image accompanying the 'Digitization of existing content' section illustrate?
Answer: A scan of the 11th edition of 'Encyclopedia Britannica' on archive.org.
Explanation: The image shows a scan of the 11th edition of 'Encyclopedia Britannica' on archive.org, illustrating the process of digitizing existing historical content.
Which particular volume of the *Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th Edition* was the most recently published by Project Gutenberg?
Answer: Volume 17 Slice 1: 'Lord Chamberlain' to 'Luqman'
Explanation: The most recent volume published by Project Gutenberg from the 11th Edition was 'Volume 17 Slice 1: "Lord Chamberlain" to "Luqman"'.
The 'Global Encyclopedia' was an early online encyclopedia that focused on digitizing existing print works.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'Global Encyclopedia' was an early online encyclopedia that focused on the creation of new content, not the digitization of existing print works.
James Rettig delivered a favorable review of the *Global Encyclopedia* in November 1995.
Answer: False
Explanation: James Rettig delivered an unfavorable and critical review of the 'Global Encyclopedia' in November 1995.
James Rettig criticized the *Global Encyclopedia* for its strict adherence to article structure and content guidelines.
Answer: False
Explanation: James Rettig's criticism was the opposite; he noted that the 'Global Encyclopedia' lacked standards or guidelines for article structure and content.
The *Global Encyclopedia* article entry for 'Iowa City' mentioned it was home to the University of Iowa.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source cites an article entry for 'Iowa City' from the 'Global Encyclopedia' which mentioned it was home to the University of Iowa.
Nupedia and GNUpedia are examples of online encyclopedia projects that are still active today.
Answer: False
Explanation: Both Nupedia and GNUpedia are now defunct online encyclopedia projects.
The 15th Annual Charleston Conference, where James Rettig reviewed the *Global Encyclopedia*, focused on library acquisitions.
Answer: True
Explanation: James Rettig's review was presented at the 15th Annual Charleston Conference, an event focused on library acquisitions and related issues.
Which early online encyclopedia focused on the creation of new content rather than digitizing existing works?
Answer: Global Encyclopedia
Explanation: The 'Global Encyclopedia' was an early example of an online encyclopedia that focused on creating new content rather than digitizing existing works.
Who delivered an unfavorable review of the *Global Encyclopedia* in November 1995?
Answer: James Rettig
Explanation: James Rettig, a university librarian, delivered an unfavorable review of the 'Global Encyclopedia' in November 1995.
What was one of James Rettig's primary criticisms of the *Global Encyclopedia*?
Answer: It lacked standards or guidelines for article structure.
Explanation: One of James Rettig's primary criticisms was that the 'Global Encyclopedia' was a volunteer effort that lacked standards or guidelines for article structure and content.
Which of the following online encyclopedia projects, created around the same time as the *Global Encyclopedia*, are now defunct?
Answer: Nupedia and GNUpedia
Explanation: Nupedia and GNUpedia were two online encyclopedia projects created in the early 2000s that are now defunct.
What was the primary criticism James Rettig had regarding the *Global Encyclopedia*'s claim of fact-checking and correction?
Answer: He deemed it an exaggeration.
Explanation: James Rettig criticized the 'Global Encyclopedia's' claim of fact-checking and correction, deeming it an exaggeration.
What was the approximate population of Iowa City as described in the *Global Encyclopedia* article entry?
Answer: Approximately 60,000 people
Explanation: The 'Global Encyclopedia' article entry for 'Iowa City' described it as a city of approximately 60,000 people.
Wikipedia's content is primarily created by paid professional editors.
Answer: False
Explanation: Wikipedia's content is created and maintained by a global community of volunteer contributors, not paid professional editors.
Wikipedia was co-founded by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger in 2001.
Answer: True
Explanation: Wikipedia was co-founded by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger in 2001.
Wikipedia was initially established as an independent project, separate from any existing online encyclopedias.
Answer: False
Explanation: Wikipedia was initially established as a subproject of Bomis' Nupedia, not as an independent project.
Wikipedia is maintained by a global community of paid professional writers.
Answer: False
Explanation: Wikipedia is written and maintained by a global community of volunteer contributors, not paid professional writers.
The Wikimedia Foundation is a for-profit organization responsible for operating Wikipedia.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Wikimedia Foundation, which operates Wikipedia, is a non-profit organization.
According to the source, what is a key characteristic of Wikipedia's content creation?
Answer: It is created by volunteer contributors.
Explanation: Wikipedia's content is created and maintained by a global community of volunteer contributors.
Who co-founded Wikipedia in 2001?
Answer: Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger
Explanation: Wikipedia was co-founded in 2001 by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger.
What was Wikipedia's initial relationship to Nupedia upon its establishment?
Answer: It was a subproject of Bomis' Nupedia.
Explanation: Wikipedia was initially established as a subproject of Nupedia, an earlier online encyclopedia project from the company Bomis.
What non-profit organization is currently responsible for the operation of Wikipedia?
Answer: The Wikimedia Foundation
Explanation: Wikipedia is operated by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation.
Wikipedia is recognized as the largest and most-read reference work in history.
Answer: True
Explanation: Wikipedia holds the distinction of being the largest and most-read reference work in history.
Wikipedia's content licensing policy requires explicit permission for the creation of content forks.
Answer: False
Explanation: Wikipedia's liberal content licensing policy permits the creation of content forks without requiring explicit permission.
'Conservapedia' and 'RationalWiki' are examples of Wikipedia content forks created to align with state ideologies.
Answer: False
Explanation: Conservapedia and RationalWiki are examples of smaller wikis created for niche political or religious viewpoints, not state ideologies. Examples for state ideologies include Ruviki and Qiuwen Baike.
Baidu Baike is a Chinese encyclopedia built entirely on content forked from Wikipedia.
Answer: False
Explanation: Baidu Baike is a Chinese encyclopedia primarily created locally, although it is built partly on Wikipedia content. It is not entirely a fork.
What is Wikipedia's notable distinction in the history of reference works?
Answer: It holds the distinction of being the largest and most-read reference work in history.
Explanation: Wikipedia is recognized as being the largest and most-read reference work in history.
What aspect of Wikipedia's policy allows for the creation of content forks without requiring explicit permission?
Answer: Its liberal content licensing policy.
Explanation: Wikipedia's liberal content licensing policy is the aspect that permits the creation of content forks without requiring explicit permission from the foundation.
Which of the following is an example of a Wikipedia content fork created to align with state ideologies, as mentioned in the source?
Answer: Ruviki
Explanation: Ruviki is cited as an example of a Russian Wikipedia fork created to align with state ideologies.
Which of these is an example of a smaller, wiki-based encyclopedia developed to promote specific niche political or religious viewpoints?
Answer: Conservapedia
Explanation: Conservapedia is provided as an example of a smaller, wiki-based encyclopedia developed to promote a specific niche political viewpoint.
Encarta was an online encyclopedia available from 2000 to 2009.
Answer: True
Explanation: The source confirms that Microsoft's Encarta was an online encyclopedia available from 2000 to 2009.
The 'Great Russian Encyclopedia' was a successful online launch in 2022 and continues to operate.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'Great Russian Encyclopedia' was launched online in 2022 but was subsequently discontinued.
The 'Great Soviet Encyclopedia' was launched online in 2022 and was later succeeded by the 'Great Russian Encyclopedia'.
Answer: False
Explanation: The 'Great Russian Encyclopedia' is the successor to the 'Great Soviet Encyclopedia'; it was launched in 2022 and then discontinued. The question incorrectly reverses the timeline and succession.
What was the outcome for the 'Great Russian Encyclopedia' after its online launch in 2022?
Answer: It was subsequently discontinued.
Explanation: The 'Great Russian Encyclopedia' was launched online in 2022 but was subsequently discontinued.
In what year did Encyclopæ Britannica become available as an online service, according to the examples provided?
Answer: 2016
Explanation: According to the list of examples, 'Encyclopædia Britannica' has been available as an online service since 2016.
Which of the following online encyclopedias was launched in 1998?
Answer: Encyclopedia.com
Explanation: Encyclopedia.com is listed as having been launched in 1998.