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Pachisi Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge

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Study Guide: Pachisi: Historical Context, Gameplay Mechanics, and Global Diffusion

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Pachisi: Historical Context, Gameplay Mechanics, and Global Diffusion Study Guide

Historical Origins and Evolution

Pachisi, a board game classified as both a race game and a mind sport, originated in Ancient India.

Answer: True

Explanation: Pachisi is indeed a cross and circle board game that originated in Ancient India and is categorized as both a race game and a mind sport.

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The ancient Indian epic *Mahabharata* explicitly refers to a game named 'Pachisi' as a central part of its narrative.

Answer: False

Explanation: While the *Mahabharata* describes a game called 'Pasha' that is similar to Pachisi, it does not explicitly refer to 'Pachisi' by name, and its direct identification as Pachisi is debated.

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The name 'Pachisi' is derived from the Hindi word *paccīs*, meaning 'twenty-five', which relates to the highest score achievable with cowrie shells in some game versions.

Answer: True

Explanation: The name 'Pachisi' indeed originates from the Hindi word *paccīs*, signifying 'twenty-five,' which is the maximum score attainable with cowrie shells in certain game variations.

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The Korean board game Yunnori is definitively proven to be a direct descendant of Pachisi, with clear historical records.

Answer: False

Explanation: It is only hypothesized that Pachisi may have led to the development of Yunnori, with no definitive proof or clear historical records establishing a direct lineage.

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Archaeological evidence for games similar to chaupar, featuring different color schemes and dice, has been identified from the Iron Age (1100–800 BC) at sites like Mathura and Noh.

Answer: True

Explanation: Archaeological findings at Mathura and Noh from the Iron Age (1100–800 BC) have indeed revealed evidence of games similar to chaupar, including distinct color schemes and dice.

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A 6th- or 7th-century representation of Shiva and Parvati is considered the earliest definitive depiction of Chaupar, showing the distinctive cruciform board.

Answer: False

Explanation: The 6th- or 7th-century depiction of Shiva and Parvati, while showing dice, lacks the distinctive cruciform board, making its definitive association with Chaupar inaccurate.

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A board identical to Pachisi was discovered in the Ellora cave system, dating from a period similar to the Shiva and Parvati depiction.

Answer: True

Explanation: An identical Pachisi board was indeed found in the Ellora cave system, and its dating aligns with the period of the Shiva and Parvati depiction (6th or 7th century CE).

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The Chinese game Chupu, referenced in a Song dynasty document, is definitively known to be an early form of Pachisi that spread from India.

Answer: False

Explanation: While a Song dynasty document mentions Chupu as originating in western India, its exact nature is uncertain and it may be more closely related to backgammon than Pachisi.

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Speculation that Pachisi derived from the earlier game of Ashtapada is widely accepted and supported by definitive historical evidence.

Answer: False

Explanation: The speculation that Pachisi derived from Ashtapada is considered plausible but remains unsubstantiated by definitive historical evidence.

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Emperor Akbar played Pachisi on an enormous scale, using his court as the board and young enslaved individuals as living pieces.

Answer: True

Explanation: Emperor Akbar famously played Pachisi on a grand scale, transforming his court into the game board and using young enslaved individuals from his harem as living game pieces.

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Traces of Emperor Akbar's grand Pachisi courts are primarily found in his palace at Delhi, with no evidence in other locations.

Answer: False

Explanation: Traces of Emperor Akbar's Pachisi courts are still visible at Agra and Allahabad, indicating their presence in multiple palaces, not just Delhi.

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Irving Finkel concludes that the gambling game described in the *Mahabharata* is indeed Pachisi, based on aligning descriptions.

Answer: False

Explanation: Irving Finkel argues that the descriptions of the gambling game in the *Mahabharata* do not align with Pachisi, leading him to conclude that the assumption of their identity is likely erroneous.

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Pachisi is a cross and circle board game that originated in which ancient civilization?

Answer: Ancient India

Explanation: Pachisi is a cross and circle board game that originated in Ancient India.

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The ancient text *Mahabharata* describes a game similar to Pachisi under what specific name?

Answer: Pasha

Explanation: The *Mahabharata* describes a game similar to Pachisi under the name 'Pasha'.

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The name 'Pachisi' is derived from the Hindi word *paccīs*, which signifies what numerical value?

Answer: Twenty-five

Explanation: The name 'Pachisi' is derived from the Hindi word *paccīs*, meaning 'twenty-five'.

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The Korean board game Yunnori is possibly linked to the development of Pachisi, potentially through the ancient kingdom of:

Answer: Baekje

Explanation: It is possible that Pachisi influenced the development of Yunnori, potentially through the ancient kingdom of Baekje.

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Archaeological evidence for games similar to chaupar from the Iron Age (1100–800 BC) was found at which pair of sites?

Answer: Mathura and Noh

Explanation: Archaeological evidence for games similar to chaupar from the Iron Age (1100–800 BC) was found at Mathura and Noh.

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What is the primary reason a 6th- or 7th-century depiction of Shiva and Parvati is often mistakenly associated with Chaupar?

Answer: It depicts dice but lacks the distinctive cruciform board.

Explanation: The depiction is often mistakenly associated with Chaupar because it shows dice, but it lacks the distinctive cruciform board characteristic of the game.

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An identical Pachisi board was discovered in the Ellora cave system, dating from a period similar to which historical depiction?

Answer: The Shiva and Parvati depiction.

Explanation: A Pachisi board discovered in the Ellora cave system dates from a period similar to the 6th- or 7th-century Shiva and Parvati depiction.

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According to a Song dynasty document, the Chinese game Chupu, possibly related to Chaupar, spread to China during the time of which dynasty?

Answer: Wei dynasty

Explanation: A Song dynasty document states that the Chinese game Chupu, potentially related to Chaupar, spread to China during the Wei dynasty (AD 220–265).

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The speculation that Pachisi derived from the earlier game of Ashtapada is described as:

Answer: Unsubstantiated by definitive evidence.

Explanation: The speculation that Pachisi derived from Ashtapada is considered plausible but remains unsubstantiated by definitive evidence.

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Emperor Akbar's unique way of playing Pachisi involved using what as game pieces?

Answer: Sixteen young slaves from the harem.

Explanation: Emperor Akbar played Pachisi on a grand scale, using sixteen young enslaved individuals from his harem as living game pieces.

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Traces of Emperor Akbar's grand Pachisi courts are still visible at which pair of Indian cities?

Answer: Agra and Allahabad

Explanation: Traces of Emperor Akbar's Pachisi courts are still visible at Agra and Allahabad in India.

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According to Irving Finkel, why is it likely erroneous to assume the gambling game in the *Mahabharata* is Pachisi?

Answer: The descriptions in the epic do not align with Pachisi.

Explanation: Irving Finkel suggests that the descriptions of the gambling game in the *Mahabharata* do not align with the known characteristics of Pachisi, making the assumption of their identity erroneous.

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Global Variants and Modern Adaptations

Ludo and Sorry! are modern board games that have no historical connection to the ancient game of Pachisi.

Answer: False

Explanation: Ludo and Sorry! are recognized as Westernized commercial versions of Pachisi, indicating a direct historical connection.

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The American toy and game company Transogram introduced a mass-market board game version of Pachisi in 1958, initially named *Game of India*.

Answer: False

Explanation: Transogram introduced its mass-market version of Pachisi in 1938, not 1958, under the initial name *Game of India*.

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Which of these is a variant of Pachisi popular in Spain and northern Morocco?

Answer: Parchís

Explanation: Parchís is a variant of Pachisi that is popular in Spain and northern Morocco.

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The American toy and game company Transogram introduced a mass-market board game version of Pachisi in the US in what year?

Answer: 1938

Explanation: Transogram introduced its mass-market board game version of Pachisi in the United States in 1938.

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Core Gameplay: Board, Pieces, and Movement

Player moves in Pachisi are determined by the roll of a single six-sided die.

Answer: False

Explanation: Player moves in Pachisi are determined by the throw of six or seven cowrie shells, which act as lots, not a single six-sided die.

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Each player in Pachisi typically uses four flat, circular pieces, distinguished by color.

Answer: False

Explanation: Each player typically uses four beehive-shaped pieces, not flat, circular ones, which are distinguished by color.

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Castle squares on a Pachisi board are safe zones where a piece cannot be captured by an opponent.

Answer: True

Explanation: Castle squares are indeed specially marked safe zones on the board where a piece is protected from capture by an opponent.

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In the seven-cowrie version, throwing 2 shells facing up grants another turn.

Answer: False

Explanation: In the seven-cowrie version, throwing 2 shells facing up (Dooga) yields a value of 2 but does not grant another turn. Only throws of 0, 1, 5, 6, or 7 grant another turn.

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A traditional Pachisi board is typically a rigid wooden structure with a central square called the Charkoni.

Answer: False

Explanation: A traditional Pachisi board is usually embroidered on cloth, not a rigid wooden structure, though it does feature a central square called the Charkoni.

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Castle squares on a Pachisi board are safe zones where a piece cannot be captured by an opponent.

Answer: True

Explanation: Castle squares are indeed specially marked safe zones on the board where a piece is protected from capture by an opponent.

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The playing order in Pachisi is established by the player achieving the lowest score with the cowrie shells starting the game.

Answer: False

Explanation: The playing order is determined by the player achieving the highest score with the cowrie shells, who then starts the game.

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A 'grace' throw in Pachisi allows a player to introduce a piece onto the board and grants an additional turn.

Answer: True

Explanation: A 'grace' throw, typically a high-value roll, indeed allows a player to introduce a piece from the Charkoni onto the board and grants an additional turn.

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After a 'grace' throw, a newly introduced pawn is placed directly into the Charkoni and remains there until the next turn.

Answer: False

Explanation: After a 'grace' throw, a newly introduced pawn is placed on square number 1, the first square for that player, not directly into the Charkoni.

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In some versions of Pachisi, a player must have at least one piece already on the board to be eligible to throw a 7 or 14.

Answer: True

Explanation: A specific rule variation in some Pachisi versions requires a player to have at least one piece already on the board to be eligible to throw a 7 or 14.

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Pieces on the Pachisi board move in a clockwise direction around the outside columns.

Answer: False

Explanation: After leaving the Charkoni, pieces move down their central column, then counter-clockwise around the outside columns, and finally back up their central column.

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In all versions of Pachisi, a player can move any number of their pieces with a single throw.

Answer: False

Explanation: Generally, only one piece may be moved with a single throw, though some versions allow moving any number of pieces, but with a penalty for rolling too high.

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Multiple pieces from the same team are never allowed to occupy a single square in Pachisi.

Answer: False

Explanation: More than one piece of the same team may occupy a single square, with the exception of castle squares already occupied by an opponent's piece.

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What objects are thrown to determine a player's moves in Pachisi?

Answer: Six or seven cowrie shells.

Explanation: Player moves in Pachisi are determined by the throw of six or seven cowrie shells.

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What is the typical shape of Pachisi game pieces?

Answer: Beehive-shaped.

Explanation: Pachisi game pieces are typically beehive-shaped.

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In the seven-cowrie version of Pachisi, what is the value and name for 1 shell facing up?

Answer: 10 (Dus)

Explanation: In the seven-cowrie version of Pachisi, 1 shell facing up yields a value of 10, named 'Dus'.

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The central square of a traditional Pachisi board, which serves as both the starting and finishing position, is known as the:

Answer: Charkoni

Explanation: The central square of a traditional Pachisi board, serving as both the starting and finishing position, is known as the Charkoni.

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What is the primary strategic benefit of 'castle squares' on a Pachisi board?

Answer: Pieces resting on them cannot be captured by an opponent.

Explanation: The primary strategic benefit of 'castle squares' is that pieces resting on them are immune to capture by an opponent, providing safe zones.

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How is the playing order determined at the beginning of a Pachisi game?

Answer: The player with the highest cowrie shell throw starts.

Explanation: At the beginning of a Pachisi game, the playing order is determined by the player who achieves the highest score with their initial cowrie shell throw.

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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a 'grace' throw in Pachisi?

Answer: It allows a player to move an existing piece backward.

Explanation: A 'grace' throw allows a player to introduce a piece and grants an additional turn, but it does not allow moving an existing piece backward.

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After a 'grace' throw, where is a newly introduced pawn initially placed?

Answer: On square number 1, the first square for that player.

Explanation: After a 'grace' throw, a newly introduced pawn is initially placed on square number 1, which is the first square for that player's path.

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In some versions of Pachisi, what is a prerequisite for a player to be able to throw a 7 or 14?

Answer: Having at least one piece already on the board.

Explanation: In some versions of Pachisi, a player must have at least one piece already on the board to be eligible to throw a 7 or 14.

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Which of the following accurately describes the movement path of pieces on the Pachisi board after leaving the Charkoni?

Answer: Down the center column, then counter-clockwise around the outside columns, then back up the central column.

Explanation: After leaving the Charkoni, pieces move down their central column, then counter-clockwise around the outside columns, and finally back up their central column to return to the Charkoni.

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Advanced Gameplay: Objectives, Captures, and End Game

Pachisi can be played by two, three, or four players, with four players typically forming two teams.

Answer: True

Explanation: Pachisi is designed for two, three, or four players, and when four players participate, they commonly form two teams.

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The ultimate objective for a team in Pachisi is to capture all of the opponent's pieces.

Answer: False

Explanation: The ultimate objective for a team in Pachisi is to be the first to move all of its pieces completely around the board to the finish position, not to capture all opponent pieces.

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The primary objective for each player in Pachisi is to capture all of their opponent's pieces before returning their own to the Charkoni.

Answer: False

Explanation: The primary objective for each player is to move all four of their pieces completely around the board and return them to the Charkoni before opponents, not to capture all opponent pieces.

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If a player's piece lands on an opponent's piece on a castle square, the opponent's piece is captured.

Answer: False

Explanation: Pieces resting on castle squares cannot be captured by an opponent, making them safe zones.

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A common rule variation requires a player to have captured at least one opponent's piece before they can return their own pieces to the Charkoni.

Answer: True

Explanation: In some versions of Pachisi, a player must indeed capture at least one opponent's piece before being allowed to return their own pieces to the Charkoni.

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A piece can return to the Charkoni by rolling a number that allows it to pass over the Charkoni, even if not landing exactly on it.

Answer: False

Explanation: A piece can only return to the Charkoni by landing on it with an exact throw, not by passing over it.

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Returning pieces are visually distinguished by being placed on their side.

Answer: True

Explanation: Pieces that have completed their journey and returned to the Charkoni are often placed on their side to visually differentiate them from other pieces still in play.

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Castle squares offer no particular strategic advantage for pieces nearing the end of their journey.

Answer: False

Explanation: Four of the castle squares are strategically located 25 moves from the Charkoni, offering a safe zone for pieces awaiting a '25' throw to finish the game.

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When four players participate in Pachisi, how are teams typically structured?

Answer: Two teams are formed, one with yellow and black pieces, the other with red and green.

Explanation: In a four-player game of Pachisi, two teams are typically formed, distinguished by their piece colors: yellow and black for one team, and red and green for the other.

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What is the primary objective for a team in Pachisi?

Answer: To be the first to move all of its pieces completely around the board to the finish position.

Explanation: The primary objective for a team in Pachisi is to be the first to successfully move all of its pieces completely around the board to the finish position, the Charkoni.

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If a player's piece lands on an opponent's piece on a non-castle square, what is the immediate consequence for the opponent's piece?

Answer: It is captured and returns to the Charkoni.

Explanation: If a player's piece lands on an opponent's piece on a non-castle square, the opponent's piece is captured and must return to the Charkoni.

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What is the specific requirement for a piece to return to the Charkoni and complete its journey?

Answer: Landing on the Charkoni with an exact throw.

Explanation: A piece must land on the Charkoni with an exact throw to complete its journey and return to the center square.

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Strategic Depth and Game Dynamics

In advanced Pachisi versions, throwing a 10, 25, or 30 three consecutive times results in a bonus move for the player.

Answer: False

Explanation: In advanced versions, throwing a 10, 25, or 30 three consecutive times results in the nullification of the throw, not a bonus move.

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To prevent nullifying high-value throws like 10, 25, or 30, players can strategically throw a 7 or 14 in between these rolls.

Answer: True

Explanation: Players can indeed strategically throw a 7 or 14 between high-value rolls (10, 25, or 30) to avoid triggering the nullification rule for consecutive identical high-value throws.

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The 'PYADA' rule in Pachisi dictates that a player must move an additional square for every throw of 10, 25, or 30, regardless of whether all pieces are on the board.

Answer: False

Explanation: The 'PYADA' rule applies only once all of a player's pieces have been introduced onto the board, not regardless of their presence.

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Pachisi is primarily classified as a card game and a game of pure luck.

Answer: False

Explanation: Pachisi is classified as a board game, specifically a cross and circle game, a race game, and a mind sport, involving strategy and probability rather than being a card game of pure luck.

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A typical game of Pachisi is known for its extended duration, often lasting several hours.

Answer: False

Explanation: A typical game of Pachisi usually lasts between 30 to 60 minutes, not several hours.

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Pachisi is a game that involves skills such as strategy, tactics, counting, and an understanding of probability.

Answer: True

Explanation: Pachisi indeed requires a combination of skills including strategy, tactics, counting, and an understanding of probability, balancing chance with player decisions.

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The recommended age range for playing Pachisi is 12 and above due to its complex strategic elements.

Answer: False

Explanation: Pachisi is suitable for players aged 4 and above, indicating its accessibility despite involving strategic elements.

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Pachisi is considered a game with a high level of chance, making player skill almost irrelevant.

Answer: False

Explanation: Pachisi has a medium level of chance, and player skill, involving strategy and tactics, is relevant to success.

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The 'PYADA' rule in advanced Pachisi gameplay grants an additional square of movement for throws of 10, 25, or 30 under what condition?

Answer: Once all of a player's pieces have been introduced onto the board.

Explanation: The 'PYADA' rule grants an additional square of movement for throws of 10, 25, or 30 only after all of a player's pieces have been introduced onto the board.

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Cultural and Artistic Depictions

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