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Parliament of India Wiki2Web Clarity Challenge

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Study Guide: The Parliament of India: Structure, History, and Security

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The Parliament of India: Structure, History, and Security Study Guide

Parliamentary Structure and Bicameralism

What is the supreme legislative body of the Government of the Republic of India?

Answer: The Parliament of India

Explanation: The supreme legislative body of the Government of the Republic of India is the Parliament of India, responsible for making laws for the country.

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The Parliament of India is characterized as which type of legislature?

Answer: Bicameral

Explanation: The Parliament of India is a bicameral legislature, composed of two houses: the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and the Lok Sabha (House of the People).

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Who possesses the authority to summon, prorogue, or dissolve the Lok Sabha?

Answer: The President of India

Explanation: The President of the Republic of India holds the authority to summon, prorogue either house of Parliament, or dissolve the Lok Sabha, acting upon the advice of the Prime Minister.

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What term is used for individuals elected or nominated to either house of the Indian Parliament?

Answer: Members of Parliament (MPs)

Explanation: Individuals elected or nominated to either the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha are referred to as Members of Parliament (MPs).

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How are members of the Rajya Sabha primarily elected?

Answer: Election by members of state legislative assemblies

Explanation: Members of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha are elected by the elected members of the respective state legislative assemblies through a system of proportional representation.

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What is the total sanctioned strength of the Rajya Sabha?

Answer: 245 members

Explanation: The Rajya Sabha has a sanctioned strength of 245 members, which includes 12 members nominated by the President.

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How does the Constitution define the President of India's role in relation to Parliament?

Answer: The President is a component of Parliament, ensuring constitutional adherence.

Explanation: The Constitution designates the President of India as an integral part of Parliament, responsible for ensuring that laws passed adhere to constitutional provisions.

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What is the maximum number of members the Lok Sabha can constitutionally have?

Answer: 550

Explanation: The Constitution provides for a maximum strength of 550 members in the Lok Sabha.

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The Constitution allows for a maximum of 550 members in the Lok Sabha, distributed based on population.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Constitution permits a maximum of 550 members in the Lok Sabha, with seats allocated to states based on their population to maintain a consistent ratio.

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There are 84 seats reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) and 47 seats for Scheduled Tribes (ST) in the Lok Sabha.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Lok Sabha includes reservations for Scheduled Castes (SC) with 84 seats and for Scheduled Tribes (ST) with 47 seats.

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Members of the Rajya Sabha serve a term of five years.

Answer: False

Explanation: Members of the Rajya Sabha are elected for a term of six years, not five.

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The President nominates 12 members to the Rajya Sabha based on their expertise in fields like literature and science.

Answer: True

Explanation: The President nominates 12 distinguished individuals to the Rajya Sabha for their contributions to literature, art, science, and social service.

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The minimum age requirement to be a member of the Rajya Sabha is 25 years.

Answer: False

Explanation: The minimum age requirement to be a member of the Rajya Sabha is 30 years, whereas for the Lok Sabha it is 25 years.

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A person must be at least 25 years old to be eligible for Lok Sabha membership.

Answer: True

Explanation: To be eligible for membership in the Lok Sabha, an individual must meet the age requirement of at least 25 years.

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The 104th Constitutional Amendment Act abolished the nomination of Scheduled Tribe members to the Lok Sabha.

Answer: False

Explanation: The 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019, abolished the nomination of Anglo-Indian members to the Lok Sabha and state legislative assemblies, not Scheduled Tribe members.

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Which constitutional amendment abolished the nomination of Anglo-Indian members to the Lok Sabha?

Answer: 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019

Explanation: The nomination of Anglo-Indian members to the Lok Sabha was abolished by the 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019.

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What is the minimum age requirement to be eligible for membership in the Lok Sabha?

Answer: 25 years

Explanation: An individual must be at least 25 years old to be eligible for membership in the Lok Sabha.

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How many seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) in the Lok Sabha?

Answer: 84 seats

Explanation: There are 84 seats reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC) in the Lok Sabha.

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What is the term length for a member of the Rajya Sabha?

Answer: 6 years

Explanation: Members of the Rajya Sabha are elected for a term of six years.

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How many members does the President nominate to the Rajya Sabha?

Answer: 12 members

Explanation: The President nominates 12 members to the Rajya Sabha based on their expertise in specific fields.

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What is the minimum age requirement to be a member of the Rajya Sabha?

Answer: 30 years

Explanation: A person must be at least 30 years old to be eligible for membership in the Rajya Sabha.

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How does the Parliament exercise control over the Council of Ministers?

Answer: By holding them collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha

Explanation: Parliament exercises control over the Council of Ministers by holding them collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha, requiring the government to maintain its confidence.

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Legislative and Financial Powers

Parliament's legislative powers include amending the Constitution only with a simple majority.

Answer: False

Explanation: Parliament requires a special majority, not a simple majority, to amend the Constitution.

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Parliament controls public expenditure solely through the approval of the Union Budget.

Answer: False

Explanation: While the Union Budget is crucial, Parliament controls public expenditure through various means, including scrutiny of budgetary allocations and the power to levy taxes.

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Money Bills can originate in either the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha.

Answer: False

Explanation: Money Bills must exclusively originate in the Lok Sabha; the Rajya Sabha's role is limited to proposing recommendations.

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Which of the following is NOT listed as a primary legislative power of the Indian Parliament?

Answer: Making laws on subjects exclusively in the State List

Explanation: Making laws on subjects exclusively in the State List is not a primary legislative power of Parliament, although exceptions exist under specific constitutional provisions.

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What is the Parliament's role concerning the Union Budget?

Answer: To formulate and approve the Union Budget

Explanation: Parliament plays a critical role in the formulation and approval of the Union Budget, which outlines the government's fiscal policies and priorities.

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What happens to a bill after it is passed by both houses of Parliament and receives Presidential assent?

Answer: It becomes an Act of Parliament.

Explanation: Once a bill successfully passes through both houses of Parliament and receives the President's assent, it is enacted as an Act of Parliament.

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What is the time limit for the Rajya Sabha to propose recommendations on Money Bills?

Answer: 14 days

Explanation: The Rajya Sabha has a period of fourteen days to propose recommendations on Money Bills, which the Lok Sabha may then consider.

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Parliamentary Procedures and Privileges

Parliamentary oversight includes the Question Hour for seeking clarifications from ministers.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Question Hour is a vital mechanism within parliamentary oversight, allowing members to seek information and clarifications from ministers.

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There can be a gap of up to one year between two sessions of Parliament.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Constitution mandates that no more than a six-month gap should occur between two sessions of Parliament.

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The Monsoon session of the Indian Parliament is typically held from November to December.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Monsoon session is typically held from July to August; the Winter session occurs from November to December.

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Standing committees are permanent bodies appointed for specific, temporary purposes.

Answer: False

Explanation: Standing committees are permanent parliamentary bodies, whereas ad hoc committees are appointed for specific, temporary purposes.

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Parliamentary privilege of freedom of speech protects legislators from criticism outside Parliament.

Answer: True

Explanation: Yes, the privilege of freedom of speech protects legislators from external criticism for their parliamentary statements.

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Immunity from legal action protects MPs only for statements made outside parliamentary premises.

Answer: False

Explanation: Immunity from legal action protects MPs for statements and actions performed *within* Parliament or its committees, not solely outside.

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The code of conduct for parliamentarians requires them to disclose their financial interests.

Answer: True

Explanation: The code of conduct for parliamentarians does indeed mandate the disclosure of their financial interests.

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Unparliamentary words, if used in debates, are always included in the official records.

Answer: False

Explanation: Unparliamentary words are expunged from the official records and are not included.

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What is the maximum permissible gap between two consecutive sessions of Parliament?

Answer: Six months

Explanation: The Constitution mandates that no more than a six-month gap should occur between two consecutive sessions of Parliament.

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Which session of Parliament is primarily focused on discussing and passing the annual Union Budget?

Answer: Budget Session

Explanation: The Budget session is primarily dedicated to the discussion, debate, and passage of the annual Union Budget.

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Which fundamental privilege ensures that legislators can debate freely without fear of legal consequences?

Answer: Freedom of speech and expression

Explanation: The fundamental parliamentary privilege of freedom of speech and expression allows legislators to articulate their opinions and viewpoints without fear of legal consequences or outside interference.

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What is expected of parliamentarians regarding transparency?

Answer: To disclose their financial interests and ensure public availability of proceedings

Explanation: Parliamentarians are expected to disclose their financial interests and ensure that detailed records of parliamentary proceedings are made publicly available for scrutiny.

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What action is taken if unparliamentary words are used during debates?

Answer: The words are expunged from the official records.

Explanation: If unparliamentary words are used during debates, they are expunged from the official records of Parliament.

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Historical Development and Architecture

During British rule, the legislative body was known as the Constituent Assembly of India.

Answer: False

Explanation: During British rule, the primary legislative body was the Imperial Legislative Council, not the Constituent Assembly, which was formed after independence.

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The Constituent Assembly of India was responsible for drafting the nation's Constitution after independence.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Constituent Assembly of India was indeed responsible for drafting the nation's Constitution after India gained independence.

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Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker designed both the Old and New Parliament Houses.

Answer: False

Explanation: Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker designed the Old Parliament House; they were not involved in the design of the New Parliament House.

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The Old Parliament House was opened by Lord Irwin in 1927.

Answer: True

Explanation: The Old Parliament House was indeed opened by Lord Irwin in 1927.

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The construction cost of the Old Parliament House was approximately $98,000 USD.

Answer: True

Explanation: The construction cost of the Old Parliament House was approximately $98,000 USD at the time of its construction.

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The Central Hall of the Old Parliament House was used for parliamentary debates after 1947.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Central Hall of the Old Parliament House was used for the Constituent Assembly sessions, where the Constitution was framed, not for general parliamentary debates after 1947.

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Which legislative body existed in India during British rule before the current Parliament?

Answer: The Imperial Legislative Council

Explanation: During British rule, the primary legislative body was the Imperial Legislative Council, established by the Indian Councils Act of 1861.

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Who designed the Old Parliament House, now known as Samvidhan Sadan?

Answer: Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker

Explanation: The Old Parliament House, Samvidhan Sadan, was designed by the architects Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker.

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What was the approximate construction cost of the Old Parliament House?

Answer: ₹8.3 million (US$98,000)

Explanation: The construction cost for the Old Parliament House was approximately ₹8.3 million, equivalent to US$98,000 at the time.

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In which hall of the Old Parliament House was the Indian Constitution framed?

Answer: The Central Hall

Explanation: The Central Hall of the Old Parliament House served as the venue where the Indian Constitution was framed.

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New Parliament Building

The new Parliament Building, Sansad Bhavan, was inaugurated in 2020.

Answer: False

Explanation: The new Parliament Building, Sansad Bhavan, was inaugurated on May 28, 2023, not in 2020.

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A primary reason for constructing the new Parliament building was the inadequacy of space in the old structure.

Answer: True

Explanation: Indeed, a primary driver for the new Parliament building was the inadequacy of space in the older structure for members and staff.

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The new Lok Sabha Hall is designed to seat up to 384 members.

Answer: False

Explanation: The new Lok Sabha Hall is designed to accommodate up to 888 members; the Rajya Sabha Hall seats up to 384 members.

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The Rajya Sabha Hall in the new Parliament building is inspired by the peacock, India's national bird.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Rajya Sabha Hall in the new Parliament building is inspired by the lotus, India's national flower. The Lok Sabha Hall is inspired by the peacock.

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The foundation stone for the new Parliament building was laid in 2021.

Answer: False

Explanation: The foundation stone for the new Parliament building was laid on December 10, 2020, not in 2021.

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The estimated cost for the new Parliament building was approximately ₹9.71 million.

Answer: False

Explanation: The estimated cost for the new Parliament building was approximately ₹9.71 billion, not ₹9.71 million.

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The first session in the New Parliament building commenced in September 2023.

Answer: True

Explanation: The first session of Parliament in the new building indeed commenced in September 2023.

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What was the estimated cost of constructing the new Parliament building?

Answer: ₹9.71 billion

Explanation: The estimated cost for the new Parliament building was approximately ₹9.71 billion.

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On what date did the first session of Parliament commence in the new building?

Answer: September 19, 2023

Explanation: The first session of Parliament in the new building commenced on September 19, 2023.

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What is the seating capacity of the Rajya Sabha Hall in the new Parliament building?

Answer: 384 members

Explanation: The Rajya Sabha Hall in the new Parliament building is designed to seat up to 384 members.

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The design of the Rajya Sabha Hall in the new Parliament building is inspired by which theme?

Answer: The Lotus

Explanation: The Rajya Sabha Hall in the new Parliament building is inspired by the lotus, India's national flower.

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When was the foundation stone laid for the new Parliament building?

Answer: December 10, 2020

Explanation: The foundation stone for the new Parliament building was laid on December 10, 2020.

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Security Incidents and Their Consequences

The 2001 attack on the Indian Parliament was carried out by Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed.

Answer: True

Explanation: The 2001 attack was indeed carried out by Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed.

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The 2001 Parliament attack resulted in the deaths of over 20 security personnel.

Answer: False

Explanation: The 2001 Parliament attack resulted in the deaths of eight security personnel (six Delhi Police, two Parliament Security Services) and one gardener, totaling 14 fatalities, not over 20.

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The 2001 Parliament attack led to a period of reduced tensions between India and Pakistan.

Answer: False

Explanation: Contrary to the statement, the 2001 Parliament attack led to increased tensions and the 2001-02 India-Pakistan standoff.

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During the 2023 Parliament security breach, protestors released colored smoke canisters inside the Lok Sabha chamber.

Answer: True

Explanation: During the 2023 security breach, protestors did release colored smoke canisters inside the Lok Sabha chamber.

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Derek O'Brien was among the MPs suspended following the 2023 security breach.

Answer: True

Explanation: Derek O'Brien was indeed among the Members of Parliament suspended following the 2023 security breach incident.

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The 2023 Parliament security breach occurred on the 20th anniversary of the 2001 Indian Parliament attack.

Answer: False

Explanation: The 2023 security breach occurred on the 22nd anniversary of the 2001 attack, not the 20th.

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The fourth gallery image shows Jawaharlal Nehru taking a pledge during the Constituent Assembly session.

Answer: False

Explanation: The fourth gallery image depicts Prime Minister Morarji Desai with Jimmy Carter; Jawaharlal Nehru taking a pledge is shown in the first gallery image.

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Which terrorist groups were responsible for the 2001 attack on the Indian Parliament?

Answer: Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed

Explanation: The 2001 attack was carried out by terrorists belonging to Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) and Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM).

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What geopolitical consequence followed the 2001 Parliament attack?

Answer: The 2001-02 India-Pakistan standoff

Explanation: The 2001 Parliament attack led to increased tensions between India and Pakistan, culminating in the 2001-02 India-Pakistan standoff.

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What occurred during the 2023 Parliament security breach inside the Lok Sabha chamber?

Answer: Protestors released colored smoke canisters.

Explanation: During the 2023 security breach, protestors entered the Lok Sabha chamber and released colored smoke canisters.

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Which MP is mentioned as having apprehended an intruder during the 2023 Parliament security breach?

Answer: Hanuman Beniwal

Explanation: Hanuman Beniwal, along with other MPs, apprehended an intruder during the 2023 Parliament security breach.

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What historical event did the 2023 Parliament security breach coincide with?

Answer: The 22nd anniversary of the 2001 attack

Explanation: The 2023 Parliament security breach occurred on the 22nd anniversary of the 2001 Indian Parliament attack.

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General Information and Location

In which city does the Parliament of India convene its sessions?

Answer: New Delhi

Explanation: The Parliament of India convenes its sessions in New Delhi.

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The Parliament of India meets in a building located in Mumbai.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Parliament of India convenes its sessions in New Delhi, not Mumbai.

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The Parliament of India represents the smallest democratic electorate globally.

Answer: False

Explanation: The Parliament of India represents the world's largest democratic electorate, not the smallest.

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