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Ostmark was officially designated as a Reichsgau of Nazi Germany following the annexation of Austria.
Answer: True
Explanation: Ostmark was officially designated as a Reichsgau in 1938, following the annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany, an event known as the Anschluss.
Ostmark was established as a Reichsgau in 1939, shortly after the Anschluss.
Answer: False
Explanation: Ostmark was officially established as a Reichsgau in 1938, not 1939, following the Anschluss.
The Federal State of Prussia was the political entity that preceded the establishment of Ostmark.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Federal State of Austria, not Prussia, was the political entity that preceded the establishment of Ostmark.
The Nazi government renamed Austria to Ostmark to erase its identity as an independent state.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Nazi government renamed Austria following the Anschluss to symbolize its incorporation into the German Reich and to erase its identity as an independent state. This renaming aimed to integrate Austria administratively and ideologically into Greater Germany.
From the Anschluss until 1939, Austria was officially designated as 'Land Österreich'.
Answer: True
Explanation: From the Anschluss until 1939, Austria was officially designated as 'Land Österreich,' which translates to State of Austria. This designation was used prior to the territory's reorganization into Reichsgaue.
What was the official designation of Ostmark within Nazi Germany?
Answer: A Reichsgau
Explanation: Ostmark was officially designated as a Reichsgau of Nazi Germany. A Reichsgau served as a primary administrative division established by the Nazi Party to govern territories incorporated into the German Reich, replacing older state structures.
In what year was Ostmark established as a Reichsgau?
Answer: 1938
Explanation: Ostmark was established as a Reichsgau in 1938. This followed the annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany, known as the Anschluss.
What political entity governed Austria immediately before the establishment of Ostmark?
Answer: The Federal State of Austria
Explanation: The Federal State of Austria preceded the establishment of Ostmark. This political entity governed Austria prior to its incorporation into Nazi Germany.
The Nazi renaming of Austria to Ostmark was intended to achieve which primary goal?
Answer: To symbolically integrate the territory and diminish its distinct national identity.
Explanation: The primary reason for the Nazi government's renaming of Austria to Ostmark was to symbolically integrate the territory into Nazi Germany and diminish its distinct national identity. The name evoked historical connections to frontier marches, positioning Austria as an eastern part of the Reich.
What historical event led directly to the incorporation of Austria into Nazi Germany and the creation of Ostmark?
Answer: The Anschluss
Explanation: The historical event that led to the incorporation of Austria into Nazi Germany and the subsequent creation of Ostmark was the Anschluss. This annexation occurred in March 1938, marking the end of Austria's independence.
The Ostmarkgesetz was enacted to abolish the administrative structure of Austria.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Ostmarkgesetz reorganized Austria's former states into Reichsgaue, fundamentally changing the administrative structure rather than abolishing it entirely.
The Ostmarkgesetz took effect on May 1, 1939.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Ostmarkgesetz took effect on May 1, 1939. This legislation formally established the administrative divisions known as Reichsgaue within Ostmark.
The Ostmarkgesetz reorganized Austria's former federal states into eight Reichsgaue.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Ostmarkgesetz reorganized Austria's former federal states into seven Reichsgaue, not eight.
What legislation formally reorganized Austria's former states into Reichsgaue?
Answer: The Ostmarkgesetz
Explanation: The reorganization of Austria's former states into Reichsgaue was formally enacted by the Ostmarkgesetz. This law fundamentally altered the administrative structure of the incorporated territory.
What was the effective date of the Ostmarkgesetz?
Answer: May 1, 1939
Explanation: The Ostmarkgesetz took effect on May 1, 1939. This legislation formally established the administrative divisions known as Reichsgaue within Ostmark.
How did the Ostmarkgesetz alter Austria's administrative structure?
Answer: It divided Austria into seven Reichsgaue, replacing the old state structure.
Explanation: The Ostmarkgesetz reorganized the former federal states of Austria into seven Reichsgaue. This action replaced the existing state structure with a new administrative system aligned with Nazi Germany's governance model.
Arthur Seyss-Inquart held the position of Reichsstatthalter in Ostmark from 1939 to 1941.
Answer: False
Explanation: Arthur Seyss-Inquart served as Reichsstatthalter in Ostmark from 1938 to 1939, not from 1939 to 1941.
The Third Reich pursued a policy of decentralization, allowing former states within Ostmark to retain autonomy.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Third Reich pursued a policy of centralization, replacing former states with uniform Reichsgaue and eliminating regional autonomy, rather than decentralization.
Officials governing each Reichsgau held the dual positions of Reichsstatthalter and Gauleiter.
Answer: True
Explanation: Officials governing each Reichsgau typically held the dual positions of Reichsstatthalter (governor) and Gauleiter (Nazi Party leader). This combination of civil and party authority was designed to ensure centralized control.
The administrative map of Ostmark from 1941 depicted only the Reichsgaue and Landkreise.
Answer: False
Explanation: The administrative map of Ostmark from 1941 depicted not only the Reichsgaue and Landkreise but also CdZ Gebiete (Chief Civil Administration Areas) and Stadtkreise (urban districts).
Who held the position of Reichsstatthalter in Ostmark from 1938 to 1939?
Answer: Arthur Seyss-Inquart
Explanation: Arthur Seyss-Inquart held the position of Reichsstatthalter in Ostmark from 1938 to 1939.
What was the primary administrative principle of the Third Reich regarding its subdivisions like the Reichsgaue?
Answer: Complete centralization and replacement of old structures.
Explanation: The Third Reich operated under a principle of complete centralization, wherein administrative subdivisions such as the Reichsgaue replaced traditional federal states. This structure ensured direct control from the central Nazi government.
What dual governmental positions were held by officials governing each Reichsgau?
Answer: Reichsstatthalter and Gauleiter
Explanation: Officials governing each Reichsgau typically held the dual positions of Reichsstatthalter (governor) and Gauleiter (Nazi Party leader). This combination of civil and party authority was designed to ensure centralized control.
What was the significance of the Reichsgau as an administrative unit in Nazi Germany?
Answer: It was a key element in centralizing power and imposing uniform governance.
Explanation: The Reichsgau was a significant administrative subdivision within Nazi Germany, established to replace traditional federal states. It represented a key element in the Nazi regime's policy of centralizing power and imposing uniform governance across the Reich.
Vienna served as the capital city of the Reichsgau Ostmark.
Answer: True
Explanation: The capital city of Ostmark was Vienna. Vienna served as the largest city and primary administrative center of the territory.
The seven Reichsgaue established within Ostmark included Bavaria and Saxony.
Answer: False
Explanation: The seven Reichsgaue established within Ostmark did not include Bavaria and Saxony; they were Carinthia, Niederdonau, Salzburg, Styria, Oberdonau, Tyrol, and Vienna.
The Reichsgau Carinthia was expanded after the 1941 Balkans Campaign to include Slovenian Carinthia.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Reichsgau of Carinthia incorporated Carinthia, including East Tyrol, and was later expanded with Slovenian Carinthia and Upper Carniola following the 1941 Balkans Campaign. This expansion reflected territorial gains made during World War II.
The former Austrian state of Lower Austria was renamed the Oberdonau Reichsgau.
Answer: False
Explanation: The former Austrian state of Lower Austria was renamed the Niederdonau (Lower Danube) Reichsgau, not the Oberdonau Reichsgau.
The Reichsgau of Styria was formed from the state of Styria and later incorporated Lower Styria.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Reichsgau of Styria was formed from the state of Styria and was subsequently expanded to include Lower Styria as occupied territory following the 1941 Balkans Campaign. This expansion incorporated areas previously outside Austrian borders.
The Reichsgau Tyrol comprised North Tyrol and the administrative district of Vorarlberg.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Reichsgau designated as Tyrol comprised North Tyrol and the administrative district of Vorarlberg. This administrative unit combined these western Austrian regions.
Greater Vienna, the Reichsgau of Vienna, incorporated surrounding municipalities from Styria in 1938.
Answer: False
Explanation: Greater Vienna, the Reichsgau of Vienna, incorporated surrounding municipalities from Lower Austria in 1938, not from Styria.
Which city served as the capital of Ostmark?
Answer: Vienna
Explanation: The capital city of Ostmark was Vienna. Vienna served as the largest city and primary administrative center of the territory.
Which of the following was NOT one of the seven Reichsgaue established within Ostmark?
Answer: Bavaria
Explanation: Bavaria was not one of the seven Reichsgaue established within Ostmark; the list includes Carinthia, Niederdonau, Salzburg, Styria, Oberdonau, Tyrol, and Vienna.
The Reichsgau Niederdonau was formed primarily from which former Austrian state?
Answer: Lower Austria
Explanation: The former Austrian state of Lower Austria was renamed the Niederdonau (Lower Danube) Reichsgau, with its capital located at Krems an der Donau.
Which Reichsgau corresponded to the Austrian state of Salzburg?
Answer: Salzburg
Explanation: The Reichsgau that corresponded to the Austrian state of Salzburg was simply named Salzburg, maintaining the name of the original state.
The Reichsgau Oberdonau was based on which former Austrian state?
Answer: Upper Austria
Explanation: The Austrian state of Upper Austria formed the basis for the Oberdonau (Upper Danube) Reichsgau. This region also encompassed territories such as the Ausseerland and areas annexed from Bohemia.
Which Reichsgau comprised North Tyrol and Vorarlberg?
Answer: Tyrol
Explanation: The Reichsgau designated as Tyrol comprised North Tyrol and the administrative district of Vorarlberg. This administrative unit combined these western Austrian regions.
How was Vienna's administrative status changed within Ostmark?
Answer: It became the capital of the entire Reichsgau Ostmark, known as Greater Vienna.
Explanation: Vienna's administrative status was changed to form the Reichsgau of Vienna, referred to as Greater Vienna. This expansion included several surrounding Lower Austrian municipalities incorporated in 1938, thereby extending the city's administrative boundaries.
The incorporation of territories like Znojmo (Deutsch-Südmähren) into the Niederdonau Reichsgau illustrated what aspect of Nazi administration?
Answer: The expansion and redrawing of borders beyond pre-Anschluss Austria.
Explanation: The incorporation of territories such as Znojmo (Deutsch-Südmähren) and the Bratislava boroughs into the Niederdonau Reichsgau illustrated administrative changes by demonstrating the expansion and redrawing of borders beyond Austria's pre-Anschluss territory. These additions reflected Nazi Germany's territorial ambitions and reorganization strategies.
The administrative divisions Niederdonau and Oberdonau were named primarily based on what characteristic?
Answer: Geographical features related to the Danube River
Explanation: The administrative divisions Niederdonau (Lower Danube) and Oberdonau (Upper Danube) were named primarily after the course of the Danube River, reflecting geographical features within the former Austrian territory. These names also carried historical connotations related to the regions they encompassed.
The name Ostmark is historically associated with the Holy Roman Empire's eastern territories.
Answer: False
Explanation: Historically, the name Ostmark is associated with the Margraviate of Austria (Marcha orientalis), a medieval frontier march, rather than broadly with the Holy Roman Empire's eastern territories.
The German word Ostmark literally translates to 'Western March' in English.
Answer: False
Explanation: The German word Ostmark literally translates to 'Eastern March' in English, signifying a frontier territory located in the east.
The Nazi renaming of Austria to Ostmark referenced the historical Margraviate of Brandenburg.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Nazi renaming of Austria to Ostmark referenced the historical Margraviate of Austria (Marcha orientalis), not the Margraviate of Brandenburg.
The Nazi regime intended the name Ostmark to signify Austria's role as the Reich's new western march.
Answer: False
Explanation: The Nazi regime intended the name Ostmark to signify Austria's role as the Reich's new eastern march, not its western march.
What was the literal English translation of the German word 'Ostmark'?
Answer: Eastern March
Explanation: The German word Ostmark literally translates to 'Eastern March' in English, signifying a frontier territory located in the east.
Which historical entity did the Nazis reference when renaming Austria to Ostmark?
Answer: The Margraviate of Austria (Marcha orientalis)
Explanation: The Nazis referenced the historical Margraviate of Austria, also known as Marcha orientalis, when renaming Austria to Ostmark. This historical connection was invoked to portray Austria as the Reich's new eastern march.
The administrative entity known as Ostmark ceased to be the official name for the seven Reichsgaue on April 8, 1942.
Answer: True
Explanation: The administrative entity known as Ostmark ceased to be the official name for the seven Reichsgaue on April 8, 1942. On this date, the designation was changed to Alpen- und Donau-Reichsgaue.
The successor designation to Ostmark after its name change in 1942 was Alpen- und Donau-Reichsgaue.
Answer: True
Explanation: After Ostmark's name was changed in 1942, the successor designation adopted was Alpen- und Donau-Reichsgaue. This new designation encompassed the same seven administrative regions previously known as Ostmark.
The name change from Ostmark in 1942 was intended to distance the administrative regions from Austria's previous national identity.
Answer: True
Explanation: The stated reason for changing the name from Ostmark in 1942 was that the term remained too reminiscent of the old, independent state of Austria. The Nazi regime sought to further distance the administrative regions from Austria's previous national identity.
The 1943 Moscow Declaration mandated the restoration of the Austrian state within its post-World War II borders.
Answer: True
Explanation: The restoration of the Austrian state after World War II was mandated by the 1943 Moscow Declaration. This declaration affirmed the Allied powers' intention to re-establish Austria as a sovereign nation.
The Moscow Declaration declared the annexation of Austria by Germany to be null and void.
Answer: True
Explanation: The Moscow Declaration in 1943 declared the annexation of Austria by Germany null and void and affirmed the intention to restore Austria as a sovereign nation. This declaration laid the groundwork for Austria's re-establishment after the war.
When did the administrative entity known as Ostmark cease to be the official name for the seven Reichsgaue?
Answer: April 8, 1942
Explanation: The administrative entity known as Ostmark ceased to be the official name for the seven Reichsgaue on April 8, 1942. On this date, the designation was changed to Alpen- und Donau-Reichsgaue.
What was the stated reason for changing the name from Ostmark in 1942?
Answer: Because the term was too reminiscent of the old, independent state of Austria.
Explanation: The stated reason for changing the name from Ostmark in 1942 was that the term remained too reminiscent of the old, independent state of Austria. The Nazi regime sought to further distance the administrative regions from Austria's previous national identity.
What international declaration mandated the restoration of the Austrian state after World War II?
Answer: The Moscow Declaration
Explanation: The restoration of the Austrian state after World War II was mandated by the 1943 Moscow Declaration. This declaration affirmed the Allied powers' intention to re-establish Austria as a sovereign nation.
According to the Moscow Declaration, within what borders was the Austrian state restored?
Answer: The pre-1938 borders of Austria.
Explanation: According to the Moscow Declaration, the Austrian state was restored within its pre-1938 borders. This meant that the territory of Austria prior to the Anschluss was re-established.
What was the significance of the Moscow Declaration regarding Austria's post-war status?
Answer: It declared the annexation null and void and affirmed Austria's restoration.
Explanation: The Moscow Declaration in 1943 was significant because it declared the annexation of Austria by Germany null and void and affirmed the intention to restore Austria as a sovereign nation. This declaration laid the groundwork for Austria's re-establishment after the war.
The flag depicted as representing Ostmark was the flag of the Weimar Republic.
Answer: False
Explanation: The flag depicted as representing Ostmark was the official Flag of Germany from 1935 to 1945, not the flag of the Weimar Republic.
The Reichsadler Deutsches Reich (1935–1945) was the coat of arms associated with Ostmark.
Answer: True
Explanation: The coat of arms associated with Ostmark was indeed the Reichsadler Deutsches Reich (1935–1945). This emblem, featuring an eagle, served as the official symbol of the German Reich during the Nazi era.
What did the infobox images of the Flag of Germany (1935–1945) and the Reichsadler Deutsches Reich (1935–1945) represent in the context of Ostmark?
Answer: The symbols of Nazi Germany imposed upon the territory.
Explanation: The infobox images of the Flag of Germany (1935–1945) and the Reichsadler Deutsches Reich (1935–1945) served to visually identify Ostmark with the symbols of Nazi Germany. These emblems represented the political authority and national identity imposed upon the territory following the Anschluss.
What was the official flag depicted as representing Ostmark?
Answer: The flag of Germany used from 1935 to 1945
Explanation: The official flag depicted as representing Ostmark was the Flag of Germany used from 1935 to 1945. This flag featured the swastika symbol, which served as the official emblem of Nazi Germany.